A. Lietz Field Book No. 704

The morning of 29 November 2025 began at the Orem Utah Temple. That afternoon I visited Provo to document something Dr. James “Jim” T. Ross held in his possession I had never seen. Jim holds two journals that belonged to James Thomas Ross/Meredith, my Great Great Grandfather. On that Thanksgiving break afternoon I photographed all of those two books/journals. More than two hundred photographs in all. This post works through the first of those journals, page by page. Jim’s son, Dane, now holds the journals in his possession. Thank you to Jim and Dane for meeting with me on that occasion and letting me impose to document this important book.

A. Lietz Co. Field Book No. 704 — the journal cover
A. Lietz Co. Field Book No. 704 — the journal cover

The journal is an A. Lietz Co. Field Book No. 704, a brown hardcover surveyor’s field book manufactured in San Francisco. It is worn at the corners, age-stained, and was a working document. The A. Lietz Company appears to have been the premier supplier of surveying instruments and field books in the western United States. James came upon one at some point and repurposed it as a personal journal and scrapbook during his later California years. The traverse data, angles, and station distances running down the margins of many pages almost certainly predate his use of the book. He appears to have acquired and repurposed it, writing his own notes in the spaces between and beside the pre-existing contents and data.

One essential note before turning the pages: this is not a sequential journal. James did not fill it page by page from front to back. He appears to have opened it wherever he found space and written whatever was on his mind that day — current events, family records, financial accounts, scripture, geography, obituaries, trivia. A single page spread may contain entries from five different years, written months or years apart. Some pages are pure pre-existing surveyor’s data that James left entirely untouched. Others carry his own entries on every available line. Reading the journal requires understanding that it does not move chronologically.

The story of how James Thomas Ross/Meredith came to live in Lake County, California, in the late 1930s has been told on this website across a number of posts. The short version: he was born in Pulaski County, Virginia in 1869, the son of Nancy Adelene Shepherd Ross and James Meredith. He spent his early adult years in West Virginia, married Damey Catherine Graham in 1893, and by 1917 had moved his family to the Snake River Plain in Idaho. He was in Paul Idaho in 1925 when their daughter in law, Ethel Sharp Ross died. Jack and Edith’s children, and Jim and Damey’s grandchildren, were with them in Paul until 1926. The attempts at farming and employment in Idaho failed. The 1930 Census shows they relocated to Bend, Oregon. Damey died 3 February 1933 in Marysville, Yuba, California. Jim remarried to Etta Fountain on 6 June 1936 in Sacramento, Sacramento, California. Etta died 21 February 1946 visiting Phoenix, Maricopa, Arizona. He remarried to Martha Elnora Brewer on 14 July 1947 in Fresno, Fresno, California. He died 13 April 1951 in Fresno. His death certificate reads James R. Meredith.

Jim Ross in Provo

Jim Ross is the son of Eugene Dale Ross Sr. (1915–1986) and the great-grandson of James Thomas Ross/Meredith. Jim is a retired podiatrist and longtime Provo resident. Eugene served in the 1st Cavalry Division in World War II. He worked as a lathing and plastering contractor in California for forty years. Jim has maintained the family records in FamilySearch for many years.

The Field Book:

Transit table page with Evlin photographs and Patterson campaign card tucked in

Transit table page with Evlin photographs and Patterson campaign card tucked in

Transcription:
Patterson campaign card: For Efficiency in Office — Retain W.M. Patterson Incumbent For County Clerk Lake County — Election August 30 1938.
Written on photograph: Evlin.

Notes:
Three photographs are tucked into this page showing Evelyn Adaway Phibbs Collier — James’s granddaughter, the daughter of Fanny Elizabeth Ross Phibbs. “Evlin” is James’s phonetic rendering. The Patterson campaign card places James in Lakeport during the August 1938 primary election, if he received it personally. William Merrol Patterson (1904–1977) served as Lake County Clerk.

Dockweiler campaign card and Gertrude Coogan portrait tucked in the field book

Dockweiler campaign card and Gertrude Coogan portrait tucked in the field book

Transcription:
Left page — Dockweiler campaign card: Live and Let Live — Elect Congressman John F. Dockweiler (Candidate for Democratic Nomination) For Governor — Let’s Elect a California Man.
Left page — Coogan portrait label: Gertrude M. Coogan — B.S., M.B.A. — Money Creators.
Right page — Oregon has 61 precinks — Ill has 102 Countys — General Pershin[g] Age 80 Years Sept the 13 1940 — in 1860 thanks Given came on Nov the 30 — J.R. Meredith 3. wife or was To be, — Mrs. Marthey E. Brewer Fresno 4 Thesta St. Calif

Notes:
John Francis Dockweiler (1895–1943) sought the Democratic gubernatorial nomination in August 1938, losing to Culbert Olson. Gertrude Margaret Coogan (1898–1986) was best known for her 1935 book Money Creators. Her monetary reform arguments appear in James’s own handwriting later in the journal. The bottom entry records Martha Elnora Brewer’s address — James’s future third wife, whom he married 14 July 1947 in Fresno.

The Pages

Field Book No. 704, pages 1–2

Field Book No. 704, pages 1–2

Transcription:
Left page — Lake View Road [surveyor’s header] — The first factory and where. ans is a Glass fact in James Town. in Va — Lincoln 16 President he Chose William H Seward as Secretary of State. Assassinated April the 15 1865 Vice Pres Johnson become President. — Robert R. Livingstone Swor in George Washing[ton] to US President. — Flag Day is June the 14
Right page — Fought in Court — Petioner is Miss Tess Maria Saline of Los Angeles She calles it a Trick. Pension Plan in July the 22 1938 in Chronicle on Page 2, Col 3 — James R. Meredith Put in 120 — hundred & Twenty dollars to buy a Car to Mrs Etta Meredith July the 1939

Notes:
American history jottings on the left — Jamestown glassworks, Lincoln, Robert R. Livingston, Flag Day. The right page records a pension dispute in the San Francisco Chronicle on 22 July 1938, and James putting $120 toward a car for Etta in July 1939.

Field Book No. 704, pages 3–4

Field Book No. 704, pages 3–4

Transcription:
Left page — For Paint — Birth day Present P 3.50 — Paid by J.R.M. — Joe Louis won his heavy weight Title from James Braddock — Canifear[r]y is the Capte of Austrailia
Right page — J.R. Meredith Signed Papers To Frank Elkins in the same name as his children That is Ross. and they was Excepted the Same papers that was Signed by the name of James R. Meredith Elkins and the attorney Knew Ross and Meredith was the same man. — King George Birth Day. June the 15 1940 — Willington is the Capit of New Zeelion

Notes:
The right page carries a legally significant entry in the journal: James records signing papers to Frank Elkins using the name Ross, and that those papers were accepted the same as papers signed James R. Meredith, because Elkins and the attorney knew Ross and Meredith were the same man. This is James himself documenting the dual-surname situation that has complicated the genealogical record.

Field Book No. 704, pages 5–6

Field Book No. 704, pages 5–6

Transcription:
Left page — For Rheumatism — Potassium. Ioddie — 1. oz in one Pinte of Water and one T Spoon full. 2. Pr. day — the Second world War Broke out Sept 1939
Right page — Succed Pope Pius the 11 — is Pope Pius the 12 from China — Cardmel Perchilie age 63. he is the 2.62 Pope Sence Saint Peter. — Chamberlin Resined as Prime minst of Inglin May the 10 1940 — Churchill Takes his Place as Prime Min in Inglin May the 10 1940

Notes:
A home remedy for rheumatism, then the Second World War broke out in September 1939. The right page tracks Pope Pius XII succeeding Pius XI, and Chamberlain resigning on 10 May 1940, the same day Churchill took his place.

Field Book No. 704, pages 7–8

Field Book No. 704, pages 7–8

Transcription:
Left page — James R. Meredith was Borned 1869 or 1868 in Pulaski County V.a. — The Yanks and the Cin. Reds World Series — Enings: 1 no R / 2 no R / 3 no R / 4 no R / 5 no Runs / 6 no Runs / 7 H. Celler R. one Homer / Dickey Homer 3–1 / 8 0 / 9 0 — Yanks 7 Reds 4 — Hitler Birth Day. April the 20 1940 he is 51 years of age.
Right page — Feb the 1938 Lakeport Calif — J. Meredith and Son Ugene. came. and left at Merced. Feb the 22 1938 — Contatution Signed 1787 — Jessie James was Shot April the 3 1882 — Abe Lincoln was shot April the 15 1864 — 74 years ago — The Sun Runs 66000 miles per Hour. — Mount Eariat is 25,000 feet — Robert Hunt Sade the first Prayer at James Town V.a.

Notes:
A critical genealogical entry: James recording his own birth in 1869 or 1868 in Pulaski County, Virginia. Below that the 1939 World Series inning by inning, Yankees 7 Reds 4. The right page records Eugene Dale Ross Sr, Jim Ross’s father, visiting James in Lakeport in February 1938.

Field Book No. 704, pages 9–10

Field Book No. 704, pages 9–10

Transcription:
Left page — Dec the 25 1937. Lakeport Calif — R.L.R. left here. C.R. Lowell Taken him to Hopland. he was here 18 days. Came the 11 of Dec 1937 — Mary Ball was George Washington’s Mother. — Afram Turhune was Washington Gran Father. Martha Vestis was his wife a widow with 4 Children — Vern got drunk and had a fight with Mr. Russell Jan the 15 1938 — Bord met Jan the 10 and met again the 13 — Sent a letter To Florence Turner Jan the 7 1938 — Visited as wells Sunday the 1938 — Earth Quake Jan the 10 1938 — Jan the 16 1938 Rained all day
Right page — Franklin Delano Roosevelt President U.A. — Jan the 14 1938 James R. Meredith recieved his first old age help. in Lakeport Calif. $35.00 — Clipper plane took on the sea Captain Edward C. Musick Jan the 11 1938. No of men last of 7 aBoard — Plane Held Jan the 16 1938 men last was No 10 at Bozman Mont — Plane fell off the Coast of Calif Coming Clone. Crue of 7 Jan the 6 1938

Notes:
Robert Leonard Ross, James’s oldest son, born 1888, left Lakeport on Christmas Day 1937 after an 18-day visit. Charles Raymond Lowell (24 May 1888 — September 1967) drove him to Hopland. Lowell was Etta Fountain’s son by her first husband Charles Henry Lowell, born in Sacramento, a traveling salesman in Chicago during World War I, moving through Seattle, Honolulu, and Ellis Island in the early 1920s, in San Francisco by 1935 and San Mateo County by 1940. James refers to him throughout this journal as Dr. C.R. Lowell. The December 1935 entry records James borrowing $125 from him. C.R. loaned money, hosted Christmas dinners, and employed James as a day laborer. When Etta died 21 February 1946 in Phoenix while visiting Charles Raymond, he returned her remains to Sacramento for burial in the Fountain family plot. James gave him money for a wreath. Charles Raymond died in Phoenix in September 1967.

The right page records James’s first old age assistance payment of $35 on 14 January 1938. The remaining entries track the loss of the Samoan Clipper, piloted by Captain Edwin C. Musick, which disappeared on 11 January 1938 near Pago Pago.

Field Book No. 704, pages 11–12

Field Book No. 704, pages 11–12

Transcription:
Left page — Jan the 14 1938 Lakeport Calif — James R. Meredith bought a Jersey Cow for $50.00 from Mr. Harper. — Jan the 23 1938 Butter Sald to Mrs McCutchon 18¢ — Phillywine has bin a Teritory for 37 years to U.S. — The first Crop of wheat was Raised in Canires in 1870 — Cattle Ship was Sunk by the US navey — March the 1938 Los Angeles Flood — March 5 flood at Fresno — March the Plane lost with 9 People.
Right page — Jan the 21 1938 Lakeport Calif — Hyman Droped Joe. at 11 P.M. Dancing with Mrs Bogudons. at Kelsivelle. Bohoc us — Mr. Martin Feb the 25 1938 — 25 milk 10 cts / 26 10 / 27 10 / 28 10 / 28 40 — March 1938: 10 / 10 / 10 / 10 / 10 — Total 90

Notes:
James bought a Jersey cow for $50 from Mr. Harper on 14 January 1938 and ten days later was selling butter to Mrs. McCutchon for 18 cents. The March 1938 California flood entries. The right page records dancing at Mrs. Bogudons’ in Kelseyville and a milk account with Mr. Martin totaling 90 cents.

Field Book No. 704, pages 13–14

Field Book No. 704, pages 13–14

Transcription:
Left page — Jan the 17 1938 milk to Mrs Russell — 17 2 qts cream ½ P 80 — 19 1 lb of Butter 20 — ½ P. cream 35 — 21 M 2 qts 10 — 22 Cream 1.P 20 — milk 20 — 26 milk 20 — 27 milk 20 — 29 20 — 31 Cream milk 80 — Total 23 5[0] — Feb the 1938: 2 milk 2 qts Butter 1 lb Cream 50 — 4 milk cream 20 — 6 M and Cream 20 — 8 M Cream 20 — 10 M 40 — 12 M cream 20 — 14 Cream 4 85 — 16 M 20 — 18 M 20 — 20 M Cream 40 — 22 M 20 — 24 M Cream 30
Right page — 26 M 20 cts — 28 M 20 — March 1938: 20 ct / 30 / 40 / 20 — Total 49 50 / 30 20 — Jan. The 1 1940 — James R. Meredith and wife Etta was home all day. it is a raining it has bin raining 2 days and nights. We spent Xmas in San Francisco 7 days and went to Dr. Lowells in Sacramento 2 days.

Notes:
Detailed milk, cream, and butter sales to Mrs. Russell through January and February 1938. The right page jumps to New Year’s Day 1940: James and Etta home all day in the rain, having spent Christmas in San Francisco for seven days then two days at Dr. Lowell’s in Sacramento.

Field Book No. 704, pages 15–16

Field Book No. 704, pages 15–16

Transcription:
Left page — A Formula for Meat — 100 lbs meat Salt 10 lbs — 3 lbs Brown Sugar — 1 ounce Salt Petre — 1 ounce of Red Pepper — ½ ounce Black Pepper — Leave Side meat in 5 weeks — Hams and Shoulders 6 weeks then Soak in Cold water 3 to 4 days — lay it out over night and dry Salt. Then Pack in Barrell. Sprinkle Salt on as you Pack. Then Put on Brine Boil the Brine and Take off the Scum. Then Put it back in the Barrell — The first worlds Series Base Ball was Played in 1903 The Yanks has won 27 out of 34 Series
Right page — May The 15 1938 — A Plane with 9 People Crashed and found killed near Bakersfield — To Grow in Grace is To Grow in Love. We are saved By Grace. This is Love and God is Love. So we are saved by God. — Politician. Henman wrote the boy Stood on the Burning Deck. — The first Congress was held in the year of 1789

Notes:
A full meat-curing formula — hog-butchering knowledge from his Virginia and West Virginia roots. The right page opens with the 15 May 1938 Bakersfield plane crash, then a passage of religious reflection. “The boy stood on the burning deck” is the opening line of Felicia Hemans’s 1826 poem Casabianca, misattributed by James to a politician named Henman.

Field Book No. 704, pages 17–18

Field Book No. 704, pages 17–18

Transcription:
Left page — June the 21 Longest day — Sept the 23 Equile — Dec the 21 Longest night — March the 21 Equile — Slang name for Oklahoma is Suner — Indiana Hoosier State — 1 cubic foot of Gold weigh 1,200 lbs — melt Copper and Zinc Together makes Brass — Canada to increase her military Strength
Right page — June The 20 1935 meredith — Mrs Damie Ross was Sealed to James T.R. meredith in the temple at Salt Lake City Sister Romney acted as Proxie. — Roosevelt Speech To Congress Jan the 4 1939 — Bar B.Q. for Olson in Sacramento Jan The 7 1939

Notes:
Solstices, equinoxes, state nicknames, metallurgy, Canada’s military buildup on the left. The right page contains a significant genealogical entry: on 20 June 1935, James records that Damie Ross was sealed to him at the Salt Lake City Temple, with Sister Romney acting as proxy. FamilySearch confirms both James and Damey’s initiatory and endowment were performed the same day. The sealing was posthumous. Damey had died 3 February 1933. James was sixty-five and would marry Etta Fountain the following year, in June 1936.

Field Book No. 704, pages 19–20

Field Book No. 704, pages 19–20

Transcription:
Left page — Feb the 2 1939 Lakeport Calif — Bird. Gileland. was found Dead on the floor at his home by Mr. Watson — Pope Pious will be Bearied Tuesday Feb the 14 1939 — 1.61 first Pope — Pope Pious the 12 name is Cardnel Erchinia Perchilia the 1.62 Pope — The name of the Dove in the ark was Bertano — Trinton City is the Capt of new Jersy
Right page — 1789 first Congress met March the 11 Eleven States 1789 met 22 Seniters. 56 for the House — Washington Emourifated President. John Adams Vice President. March the 4 1939 — 150 years later they all meet in Wash. D.C. — President J. Franklin D Roosevelt 32 President. Vice P John. Nance. James Vice P — 76 Congress. 435 members of the House. Senit members 96 — the first Congress met on a Wedndsday 1789 this Congress met on Saturday March the 1939. Geo Washington Taken office april the 30 1789 — name of the Dove Bertano ark

Notes:
Bird James Gilliland was found dead on the floor of his home by Mr. Watson on 2 February 1939 in Lakeport. Gilliland had been born 15 January 1873 in Mount Ayr, Iowa, and was buried in Lakeport on 8 February 1939. The right page compares the First Congress of 1789 with the 76th Congress of 1939 at the 150th anniversary.

Field Book No. 704, pages 21–22

Field Book No. 704, pages 21–22

Transcription:
Left page — Saint Patric was Sold as a Slave in the year of 372. A.D. To Ireland — The 16 of March is Saint Joseph Day — Birth of Democracy was 1789 — In Egypt. There is Mountain 6 miles high Mount Everet or Eariat. — King Henry the 8 had 6 Wifes — Farilone Island. west of San Francisco 26 miles out There is 23 People live There. They Vote in San Francisco. it is a Light House Island noted for a resting Place all Kinds of Birds. They Get There Drinking water from a Tenist Court Rain water. Fearforino Island is Knowin as Goat Island
Right page — Birth Day of Boy Skauts was Feb the 1910 — Hubert Clark Hoover 1928 to 1931 President of USA — March the 9 1934 is Mother inlaw Day was the first Mother in law Day March 1934 was the first Mother inlaw Day — Venise St in San Francisco Taken its name from a mare at Sampson he lived on This Street. — March the 9 1934 was the first Mother in law Day — March the 1938 a Plane was lost with 7 People near Frezno. — Hitler Takes over Austry Hungear March the 11 1938 — Clarence Darro died March the 13 1938 he was Borned 1857 — Vienna the Capit of Austry

Notes:
The Farallon Islands 26 miles west of San Francisco, drinking water collected from a tennis court. Yerba Buena Island identified as Goat Island. Boy Scouts founded February 1910. Mother-in-Law Day on 9 March 1934 recorded twice. Venise Street in San Francisco named for a mare at Sampson’s. Hitler annexing Austria on 11 March 1938 with Hungary also noted. Clarence Darrow died 13 March 1938.

Field Book No. 704, pages 23–24

Field Book No. 704, pages 23–24

Transcription:
Left page — Madam Chants Ki Sheck is 40 years of age March the 25 1938 She was Educated U.S.A. — Appaily won the decision over Lee April the 1 1938 — Joe Louis won over Thomas in the 5 Round. April the 1938 — President Franklin D Roosevelt Spoke 45 min April the 15 1938 — James R. Meredith Got a letter Stating he would have to be in the State 15 years to be Eligible for old age Pension. April the 21 1938
Right page — The Democratic Party founded by Thomas Jefferson in 1790 — a man named Decader Created the cross on Top of the hill in San Francisco. 1920 Blue Mountain Davis Park James. Decader — Cherlie Temple was 9 years of age April the 23 1938 — unidisit is a wife tapattle William. Bada is the name of Buffalo Bill

Notes:
James received a letter in April 1938 stating he would need 15 years of California residency for the full old age pension. This explains the modest $35 assistance payment recorded earlier. Shirley Temple was 9 years old on 23 April 1938, James writes Cherlie.

Field Book No. 704, pages 25–26

Field Book No. 704, pages 25–26

Transcription:
Left page — The Wage Hour law became law Oct the 25 at mid night. — Robert C. Leonard was operated on at Napa Calif Oct the 18 1938 — A woman named was Eleecia. was used by Nero to Poison People that he did not like — Abe Lincoln’s wife name was Mary Todd.
Right page — Montreo the largest City in Conida — Otiwa the Capt of Conida — the Goverment of the People by the People For the People afe Speech at Linton Burg. 1863 Pennilvania — Dals Oregon is in Wasco County Oregon grove. Population. July the 1938 first Boat to arive at Bonivell and to the Dals are. — Suris River runs out of Conidy in To Iowa and Back into Conidy

Notes:
The Fair Labor Standards Act became effective midnight 25 October 1938. The right page mixes Canadian geography with the Gettysburg Address paraphrased from memory, Oregon geography including The Dalles and Bonneville Dam, and the Missouri River running out of Canada into Iowa.

Field Book No. 704, pages 27–28

Field Book No. 704, pages 27–28

Transcription:
Left page — Mr. Water Alen first To Speak on the Talkies. Moving Picture — Augustis Seizer was Borned 2000 years ago. Sept the 25 1938 — Oct the 12 is Columbus Day 1492 — John D. Rockerfellow left about 26 and ½ million Dolars Estate — Earth treamer No the 8 1938
Right page — Life Payment Act Reorganised No the 9 1938 — The Banking Sistem cuts 95 83 9 interest on Every single Dol a year — meredith I believe in working in Sted of weeping Take Things as they Come with a Smile. Do all the Good you Can to others. and you will be happy. — Pope Gragger Changed Xmas from Jan the 6 To Dec the 25

Notes:
The right page contains a more personal entry in the journal, James writing in his own voice: I believe in working in Sted of weeping. Take Things as they Come with a Smile. Do all the Good you Can to others. and you will be happy. Seems like a good motto.

Field Book No. 704, pages 29–30

Field Book No. 704, pages 29–30

Transcription:
Left page — President Wilson’s Wife name is Mrs Edith Bolling Wilson. Wilson died 1924 — Oct the 27 1940 is Navy Day — Franklin D. Roosevelt was Elected for the 3 Time. by 449 Electoral Votes Nov the 1940 — Wilftie Got 82 Electoral Votes
Right page — Charls Dickens wrote the Xmas Carol — J.R. Meredith and Mrs Etta Meredith went To San Francisco Dec the 25 To Mr. C.R. Lowells for Xmas Dinner. and back to Lakeport the 26 1938 had a nice time. received lots of Presents. Xmas Came on Sunday and the new year on Sunday. — John Brown. was Hanged on a tree in Johnstown

Notes:
Roosevelt’s third election with 449 electoral votes over Wendell Willkie’s 82. The right page records James and Etta traveling to San Francisco on Christmas Day 1938 to Charles Raymond Lowell’s for Christmas dinner, returning on the 26th. Christmas and New Year’s both fell on Sunday. This entry, combined with the New Year’s Day 1940 entry on pages 13–14, establishes a pattern of James and Etta spending Christmas with Charles Raymond Lowell each year. John Brown was actually hanged at Charles Town, Virginia in 1859, not Johnstown.

Field Book No. 704, pages 31–32

Field Book No. 704, pages 31–32

Transcription:
Left page — [Surveyor’s data only]
Right page — Nov the 5 1940 — Pres Franklin D. Roosevelt was reelected to the Presidency of the USA the only man to be Elected for the 3 term he was Elected in 1932 1936 — 1940 — James. R. Meredith — and Reelected in 1944. for the 4 term [crossed out]. Died April the 12 1945 Warm Springs Gorga

Notes:
The left page is pure surveyor’s data. The right page tracks Roosevelt’s career across two writing sessions, November 1940 recording his third election, then in different ink his 1944 fourth-term reelection and death on 12 April 1945 at Warm Springs, Georgia.

Field Book No. 704, pages 33–34

Field Book No. 704, pages 33–34

Transcription:
Left page — [Surveyor’s data only]
Right page — April the 6 1941 — the Jermons flew over invasion at 5. A.M. fake alarm

Notes:
On 6 April 1941, James recorded that the Germans flew over in an invasion at 5 A.M. — then added it was a false alarm. Almost certainly a reference to an air raid alert that swept the California coast during the anxious early months of American war preparedness.

Field Book No. 704, pages 35–36

Field Book No. 704, pages 35–36

Transcription:
Left page — [Surveyor’s data only]
Right page — Saint Ann. was the mother of. Mary The Gran Mother. of Christ. She was Past the age to Bare Children. when Christ was Born

Notes:
James records the apocryphal tradition that Saint Anne was the mother of the Virgin Mary and grandmother of Christ, and was past childbearing age when Mary was born.

Field Book No. 704, pages 37–38

Field Book No. 704, pages 37–38

Transcription:
Left page — Harry R. Bell Was Called first his no was 158 in the Draft Oct the 29 1940
Right page — Sep the 3 the Athenia Ship with 400 People Sank by Germany — Tom Wells left the the for Itly 1940 17 — the 4 of July Came on Thursday 1940 — Tomas Jeferson. 2. Pres John. Adams. 3. Pres Bothe Died the Same Day. July the 4 [crossed out] only not the Same Year

Notes:
Harry R. Bell was called first in the draft, number 158 drawn on 29 October 1940, the first peacetime draft lottery in American history. The right page records the sinking of the Athenia on 3 September 1939; Tom Wells leaving for Italy on 17 July 1940; and Jefferson and Adams both dying on 4 July. James noting “only not the Same Year,” though they died the same year, 1826.

Field Book No. 704, pages 39–40

Field Book No. 704, pages 39–40

Transcription:
Left page — Senitor Glass from Va age 83 Jan the 5 1941 Died may the 1945 87 of the 1946 88
Right page — The Berma Road in China was opened Oct the 17 1940 news Direct from China — Presiden Roosvelt Speech May The 27 1941

Notes:
Senator Carter Glass of Virginia (1858–1946), a fellow Virginian James was tracking, noting his age as 83 in January 1941 and his death in 1946 at age 88. Carter Glass was a prominent Virginia Democrat and co-author of the Federal Reserve Act. The right page records the reopening of the Burma Road on 17 October 1940 and Roosevelt’s unlimited national emergency speech of 27 May 1941.

Field Book No. 704, pages 41–42

Field Book No. 704, pages 41–42

Transcription:
Left page — J. R. Meredith went to work for C.R. Lowell Aug the 1944 — 24 one Day Per Day $3.33 — 25 one Day 3.33 — 26 one Day 3.33 — 27 one Day 3.33 — 28 one Day for 5 Days 3.33 — 29 one Day 3.33 — 30 one Day Received Cash $25.00 3.33 — 31 one Day Aug the 31. 1944 — Sept The 1 1944 $25.00 — [days 1–20 continuing at $3.33 then $3.95 then $3.93 per day with weekly totals] — new mana[gement]
Right page — J. R. Meredith went to work for Walden Sept the 11 — 1944 — Sept. 1944 — 21 one Day $3.93 — 22 one Day 3.93 — 23 one Day Birthday 3.90 — 24 one Day 27.5[1] — [days 25–30 continuing] — OCT the 1 Sunday one Day [days trailing off]

Notes:
These pages contain the most detailed employment record in the journal. In August 1944 James went to work for C.R. Lowell, at $3.33 per day, recording each day worked through the end of August and into September, receiving $25 cash on 31 August. The daily rate shifted to $3.95 and then $3.93, possibly reflecting a change in management noted at the bottom of the left page. Then on 11 September 1944 James went to work for someone named Walden, continuing the daily record through the rest of September. The 23 September entry is noted as his birthday. James was 74 years old in September 1944 and still working as a day laborer, recording each day carefully in his surveyor’s field book.

Field Book No. 704, pages 43–44

Field Book No. 704, pages 43–44

Transcription:
Left page — Oct The 2 1944 — [dates 2–17 listed with no entries beside them]
Right page — Galileiro invented the Penilum. Clock

Notes:
The left page is a continuation of the October 1944 work record. James listing the days of the month but leaving the entries blank. The daily employment record simply stops. The right page holds a single isolated entry: Galileo invented the pendulum clock. James’s spelling is characteristic — Galileiro and Penilum. Galileo did discover the isochronous properties of the pendulum around 1602, and his work laid the foundation for the pendulum clock, though the first practical pendulum clock was built by Christiaan Huygens in 1656.

Field Book No. 704, pages 45–46

Field Book No. 704, pages 45–46

Transcription:
Left page — Joseph Taken mary and the Child and fled into Egypt. be matthew C. 61 V. 14, 15, 19, 21, 23 — but Luke C. 2, V. 22, 39 Says he was Taken To Jerusalem. — There was one woman at the Sepulcher. John C 20 V. 1 but matthew C. 28. V. 1 Says it was 2 woman. and mark C. 16 V. 1 Says it was. 3. and Luke C. 24. V. 10 Says it was more Then. 3. — matthew C 12 V. 40 Says Christ was 3 Days and 3 nights in the Grave. but it was only 2 Days and 2 nights in the Grave. Count it your Self. — be mark C. 15 and C. 16
Right page — God Dwells in Light first Timothy. C. 6. V. 16 — God Dwells in Darkness first Kings C. 8 V. 12. and C. 18 V. 11 — Psalms C. 97 V. 2 God is Satisfide with his workes — Genesis C. 1 V. 31 God is not Satisfide with his workes — Genesis C. 6 V. 6 God is not the other of Evil. Psalms 5. 19 V. 7 8 — first Corin. C. 14 V. 33 — James C. 1 V. 13. God is the other of Evil. Thus Saith the Lord I frame Evil. Jeremiah C. 18 V. 11 and Isaiah C. 45. V. 7 and Amos C. 3 V. 6 — Ezekiel C. 20. V. 25 God Deceives the People — Jeremiah C. 4 V. 10 be first Kings C. 22 V. 22. 23 Judges C. 9 V. 23 and Ezek. C. 14 V. 9 The Lord Told Israel To Borrow Every thing the Could from Egyptian — Exodus C. 3 V. 21. 22 thou Shal not Rob the neighbor. Lev. C. 15 V. 2 3

Notes:
These pages reveal a side of James not seen before in the journal, a biblical student working through apparent contradictions with chapter and verse. The left page examines the flight into Egypt versus Luke’s account of the presentation in Jerusalem, the number of women at the sepulcher across the four Gospels, and the calculation of days and nights Christ was in the grave. The right page lists contradictions about the nature of God, whether God dwells in light or darkness, is satisfied with his works or not, is the author of evil. Each claim paired with its citation. Serious theological inquiry, not casual note-taking.

Field Book No. 704, pages 47–48

Field Book No. 704, pages 47–48

Transcription:
Left page — The Mollie. Maguires was Cole miners in Penn[sylvania] — Carson City Nevada The Smallis Capital in U.S.A. — Miss. Mary. Tod. was The wife of Abe Lincoln — We are forbiden to Put our interpretation on the Bible. Second Peter C. 1. V. 20 So we must Except it as it Says men of old wrote it as they were Directed by God.
Right page — There was 800 000 of Israel. and 500 000 of Juda. Second Sam. C 24 V. 9 but first Chron. C. 21 V. 5 Says there was 1.100 000 of Israel. and 4.70 000 of Juda. God Knew his figures Dont you Think. or Did he — Christ mission was not Peace. matthew C. 10 V. 34 and Luke C. 12. V. 49 — hear is Some of the Laws. how would you like to live by Them. Exodus C. 31 V. 14 15 and C. 34. V. 19 20. and C. 35 V. 2. 3 Read Leviticus C. 12 V. 1 to 8. C. 24 V. 16. 23 Numbers C. 8 V. 17. 18. C. 15. V. 32 to 36 C. 25 V. 1 to 4 and C. 31 — Deuteronomy C. 13 V. 6 to 10. C. 14. V. 21 C. 17. V. 12. 13 — Read C. 21. C 22. V. 21 Dent C. 25. V. 11. 12 and a law to Kill your own Son and Sell your Daughter.

Notes:
The Mollie Maguires were Irish-American coal miners in Pennsylvania, hanged in the 1870s. Carson City as the smallest state capital. Mary Todd Lincoln. James writes we are forbidden to put our own interpretation on the Bible (Second Peter 1:20), and must accept it as written by men directed by God. The right page lists Old Testament laws from Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy, asking whether the reader would want to live by them. The tension with his left-page statement is worth noting: he insists the Bible must be taken as written, then works through passages that raise questions. He lets the citations speak for themselves.

Field Book No. 704, pages 49–50

Field Book No. 704, pages 49–50

Transcription:
Left page — Jeremiah C. 20 V. 7 Says God Deceived him — Now you Read this law. Dent C. 13. V. 6. 8. 10 and C. 17. V. 2 to V. 12 — and C. 27 V. 14 to 26 and C. 28 and C. 29 God made Slaves of his People. Read Exodus C. 21 V. 3 6 V. 26 27 Levitus C. 25. V. 44. 45 and Exodus C. 13. V. 1. 2 and V. 12 and Levitus C. 27 V. 29 Numbers C. 13 V. 3 Judges C. 11. V. 39 Dent C. 27. and Numbers C. 30 and Dent C. 23. V. 21 Second Sam C. 21. V. 8 to 14 and Read Levit C. 26. V. 14 to 28 Dent C. 28. V. 53 58 Jeremiah C. 19 V. 9 Ezek C. 5. V. 10 Read the whole Chapter. Dent C. 7. V. 1. 2. 10 and Dent. C. 20. V. 13. 14 and C. 21. V. 10 to 16 and numbers C. 31. V. 14 to 18 Some 60.000 the women and Children was murdered. Dent. C. 22. V. 13 to 21 Numbers C. 15. V. 32 to 36 Dent C. 23. V. 1 Some laws. Dont you agree —
Right page — you Can Take the Bible and Prove a lie to be the truth and Prove the truth to be a lie. in matthew C. 2 V. 13 14 Says Joseph was warned of God to Take the Child Jesus and his mother and flee into Egypt but Luke C. 2. V. 21. 22 and V. 39. Says they Taken him To Jerusalem V. 38 and they returned to there own City Galilee city of Nazareth. is Both those Prophes the Truth. Luke Says the Gentiles Put Christ to Death C. 18 V. 32. 33 but John C. 19 Says it was the Jews. are they Both Correct.? Luke C. 23. V. 44 Says it was about the 6. Hour. but mark Says C. 15 V. 25 it was the 3 Hour. Who is Correct.? Second Kings C. 2. V. 1 and V. 11 Says Elijah went up to heaven. but John C. 3. V. 13 Says no man Ever went up to heaven. if you Think Jehovah was a merciful

Notes:
The left page is a dense catalogue of Old Testament passages, ending: Some laws. Dont you agree. The right page opens with: you Can Take the Bible and Prove a lie to be the truth and Prove the truth to be a lie. James works through contradictions, the flight into Egypt versus Jerusalem, who put Christ to death, what hour of crucifixion, whether Elijah ascended to heaven. The page ends mid-sentence, if you Think Jehovah was a merciful, concluded on the next page.

Field Book No. 704, pages 51–52

Field Book No. 704, pages 51–52

Transcription:
Left page — God. Read numbers C. 31 how he Taught moses To Kill and Rob. and how he taught moses in Exodus C. 12 Isac the Hebrews To Borrow from the Egyptian and never paid any thing Back. and how he Deceived the People Read Jeremiah C. 4. V. 10 and C. 20. V. 7 and C. 13 V. 13. 14 and how he Put a lying Spirit in the Prophets mouth To Deceive Read Second Kings C. 22. V. 22. 23 and Read Isaiah C. 45. V. 7 Read C. 61. V. 8. 9 he Dont Believe in Robbing Read C. 63. V. 4. 5. 6. and V. 17 Read Amos C. 3. V. 6 Ezek C. 20. V. 25 Read Jeremiah C. 18. V. 11 Read Isaiah. C. 13. V. 16. 17. 18
Right page — [Surveyor’s data only]

Notes:
The sentence from page 50, if you Think Jehovah was a merciful, is completed here with God. James continues his catalogue: God commanding Moses to kill and rob, teaching the Hebrews to borrow from the Egyptians without repaying, deceiving the people, putting a lying spirit in the mouths of prophets. He ends with Isaiah 13:16–18. This is the most intellectually sustained writing in the journal, seven pages of biblical inquiry. The right page is surveyor’s data only.

Field Book No. 704, pages 53–54

Field Book No. 704, pages 53–54

Transcription:
Left page — [Surveyor’s data only]
Right page — The Corner Stone of the Lifeone at Hides Park was Laid. Nov the 19 1939 — Thomas. Woodro the Willson 28 President

Notes:
The right page records the laying of the cornerstone of the Roosevelt Library and Museum at Hyde Park, New York on 19 November 1939. James writing Lifeone for Library and Hides Park for Hyde Park. Roosevelt himself laid the cornerstone before nearly 1,000 people. The second entry notes Woodrow Wilson as the 28th President.

Field Book No. 704, pages 55–56

Field Book No. 704, pages 55–56

Transcription:
Left page — Jan The 15 1939 Mr. attorney Brady Sade to day that he would not Put any thing in the way of Gov. Olson m[aking] granting Tom Mooney a Pardon. for he Sad he had Knew for 14 years that the Evidence that Put Mooney in Prison was with out Foundations. Why then did they Keep him Thare. is the Corts always Corect
Right page — Nov the 1938 the Dolar liner Changed its name to American President — A Deckade is 10 years — Carl Marks was the Founder of Comanist — Britain has 2 Parties the Conservitas and the Lifeones. The USA has the Democrat and the Republican

Notes:
The Tom Mooney case, one of the most famous wrongful convictions in American labor history. Mooney had been convicted of the 1916 Preparedness Day Bombing and imprisoned for over two decades. On 15 January 1939 attorney Brady stated he would not oppose Governor Olson granting a pardon, having known for 14 years the evidence was without foundation. Olson pardoned Mooney on 7 January 1939. James’s question is pointed: Why then did they Keep him Thare. is the Corts always Corect.

The right page notes the Dollar Steamship Line changing its name to American President Lines in November 1938. Karl Marx as founder of Communism, James writes Carl Marks and Comanist. Britain’s two parties, the Conservatives and the Liberals, James writing Lifeones for Liberals, the same phonetic rendering as Lifeone for Library on pages 53–54, compared with America’s Democrats and Republicans.

Field Book No. 704, pages 57–58

Field Book No. 704, pages 57–58

Transcription:
Left page — Humidy is High Jan Swet the most Humidy is Judged by the moisture in the Air — Henry Ford was 75 yrs of age July the 29 1938 — Joe Rasen Brought Will Rogers and his Pardner Back to USA after the Crash 1935 — Will Rodgers was a indian
Right page — [Surveyor’s data — Honeymoon Cove] — a Man Can Get on First base 4 diferent ways with out Hitting the Ball. first by a walk. Second Catcher. Enumerating the Strike. Third by a hit Ball. forth by a droped Ball. — in the White Cap Crime killing a man. Will Perso. was Convicted for a crime he never Commited. 2 years later the forman of the Jury Confest the Crime — California admitted to USA in 1850

Notes:
Humidity measured by moisture in the air. Henry Ford turned 75 on 29 July 1938. Will Rogers, the Cherokee humorist and actor, died in a plane crash near Point Barrow, Alaska on 15 August 1935 along with aviator Wiley Post; James notes he was an Indian. The four ways a batter can reach first base without hitting the ball. The White Cap crime entry records a man named Will Perso convicted of a killing he never committed, with the jury foreman confessing two years later. California admitted to the USA in 1850.

Field Book No. 704, pages 59–60

Field Book No. 704, pages 59–60

Transcription:
Left page — Chamberlin from Ingland visited Hitler Sept the 15 — 1938 — 17 — Saint Johns day is Oct the 23 — Saint Joseph day is March the 19 the Birds that is Swallows leave the west Oct the 23 the 19 of March they return
Right page — Finger Printing first Started in China and finished in France. Fish do here. they have ears under there Skull. — 1789 the Contution was writen James Madison wrote in free Speech free Esemily free Religion — Robert E. Lee Run his race 200 Miles in 18.72 — Albert Dier was hanged Friday Sept the 15 — 1938

Notes:
Chamberlain visited Hitler on 15 September 1938, the first of three meetings leading to the Munich Agreement. Saint John’s Day on 23 October and Saint Joseph’s Day on 19 March, with swallows leaving on 23 October and returning on 19 March. The right page covers fingerprinting originating in China, fish having ears under their skulls, the Constitution written in 1789 with James Madison credited for free speech, free assembly (James writes Esemily), and free religion. Robert E. Lee running a 200-mile race in 1872, details unclear. Albert Dier hanged on Friday 15 September 1938.

Field Book No. 704, pages 61–62

Field Book No. 704, pages 61–62

Transcription:
Left page — The Grange was instituted 1884 — Frankfooter. aded to the Supream Cort bench Jan the 5 1939 by Roosevelt — Rome is Called The Everlasting City because never bin Destroied — a man by the name of Shampain is the Father of Canida. as George Washington is the Father of USA — Emma Goleman Died may the 14 1940 She was the age of 70 years
Right page — There is 796 Langies Spoken in the world. — Nov the 24 164 years ago the Decleration of Independance was Signed — Gosnor Bradford Sent out Some men for Some Birds and they Brought back Turkeys. and he Called it Thanks Given day 16 21

Notes:
The Grange instituted in 1884. Felix Frankfurter added to the Supreme Court bench by Roosevelt on 5 January 1939. Rome as the Eternal City. Samuel de Champlain as the father of Canada, paralleled with George Washington as the father of the USA. Emma Goleman died 14 May 1940 at age 70. The right page records 796 languages spoken in the world. The Declaration of Independence signed 164 years ago, placing this entry around 1940. Governor Bradford sent men for birds, they returned with turkeys, and he called it Thanksgiving Day in 1621.

Field Book No. 704, pages 63–64

Field Book No. 704, pages 63–64

Transcription:
Left page — The Govner Called Thanks Givin July the 30 in 1623 — Prs Madison had one Thanks Givin in Dec and one in April. — Abe Lincoln the First President to make Thanks Givin national holiday in 1863.
Right page — the Distance to the moon is 238000 — Italians Joined the War on Jan the 10 — 1940 — The 284 Day of the war Italion warned the USA in the Speech — Bulgeary went over to the Axes. March 1 — 1941

Notes:
The left page continues the Thanksgiving origin story from pages 61–62. Governor Bradford called it Thanks Giving on 30 July 1623. President Madison had one Thanksgiving in December and one in April. Abraham Lincoln made Thanksgiving a national holiday in 1863. The right page records the distance to the moon as 238,000 miles. On the 284th day of the war, Italy warned the USA in a speech. Bulgaria went over to the Axis on 1 March 1941.

Field Book No. 704, pages 65–66

Field Book No. 704, pages 65–66

Transcription:
Left page — Dec The 19 1938 — Rash is Russia. Meshech is Moscow. Tubal is Tofalsk. — Anti Christ is Political Leader Mussalini. — 8000 Treaties has bin Signed witch was to last for Ever but avarised only 2 years. — The True Church Col. 1.18 the Harlet Rev 17. 9. 18 the Pope in Hebrew Spells 6.66 in Greek it means the Latin King. and Spells 6.66 The Pope Wears no 666 on the Lapel of his Coat Has history will Conker the Vatican Rome is in
Right page — Vaticins Fili Dei all Popes has D 500 this name of V 5 Honor C 100 V 5 L 50 666 — Germany Taken Paris France June the 14 1940 She will Take Every Thing they Can Get look out U.S.A. — J. R. Meredith

Notes:
James identifies Rosh as Russia, Meshech as Moscow, and Tubal as Tobolsk, a dispensationalist reading of Ezekiel 38. He identifies the Anti-Christ as Mussolini, and notes 8,000 treaties signed to last forever but averaging only two years. The right page works out the calculation that the papal title Vicarius Filii Dei yields 666 in Roman numerals (D=500, V=5, C=100, V=5, L=50) — a common anti-Catholic argument in Protestant prophecy literature. Germany taking Paris on 14 June 1940 follows with, James’s warning: will Take Every Thing they Can Get. look out U.S.A. The page closes with his signature: J. R. Meredith.

Field Book No. 704, pages 67–68

Field Book No. 704, pages 67–68

Transcription:
Left page — Henry Ford July the 30 was 77 years of age 1940 — Speaker. W.B. Bank Head Died Sept the 15 1940 — President Pierce 1853 — 1856 — Zachiran Taylor 1847 — To 1851 — Lincoln 1860
Right page — [Surveyor’s data — Honeymoon Cove] — Windel. Wilkie’s old home where he was Born. Elwood Ind. now Candidate for Pres as Republican 1940 he was Born Feb the 18 92 he Accepts the Candidacy of President of the Republican Party 1940 he was Excepted Aug the 17 — 1940 — Van Cooter was Bomed June the 20 1942 Oregon Coast was Bomed June the 21 — 1942

Notes:
Henry Ford turned 77 on 30 July 1940. Speaker William Brockman Bankhead died 15 September 1940. Presidential terms: Franklin Pierce 1853–1856, Zachary Taylor 1847–1851, Lincoln elected 1860. Wendell Willkie’s birthplace, Elwood, Indiana, and his acceptance of the Republican presidential nomination on 17 August 1940, born 18 February 1892. Then two World War II entries: Vancouver bombed June 20 1942, and the Oregon Coast bombed June 21 1942, referring to the Japanese submarine shelling of Fort Stevens, Oregon on 21 June 1942, the only attack on a US military installation on the continental United States during the war.

Field Book No. 704, pages 69–70

Field Book No. 704, pages 69–70

Transcription:
Left page — Joseph Dill Died June the 22 1943 6.71 — 4 St San Rafael Calif he was a nephew. Boot Black.
Right page — Feb 9 1941 Death Come to Reed Smute in Floridy Funeral Serv held in Salt Lake Feb the 14 1941 — Mr Blake Said that MC ather Knew what was Going on in Mas Co. but MC ather Says he was not informed of what was Going on. Mr Foster give this over the Radio and he Said this was a Contradiction Then why isent St John C. 5. V. 31 and John C. 8. V. 14 a Contradiction Christ Said John was Elias but John Says he was not Elias. John C. 1. V. 21 is this a Contradiction.?

Notes:
Joseph Dill was born 1 January 1899 in Spurger, Texas, to Nathaniel Ervin Dill and Leticia Barlow. He grew up in East Texas, lived in Louisiana in the 1920s, and settled in San Rafael, Marin County by 1935. He died 22 June 1943 at 671 4th Street, San Rafael, and was buried in Silsbee, Texas. He had registered for the military draft in San Rafael in February 1942. James notes he was a boot black and calls him a nephew — the nature of any connection is not established by available records.

The right page opens with the death of Reed Smoot on 9 February 1941 in Florida, the longtime Utah Senator and LDS apostle, with his funeral held in Salt Lake City on 14 February 1941. The remainder continues the biblical inquiry, using contradictory radio testimony about McArthur as a launching point for further scriptural contradictions about John and Elias.

Field Book No. 704, pages 71–72

Field Book No. 704, pages 71–72

Transcription:
Left page — man in San Rafael that was 25 miles to San Francisco but one other Pertbalman Said it only 18 miles. was this a Contradiction? — Aaron was 83 years of age when he Stept in to help moses lead the Hebrews out of Egypt. he hadent Sun made for 40 years. Moses was 80 years of age. They had quite a Plan. to live off of the People mose had bin with Jethro and Yahweh Witch after was named Jehovah. Jethro was a Priest for Yahweh for he was a Canmonite God and Changed it to Jhodah When he and Moses Adopted the Hebrews.
Right page — and he Said if they would be to him a People he would be To them a God — yet he was only a man. Ruler of all local Gods in Cannan. Read the Egyptian history. but he was not as honest as was To Jo. he was Japans God but Dec the 30 1945 he Told the People at Japan that it was not So. it was a fake if Jhodah had bin that honest There would not bin so many People fooled. No To Told the People he was God for Gone. So Did Jehovah and moses and Aaron. Pries Craft

Notes:
The left page opens with another contradiction, two men giving different distances from San Rafael to San Francisco, then moves into an analysis of Moses and Aaron: their ages (Aaron 83, Moses 80), their plan to lead and live off the people, and the identification of Yahweh as a Canaanite god that Jethro, a Midianite priest, introduced to Moses, later renamed Jehovah when he and Moses adopted the Hebrews.

The right page continues: Jehovah promised to be their God if they would be his people, but James argues he was simply a man, ruler of local gods in Canaan. He draws a parallel with the Japanese Emperor Hirohito, who told the Japanese people on 30 December 1945 that he was not divine. Both Jehovah and Hirohito claimed divine status. He closes with Pries Craft, a term used in both Protestant and LDS traditions for the corrupt use of religion for personal gain.

Field Book No. 704, pages 73–74

Field Book No. 704, pages 73–74

Transcription:
Left page — [Blank]
Right page — June the 20 1941 — The Submarene 0.9 went under 440 fee of water. and never came up. with 34 men it went down 5 miles from where the Squalais went down in 1939

Notes:
The USS O-9 (SS-70) sank during a test dive on 20 June 1941 off the Isle of Shoals, New Hampshire. James records 440 feet and 34 men, and notes it went down 5 miles from where the Squalus sank in 1939, the USS Squalus (SS-192) had sunk on 23 May 1939 during a test dive off Portsmouth, New Hampshire. James connecting the two disasters across two years.

Field Book No. 704, pages 75–76

Field Book No. 704, pages 75–76

Transcription:
Left page — Sept the 2 1940 — U.S.A. Traded 50 Ships to Britton for Brittons Islands for Air Bases. for U.S.A. This is agreifle with Wilkia — Key Pitman Died Nov the 10 1940 age 68 years — Lundon Prime Minister Neferlin Chamberlan Died Nov the 10 1940 Church Hill is Prime Minster now. now it is ately
Right page — Oct the [?] 1940 [faint/largely illegible entries]

Notes:
The Destroyers for Bases Agreement of September 1940, the USA trading 50 destroyers to Britain in exchange for 99-year leases on British bases. James notes this was agreeable to Willkie, who had supported the deal. Key Pittman, Nevada Senator, died 10 November 1940 at age 68. Neville Chamberlain also died on 9 November 1940. Churchill is noted as Prime Minister, James writing Church Hill, followed by now it is ately, likely referring to Clement Attlee who became Prime Minister in July 1945, added later.

Field Book No. 704, pages 77–78

Field Book No. 704, pages 77–78

Transcription:
Left page — Jan The 21 1939 Lakeport Calif — The Cavalear Plain Tha[t] Sank in the Atlantic 3 was lost. and 10 Saved. it Sank at 1.30 after noon Saturday Jan the 21 1939 — The Senet and Congress Past the new trade repele of arms imbar Go F.D.R. will Signe it tomoro the 4 Nov the 4 1939 — F.D. Rossevelt Elected for the 4 Term 1944 nov the Thanks for That. but he Died April the 12 1945 — General Patton Died Dec the 28 1945 in Jeremany.
Right page — There was 56 men Signed the Declations of Independace 35 of Thom was Lawers — 1829 Denis notorious Contious Andrew Jackson John Quincey Adams was Elected — Americans all Emigrants all Washington D.C.

Notes:
The Cavalier sinking in the Atlantic on 21 January 1939, 3 lost and 10 saved. The Senate and Congress passing the Neutrality Act revision on 4 November 1939. Later additions: Roosevelt elected to the 4th term in 1944, dying 12 April 1945. General Patton died 28 December 1945 in Germany. The right page notes 56 men signed the Declaration of Independence, 35 of them lawyers. The 1829 entry records the contested election between Andrew Jackson and John Quincy Adams as notorious and contentious. Americans are all emigrants, all Washington D.C.

Field Book No. 704, pages 79–80

Field Book No. 704, pages 79–80

Transcription:
Left page — [Blank]
Right page — A. Monyement on Saint Peters Cathendale. in Rome is an inCription it Reads as follows. Jesus Rules and Rains. So Doo the Catholick want to Doo — King Henry the 8 had 6 Wifes 3 of Thom. Given names was Catherine — J.R. Meredith. Gave Mrs Maple Root for Birth Day 1945 five Dolars Cash $5.00 one Dol for Xmas. 1945

Notes:
A monument at Saint Peter’s Cathedral in Rome carries the inscription: Jesus Rules and Rains. So Do the Catholics want to Do. King Henry VIII had 6 wives, three of whom were named Catherine, Catherine of Aragon, Catherine Howard, and Catherine Parr. James gave Mrs. Maple a root for her birthday in 1945, five dollars cash, and one dollar for Christmas 1945.

Field Book No. 704, pages 81–82

Field Book No. 704, pages 81–82

Transcription:
Left page — [Surveyor’s data only]
Right page — [Surveyor’s data only]

Notes:
Both pages are pure surveyor’s data, including a small sketch diagram showing traverse lines with elevations. James left these pages entirely untouched.

Field Book No. 704, pages 83–84

Field Book No. 704, pages 83–84

Transcription:
Left page — [Surveyor’s data only]
Right page — Feb The 1935 [largely illegible — faint pencil entries over surveyor’s data]

Notes:
The right page has a date header of February 1935 with faint pencil entries largely illegible in this photograph. A February 1935 date would make this among the earliest dated entries in the journal, predating the first clearly legible entry of December 1935.

Field Book No. 704, pages 85–86

Field Book No. 704, pages 85–86

Transcription:
Left page — Nov the 4 1937 — James. R. Meredith Turned in his old age Papers. They was Signed by George. Rusell. and by George. Held. Seald by Mr. Hazle. — I James. R. Meredith came to Lakeport Sept the 13 1936 from Merced County Calif — came to Calif Nov the 1930 — was borned and raised in Pulaski County. Va — was allways. Known as James. Ross. Meredith — my name at first was James Thomas. Ross — when I was adopted. To my Farther the cort made my name James. Ross. Meredith or James. R. Meredith
Right page — I Think I is on reckard James. R. Meredith. but was after Known in as after James Ross. Every Body Called me. Ross. — My Fathers Name was. James. Meredith Borne 1803 Died Feb the 17 1889. Pulaski County. Va — my Mothers name was Nancy adline. Ross Born March the 27 1818 in Pulaski County Va Died the year of 1924 in Radford. Montgu mary County. Va at John Paines — Mary An Tod was afe Lincoln

Notes:
These two pages are among the most genealogically significant in the entire journal. James writing his autobiography with his own hand. On 4 November 1937 he filed his old age papers, witnessed by George Russell and George Held, sealed by Mr. Hazle. He came to Lakeport on 13 September 1936 from Merced County; came to California in November 1930; born and raised in Pulaski County, Virginia. His name at birth was James Thomas Ross, and when adopted by his father, the court made his name James Ross Meredith or James R. Meredith. He was always known as James Ross Meredith, but everybody called him Ross.

His father’s name was James Meredith, born 1803, died 17 February 1889, Pulaski County, Virginia. His mother’s name was Nancy Adline Ross, born July 1843 in Newbern, Pulaski, Virginia, died in 1924 in Radford, Montgomery, Virginia at John Paine’s. The final entry, Mary Ann Todd was wife of Lincoln, is a stray trivia note on the same page.

Field Book No. 704, pages 87–88

Field Book No. 704, pages 87–88

Transcription:
Left page — [Surveyor’s data only]
Right page — Sept the 27 1940 — Japan and Jermony Italian Goverments Jinded hands aganced the world — Rushia Sold Alaska To U.S.A. 1867 — [several lines largely illegible] — this war is not over yet

Notes:
The right page opens with the Tripartite Pact of 27 September 1940, Japan, Germany, and Italy joining hands against the world. Russia selling Alaska to the USA in 1867. The lower portion has faint entries largely illegible, with one readable phrase: this war is not over yet.

Field Book No. 704, pages 89–90

Field Book No. 704, pages 89–90

Transcription:
Left page — April The 12 1945 — President Franklin D. Roosevelt Past out 3.35 P.M. at warm Springs Ga. his Vice Hary S Truman Takes over — This makes 7 Vice Presidents Taken over. after Death of The Prsident. first was John Tyler 1840 Death of William henry Harrison and Second Millard Fillmore Taken over in 1850 Death of Zachary Taylor. Third was Andrew Johnson 1865 Taken over by Death of Abraham Lincoln — Fourth Chester. H. Aarthur in 1881 on the Death of James. A. Garfield The fifth was Theodore Roosevelt in 1901 Death of William McKinley. Sixth was Calvin Coolidge 1923 on Death of Warren G Harding Seventh was Hary S Truman. on Death of F.D. Roosevelt 1945 — Death Came in the 3 month of his 4 term 12 years 3 months 8 Days. The Good
Right page — thing he has Don for the People will EVriel all the good things that all the Presidents has Don. a wonderful good man. a man of feeling. I place him at the head of all Presidents before him. I am 76 years of age and I hade Prest Taft for quit a while — Signed James. R. Meredith April the 13 1945 San Rafael. Calif — Hary S Truman Served as Vice under F.D. Roosevelt for 3 months 8 Days. Roosevelt Taken office March the 19 32 and Served 3 full terms and 3 months and 8 Days in the 4 term.

Notes:
On 12 April 1945 he records Roosevelt’s death at 3:35 P.M. at Warm Springs, Georgia, and Truman taking over. He lists all seven Vice Presidents who assumed the presidency on the death of the sitting president — Tyler, Fillmore, Johnson, Arthur, Theodore Roosevelt, Coolidge, and Truman — correctly in order.

The right page is a personal eulogy for Roosevelt, signed by James R. Meredith on 13 April 1945 in San Rafael, California. He was 76 years old. He places Roosevelt at the head of all presidents before him, calls him a wonderful good man, a man of feeling. He mentions having known President Taft for a while. The page closes with a careful accounting of Roosevelt’s time in office: three full terms and three months and eight days into the fourth.

Field Book No. 704, pages 91–92

Field Book No. 704, pages 91–92

Transcription:
Left page — Oct The 3 — is the Jerus Christmas. a knew year — The Mexican President now is a Catheleck the first in 90 years Sept 29 — 1940 — William McAdoo was Bearied Feb the 3 1941 — Hary S. Trumans Mother 93 years of age Nov the 25 1945
Right page — James R. Meredith and Etta. Meredith had Xmas Diner by Thom Selves in San Rafael Calif 1945 and what you Know. We had Turkey. the last Xmas Diner we Every had with Each other. She Died Feb the 21 1946 in Phoenix Ariz — She was Bearied in the City Cemitory Sacramento Calif. may the 30 J.R. Meredith had affe willer to Place a Wreath on hur Grave for him. — James R. Meredith we was married June the 6 1936 lived to gather 9 years. and 7. Monthes.

Notes:
3 October as Jerusalem Christmas and New Year, the Jewish New Year (Rosh Hashanah) falls in late September or early October. The Mexican President becoming Catholic for the first time in 90 years on 29 September 1940. William McAdoo, California senator and son-in-law of Woodrow Wilson, buried 3 February 1941. Harry Truman’s mother was 93 years old on 25 November 1945.

The right page is one of the most moving in the journal. James records that he and Etta had Christmas dinner by themselves in San Rafael in 1945 and had turkey, then notes it was the last Christmas dinner they would ever have together. Etta died 21 February 1946 in Phoenix, Arizona, and was buried in the City Cemetery in Sacramento. James gave money to have a wreath placed on her grave. He closes with their marriage date, 6 June 1936, and notes they lived together 9 years and 7 months.

Field Book No. 704, pages 93–94

Field Book No. 704, pages 93–94

Transcription:
Left page — King Henry the was Quene Elisifath farther. and Anie Balden was hur Mother — Astralia impire felonys to England — Senetar. Harrison Died June the 22 1941 — States Mane and Vermont was Carried by Landon.
Right page — he was a batchlor James. Bucanon. President 1856 he was a Democrat Thy was a Whig and Tory. those Days. — I Pledge allegiance to the flag of the united States of america. and the Republic for whitch it Stands. one nation indivisible with liberty and Justis for all.

Notes:
Queen Elizabeth’s father was King Henry VIII, and Anne Boleyn was her mother, correct for Elizabeth I. Australia’s imperial ties to England. Senator Harrison died 22 June 1941. Maine and Vermont were the only two states carried by Landon in the 1936 election. James Buchanan was a bachelor president, correct, the only US president never to marry. The parties of that era were Whig and Democrat. The page closes with James writing out the Pledge of Allegiance from memory, notably without under God, which was not added until 1954, more than a decade after James would have written this.

Field Book No. 704, pages 95–96

Field Book No. 704, pages 95–96

Transcription:
Left page — Jack Dempsey Fight with Carpentier Drew $1.600.000 — Bradalk and Far Jan the 21 1938 10 Rounds. Bradalk won — Madona is a Picture of the Virgin Mary. [faint illegible entries below]
Right page — Jan the 19 1938 Mr. Vanchuson Butter 1 ff paid $35 — [daily milk account entries at 10 cents] — Total 100 — Apr the 1938 [continuing daily entries through 28th] — Total 70

Notes:
The Jack Dempsey vs. Georges Carpentier fight of 2 July 1921, the first million-dollar gate in boxing history, drawing $1,600,000. A fight involving Bradalk on 21 January 1938, 10 rounds, Bradalk winning. The Madonna entry: a Madonna is a picture of the Virgin Mary. The right page is a milk account with Mr. Vanchuson beginning 19 January 1938, recording daily milk and butter sales at 10 cents per day. This account runs parallel to the Mrs. Russell account on pages 13–14, confirming James was running a small dairy with multiple customers in early 1938.

Field Book No. 704, pages 97–98

Field Book No. 704, pages 97–98

Transcription:
Left page — March the 1 — 1938 Mr. Vandudon — [daily 10-cent milk entries days 1–31] — Total 100 — April The 1938 — [daily 10-cent entries days 1–28]
Right page — Feb the 8 1938 milk 1 qt — [daily entries] — 17 1938 Vandudon — may the 1938 — [continuing daily milk entries through May] — Total $1.10

Notes:
Both pages continue the milk account with Mr. Vandudon, James’s phonetic spelling varying between Vanchuson and Vandudon, recording daily 10-cent milk sales through March, April, and into May 1938. The March account totals $1.00 for 31 days. This is an extensive daily financial record in the journal, confirming James was operating a consistent small dairy in Lakeport through the first half of 1938.

Field Book No. 704, pages 99–100

Field Book No. 704, pages 99–100

Transcription:
Left page — Feb The 1938 Milk to Mr. Harper — [daily 10-cent entries days 19–28] — Total $1.00 Pd — March 1938 — [daily entries continuing through the month]
Right page — George Washington was related To Franklin D. Rooservelt. — John Adams the President was related to F.D. Roosevelt — James. Madison 4 President was his relations. — John Quiney Adams the 6 President was his relations. — Martin Van Bruen the 8 President was his relation — William Henry Harrison 9 President was related to F.D.R. — Zachary Taylor 12 Pres. was related to him. — U.S. Grant 18 Pres. was his relation. — Benjamin Harrison 23 Pres. was his relations over

Notes:
The left page continues the milk account with Mr. Harper, the same Mr. Harper from whom James bought his Jersey cow in January 1938, now also a milk customer. The right page lists presidents James believed were related to Franklin D. Roosevelt: Washington, John Adams, James Madison, John Quincy Adams, Martin Van Buren, William Henry Harrison, Zachary Taylor, Ulysses Grant, and Benjamin Harrison. Roosevelt did have documented connections to several of these families. The page continues onto the next.

Field Book No. 704, pages 101–102

Field Book No. 704, pages 101–102

Transcription:
Left page — Theodore Roosevelt the 26 Pres. was his relation — William Howard Taft the 27. Pres was related Franklin. D. Roosevelt the only one to be Elected the 4 turn his wife the only one to be the 4 lady of the Land — McKinley was the 25. Pres Vice was Garrett A Hafort. of New Jersey making Second term in 1900 with Theodore Roosevelt Vice
Right page — in 1946 Samial. Brannon Hotel San Francisco Brannon St was named after Sam Brannan. — Died. 55 in April 1945 — Hitler was 52. April the 20. 1941 — June the 21 1941. Hitler has Declaired war on Rushia — The world Series 1942 was won by St Luis. Mo — President Grant of the Latter Day Saints Died May the 14 1945 in Salt Lake City Utah he was age 88

Notes:
The left page continues the Roosevelt family connections from page 100, adding Theodore Roosevelt (26th) and William Howard Taft (27th) to the list of presidents related to FDR. James notes Franklin D. Roosevelt as the only president elected to a fourth term, and his wife as the only woman to be First Lady four times. McKinley was the 25th president; his vice president was Garret Augustus Hobart of New Jersey for his first term, and Theodore Roosevelt for his second term in 1900, Roosevelt succeeding upon McKinley’s assassination in 1901.

The right page opens with a 1946 entry about the Samuel Brannon Hotel in San Francisco and Brannan Street being named after Sam Brannan, the prominent early California settler and first millionaire of the Gold Rush. Then Hitler turning 52 on 20 April 1941 and declaring war on Russia on 21 June 1941. The 1942 World Series was won by St. Louis. President Grant of the Latter Day Saints, Heber J. Grant, seventh President of the LDS Church, died 14 May 1945 in Salt Lake City at age 88.

Field Book No. 704, pages 103–104

Field Book No. 704, pages 103–104

Transcription:
Left page — Mussoleni was Killed April 1945 — A. God — Christ Says he made Every Thing. Read John C. 1 and he Says he Gave the laws. Then he was Jehovah. if he made Every Thing. then he made Space. Then where was he before he made Space. There was no where for him to be. and at that time he was a Ghost. and I guess they Can be nowhere. So he made Every Thing out of nothing. all but man. and he made him out of Dust. and he found a God with all Power. but Still was Killed by man witch he made.<br>Right page — why Did he make man So bad and as he Says. So Sinfull. if you Think he is a Just God Read the laws he Gave in Exodus and Levit. and numbers C. 31 — well if he made Every Thing. he made Satan. What for. if he is all Powfull why Didont he Contrate Satan. or why Didnt he make all men Good and Keep Thom that way. Well Judges. C. 1 V. 19 Says he is not allpowerfull. he Cound not Drive out the People in the Valley. for they had Charets made of iron. it must Release the Bible. what about this. C. 1 V. 19. must we beleve it. That would Do away with

Notes:
The left page opens with a brief news note, Mussolini was killed in April 1945, then returns immediately to theological inquiry. James works through a cosmological argument: if God made everything (John 1), then he made space; but where was he before space existed? He was a Ghost, and a ghost can be nowhere. So God made everything out of nothing, except man, whom he made from dust. And yet this all-powerful God was killed by the very man he made.

The right page continues the argument: if God made everything, he made Satan, so why did he not control Satan, or simply make all men good? Then James cites Judges 1:19, the passage recording that God could not drive out the people of the valley because they had chariots of iron, as evidence that God is not all-powerful. The page ends mid-sentence: “That would Do away with” continuing on the next page.

Field Book No. 704, pages 105–106

Field Book No. 704, pages 105–106

Transcription:
Left page — all Powerfull God. a God that is invisible. That Kind of a God never was heard or seen. Read Exodus C. 33 V. 20 and John. C. 5 V. 37 and first Jimathey C. 6. V. 16 and John C. 1 V. 18 but Se what Jehovah Says. Read Exodus C. 33 V. 23 — and Gen C. 32 V. 30 — and Exodus C 24 V. 9 Do you Se Eny Contradiction hear. — Peter Says men of old Spake as they were Directed by the Haly Ghost. So we can not put our interpation on it To make it mean Eny Thing only what it Says. Read Second Peter C. 1 V. 20 — Second Sam C. 6 V. 23 Says Michal the Daughter of Saul. and the Wife of David had no<br>Right page — Child unto the Day of hur Death. but C 2 1 V. 8 hur had 5 Sons. — Christ Says John was Elias Se matthew C. 11. V. 14 but John Says he was not Elias Se John C. 1 V. 21 — matthew Says Jacob was Josephs father C. 1 V. 6 but Luke Says not So. his father was Heli. C. 3 V. 23 — John Says the Jews Killed Christ C. 11. but matthew Says it was the Gentiles C 2 0 V. 19. John Says he Died about the 6 Hour. C. 19 but mark Says it was the 3 Hour mark C. 15 V. 25 — and V. 23 Says the Gave him wine mingled with myrrh. to Drink but matthew Say the Gave him Vinager mingled with Gall to Drink C. 27 V. 34 — mathew C. 5 V. 16 let men see your Good workes. but C. 6 V. 1. 2. 3. 4. Did Judas keep the buch and Did the Priests buy the Peters field with the money. Se matthew C. 27 V. 5 to 8. Se matthew C. 1 V. 18 Judas now Se acts C. 1 V. 18 Judas bought the field. and Died

Notes:
The left page continues from page 104, the argument that an all-powerful invisible God was never heard or seen, citing multiple scriptures supporting this, then contrasting them with passages where God is seen directly (Exodus 33:23, Genesis 32:30, Exodus 24:9). James asks: do you see any contradiction? He then returns to Second Peter 1:20, that men spoke as directed by the Holy Ghost so we cannot put our own interpretation on scripture, then closes with a contradiction: Second Samuel 6:23 says Michal daughter of Saul had no child unto her death, but the page ends mid-sentence.

The right page opens with the contradiction completed: 2 Samuel 21:8 says she had five sons. James then continues his list of Gospel contradictions, whether John was Elias, who was Joseph’s father (Jacob or Heli), who killed Christ (Jews or Gentiles), what hour Christ died (6th or 3rd), what he was given to drink (wine with myrrh or vinegar with gall), whether Judas kept the money or the priests used it to buy a field, and whether Judas bought the field himself. These are among the most frequently cited textual contradictions in Gospel scholarship. The page ends mid-sentence.

Field Book No. 704, pages 107–108

Field Book No. 704, pages 107–108

Transcription:
Left page — by falling in a Pit. then he Did not hang himself. Whear was Christ taken up. acts C. 1 V. 12. it was at olivet but Luke C. 24 V. 50. 51 Says it was at Bethany. and mark Says it was Whil the Eleven was at meat. Se mark C. 16 V. 14 to 19 — matthew C. 9 V. 13 we will not Know the Day the Lord Came. but first Thesilions C. 5 V. 1. 2. 3. 4 Says we will not be in the Dark as to this Day. Peter Says God is no Respecter of Persons. acts C. 10 V. 34 but Read Romans C. 9 V. 10 to 13 and V. 18 — well They Could not beleve. Elias Says God hardened there Hearts. Blinded there Eyes. Could not understand with there hearts. and be Converted. John C. 12 V. 39. 40 — if God Knows all Things. why Didnt<br>Right page — Ancara the Capt of Turkey — Hitler marched in Athens April the 27 1941 — he Know they would have there Children Pass Through the fire Read Jeremiah C. 32 V. 35. the bottom of the Sea is out of Sight of God. Read Amos C. 9 V. 3 the Lord Sturs up Trouble — Se Second Chron C. 36 V. 22 Se Isaiah C. 13 V. 16. 17. 18 Read C. 28 V. 7. 8. Then Se Jirmiah C. 13 — V. 13. 14 — God makes Them Drunk. — God Says — V. 14 C. 14 They Prophets Tell lies. well why Did he Put a lying Spirit in there mouth Se first Kings C. 22 V. 22. 23. Second Sam C. 24 V. 1 Say the lord Provoked David to Say the number Israel. but first number Israel. but first number C. 21 V. 1 Says it was Satan — Second C. 21 V. 1 Says it was both the Same more.

Notes:
The left page continues the biblical contradiction catalogue from page 106, completing the Judas entry, Judas died by falling in a pit, not hanging himself. Then the question of where Christ ascended: Acts says Olivet, Luke says Bethany, Mark says while the Eleven were at meat. Matthew 9:13 says we will not know the day the Lord came, but First Thessalonians says we will not be in the dark about it. God is no respecter of persons (Acts 10:34) but Romans 9 contradicts this. God hardened hearts so people could not believe — then why are they blamed for not believing? The page ends mid-sentence.

The right page opens with Ankara as the capital of Turkey and Hitler marching into Athens on 27 April 1941. James then returns to theology: God knowing children would be passed through fire yet allowing it; the bottom of the sea being out of God’s sight (Amos 9:3); God stirring up trouble; God making prophets drunk and causing them to tell lies, then why did he put a lying spirit in their mouths? The page closes with a contradiction between Second Samuel 24:1 (God provoked David to number Israel) and First Chronicles 21:1 (it was Satan), a classic biblical contradiction James noted earlier in the journal.

Field Book No. 704, pages 109–110

Field Book No. 704, pages 109–110

Transcription:
Left page — matthew C. Say Christ Road through Jerusalem. on an ass and a colt how could he ride 2 at once. C. 21 V. 7. But mark C. 11 V. 4 to 8 Says it was Just a Colt. now What I want to know is Did he Go Through on his ass. or did he Go Through on a Colt without his ass. — Second Kings C. 2 V. 1 and V. 11 Says Elijah went up to heaven. but John C. 3 V. 13 Says no man Ever went up but Christ — first Chron C. 21 V. 25 Say David Paid 600 Shekels of Gold not Silver for the Thrashing floor. but Second Sam C. 24 V. 24 Says he only Paid 50 Shekels of Silver not Gold and Got the Open Thresher in. Did a God Dictate the Bible — Second Kings C. 8 V. Ahaziah. was 22. years of age when he began To Reign King. but Second Chron C. 22 V. 2 Says he was 42<br>Right page — Read Second Kings C. 18 V. 27 Read Ezek C. 4 what God Gave Them to ate. — Se Second Chron C. 21 V. 17 Jehoahaz was the youngest Son. but C. 22 V. 1 it was Ahaziah was the youngest Son. — Did Jehovah Ever tell a lie Read Exodus. C. 6 V. 8 hear. he Read Exodus. C. 6 V. 8 hear. he Swore a lie. he Swore he would Give this land to Abraham and Jacob. but they never Set foot on it Read acts. C. 7 V. 4. 5 — John C. 19 Say Christ Died on a Cross. but Peter Says they hanged him on a Tree Se acts C. 5 V. 30 Se acts C. 10 V. 39 Read C. 13 V. 30 Read Galatians C. 3 V. 13 — Did moses and Aaron and 70 Elders See God Exodus C. 24 V. 9 10 John C. 1 V. 18 Says no man Ever Seen God. if he is invisible no one Can Se him. God or Jehovah hardened Thoms heart To Cause all the Trouble. if God Knows all why Put The Blood on the Doors of all Israel He Says So he Could Pass

Notes:
Both pages continue James’s sustained biblical inquiry. The left page focuses on contradictions about physical facts: how Christ rode both an ass and a colt simultaneously; Elijah ascending to heaven when John says no man ever went up; David paying 600 shekels of gold or 50 shekels of silver for the threshing floor; Ahaziah being 22 or 42 when he began to reign. Each contradiction is cited. James’s central question, did a God dictate the Bible, is stated plainly.

The right page continues with Jehoahaz versus Ahaziah as the youngest son; God swearing to give Abraham and Jacob the land of Canaan but they never set foot on it; Christ dying on a cross (John) versus being hanged on a tree (Peter/Acts/Galatians); Moses and Aaron and 70 elders seeing God (Exodus 24) versus no man ever seeing God (John 1:18). The page closes mid-sentence on one of the most famous questions in Exodus, if God knows all things, why did he need blood on the doors of Israel to know which houses to pass over?

Field Book No. 704, pages 111–112

Field Book No. 704, pages 111–112

Transcription:
Left page — Thom up when he Killed all the first Born in Egypt. and if he Knows all how Could Adam and Eve hide from him. and why Did the Sun Stand Still when it is not the Sun that Runs. it is the Earth. Why beleve There is a God when no one has Ever Seen him what Proof have we That There is a God?. You Say the Bible Well if There is no other Proof Then the Bible we have none. you Can Proove Eny all Things by the bible Even That white is BLACK. — I wont Take it for Proof of a God. or a Son of God.<br>Right page — act C. 22 V. 9 Says The Peope heard not The Voice. but C. 9 V. 7 Says they Did hear The Voice. and That They Stood Speechless but C. 20 V. 14 Says they Did not Stand Speechless they were all fallen to the Earth when they heard the Voice. — is This what Paul lied about Se Romans. C. 3 V. 7. The fitle Says There is to be a Resirection but Job Says when we Go to the Grave we Come up no more Read Job C. 10 V. 21 and C. 7 V. 9. 10 God Destroys the Perfect and the wicked. C. 9 V. 22 The only Diference of the Living and the Dead. The Living know they have To Die. but The Dead Dont Know Eny Thing neither Do They have Eny Reward Ecclesiastes C. 9 V. 5 — Read John C. 5 V. 31 and C. 8 V. 14 Se if Christ Contradicts him Self. his Recard is True and it is not True. he Says.

Notes:
The left page brings James’s extended biblical inquiry to its conclusion. The final question, if God knows all things, why did he need blood on the doors, is completed with: so he could pass over when he killed all the firstborn in Egypt. Then: if God knows all, how could Adam and Eve hide from him? And why did the sun stand still when it is the earth that moves, not the sun? The argument reaches its summit: what proof do we have that there is a God? If the only proof is the Bible, that proves nothing, you can prove anything by the Bible, even that white is black. James’s conclusion is stated plainly and without apology: “I wont Take it for Proof of a God. or a Son of God.”

The right page continues with Paul’s companions on the road to Damascus hearing or not hearing the voice (Acts 9:7 vs. 22:9), and standing speechless or falling to the earth (another contradiction). Paul lying about it (Romans 3:7). Whether there is a resurrection (the title says yes) but Job says when we go to the grave we come up no more (Job 10:21, 7:9-10). God destroying both the perfect and the wicked alike. The only difference between the living and the dead: the living know they will die, but the dead know nothing and have no reward (Ecclesiastes 9:5). The page closes with Christ contradicting himself, John 5:31 says his record is not true, John 8:14 says it is.

Field Book No. 704, pages 113–114

Field Book No. 704, pages 113–114

Transcription:
Left page — July the 4 1941 — Senitor Repur and Senitor Wheear Spoke on the war. — President Franklin Roosevelt Speake at 1. oclock the 4 of July 1941<br>Right page — Bulgeary March the 4 of July 15 — X Fals Prophet — Burnard Shaw Saying Hitler would not atact Rushia he was a fals Prophet — Sen this in a morning Picture Show in San Francisco 1941 — Comele Said There was Prophet besides Joseph Smith — 7


Notes:
The left page records the 4th of July 1941: two senators, Pepper and Wheeler, spoke on the war, and President Franklin Roosevelt spoke at 1 o’clock. Senator Claude Pepper of Florida was a strong interventionist; Senator Burton Wheeler of Montana was a prominent isolationist, two opposing voices on the war James was following.

The right page opens with Bulgaria and a date reference. Then a marked entry, James puts an X beside “Fals Prophet” recording that George Bernard Shaw had predicted Hitler would not attack Russia. Since Hitler invaded Russia on 22 June 1941, Shaw was proved wrong. James saw this in a morning picture show (newsreel) in San Francisco in 1941 and marked Shaw as a false prophet accordingly. The final entry records someone named Comele saying there was a prophet besides Joseph Smith, a reference to LDS prophetic succession or a discussion James had or heard. The number 7 at the bottom may be a page count or unrelated notation.

Field Book No. 704, pages 115–116

Field Book No. 704, pages 115–116

Transcription:
Left page — Aug the 1 1940 at 11 5/12 min 7 min late — The first Carmushel air Liner to land in Red Bluff Passengers 21. a Crue of 5 — Capt. Cart. Stevens the main Pilot. — The Plain has a wing Speed of 95 feet flys at Speed of 190 miles Per Hour — Rhundalf. Hess. landed his Plain May the 10 1941 and Died Dec the 10 20 1945 he was hanged.<br>Right page — Congress meets in the 77 Congress Jan the 3 on Friday 1941 — The China wall is 1400 miles long. — Vicinitiers in Mexico is Cue Boys. — Mothers Day 1942 will be the 11 — in 17.76 The Population was 4.000.000 in 1941 is 1.30[0.000?]


Notes:
The left page opens with a precise local entry: on 1 August 1940, the first commercial airliner landed in Red Bluff, California, 7 minutes late, at 11:05 A.M., with 21 passengers and a crew of 5, piloted by Captain Cart. Stevens. The plane had a 95-foot wingspan and flew at 190 miles per hour. James recorded this local aviation milestone with characteristic precision.

Then Rudolf Hess, James writes “Rhundalf Hess” who landed his plane in Scotland on 10 May 1941 in a solo unauthorized flight, apparently attempting to negotiate peace. James notes he died 10 December 1945 and was hanged, though Hess was actually sentenced to life imprisonment at Nuremberg and died in 1987. James may have confused him with other Nazi leaders executed at Nuremberg.

The right page records the 77th Congress convening on Friday 3 January 1941. The Great Wall of China is 1,400 miles long. Vaqueros in Mexico are cowboys. Mother’s Day 1942 will be the 11th. The US population was 4,000,000 in 1776 and 130,000,000 in 1941, James tracking the population growth of the nation across 165 years.

Field Book No. 704, pages 117–118

Field Book No. 704, pages 117–118

Transcription:
Left page — [Surveyor’s data only], Right page — [Surveyor’s data only]

Notes:
Both pages are dense surveyor’s data, station numbers, bearings, latitudes, departures, sines, cosines, and distances. James left these pages entirely untouched.

Field Book No. 704, pages 119–120

Field Book No. 704, pages 119–120

Transcription:
Left page — [Surveyor’s data only — faint/largely illegible]<br>Right page — May the 11 1940 1938 — The New Yorks Worlds Fair opened may the 11 1940 — Doctor. Cook who Claimed he found the North Pole in 1908 Died aug the 6 1940 — George Washington maried. mistres Mary H. Cruster She was a widdow

Notes:
The left page has faint surveyor’s data largely illegible in this photograph. The right page has three distinct entries. The New York World’s Fair opened 11 May 1940, this was actually the second season of the 1939–1940 World’s Fair, which reopened on 11 May 1940 after its inaugural 1939 season; the date at the top also shows 1938 which may be a separate earlier notation. Dr. Frederick Cook, who claimed to have reached the North Pole in 1908, a claim disputed by Robert Peary and largely discredited, died 6 August 1940. George Washington married widow Martha Dandridge Custis, James writes her name as Mary H. Cruster, a phonetic approximation of Martha Custis.

Field Book No. 704, pages 121–122

Field Book No. 704, pages 121–122

Transcription:
Left page — Feb the 5 1938 — Mr. James R. Meredith Paid to Mrs. James R. Meredith the Sum of five Dol $5.00 — April the 3 five Dal $5.00 — June the 4 Seven Dal $7.00 — aug. the 4 Seven Dal $7.00 — Nov the 5 five Dal $5.00 — Jan the 4 1939. five Dal $5.00 — March the 5 five Dal $5.00 — May the 5 five Dal $5.00 — July the 6 Seven Dal $7.00 — Sept the 6 Eight Dal $8.00 — Dec the 4 five Dal $5.00 — This Paid on one Wedding Ring. — Etta Meredith<br>Right page — [1941 — Etta Meredith — faint account entries largely illegible — butter and cream entries] 12. / 12. / 60 / [further entries illegible]

Notes:
The left page has personal financial records. Beginning 5 February 1938, James records installment payments to Mrs. Etta Meredith, his own wife, ranging from $5 to $8, made every two months through December 1939. The total comes to $64. The final line reveals the purpose: “This Paid on one Wedding Ring.” Signed Etta Meredith. James was paying for Etta’s wedding ring on an installment plan, recording each payment carefully in the surveyor’s field book, with Etta’s own signature as acknowledgment. They had married in June 1936; he was still paying for her ring two years later.

The right page has a 1941 account header for Etta Meredith with faint entries for butter and cream, suggesting Etta was keeping her own small dairy account in the same journal, but the entries are largely illegible in this photograph.

Field Book No. 704, pages 123–124

Field Book No. 704, pages 123–124

Transcription:
Left page — [Blank]<br>Right page — D. M. Bennett — 141 Eighth Street — New York

Notes:
The left page is blank. The right page has a single address entry: D. M. Bennett, 141 Eighth Street, New York. DeRobigne Mortimer Bennett (1818–1882) was a prominent American freethinker, publisher of the freethought journal “The Truth Seeker,” and founder of the National Liberal League. He was imprisoned under the Comstock Laws for distributing freethought literature. Given James’s sustained theological inquiry throughout the journal, his methodical questioning of biblical authority, divine omnipotence, and institutional religion, it is entirely possible he was familiar with Bennett’s freethought tradition. However, Bennett died decades before James would have been writing in this journal, so this may be a publisher’s address James copied from a publication rather than a personal contact.

Field Book No. 704, pages 125–126

Field Book No. 704, pages 125–126

Transcription:
Left page — March the 6 1941 X — J. R. Meredith Paid Jan the 8 5.00 Feb the Paid 10.00 — March the 7 Paid 5 to Stores — Roffuck and Cash 2.29 cts — Tattle $. 1729 — March the 20 1941 Paid $5.00 with Cooper to Corneal. Lowell paid $B3429 — April the 6 Cash 500 — Ticket to San Rafael 39.29 — 1.80 — 41.09 — 37.58 — 4.59<br>Right page — Oct the 1940 — Mrs Etta Meredith is Mr J. R. Meredith — Dent for Sept Tanks $10.00 — Nov the Cash — Paid on Roofing $12.00 — To wattenberger. — March the 3 Lowell — Etta Meredith $20.00 — $32.00 — The Whilgs was Repuflints — the Torys was Democrats

Notes:
The left page is a personal financial account from early 1941. James records payments through January, February, and March, to stores, to someone named Roffuck, and on 20 March 1941 paying $5 with Cooper to Corneal (Charles Raymond Lowell, paying $34.29 total). A ticket to San Rafael cost $39.29, with running totals showing James carefully tracking his finances. The page is marked with an X at the top, suggesting it was later reviewed or settled.

The right page opens with an October 1940 account in Etta’s name. Payments recorded include $10 for September tanks (likely fuel or water), $12 paid on roofing to someone named Wattenberger, and $20 to Lowell, total $32. The final two lines return to political history: the Whigs were Republicans, the Tories were Democrats, James noting the evolution of American party names from the colonial and early republic era.

Field Book No. 704, pages 127–128

Field Book No. 704, pages 127–128

Transcription:
Left page — The Republican Party was Whig Party up to 1852 Then was James Bucanon the first Republican President — The Democrats was Known as Tory Party. — The Liberty Bell was made in London in the year of 1752 — William Boothe was the founder of the Salvation army in East End Lundon<br>Right page — James R. Meredith’s Father was Born in the year of 1803 in Shanicory Valy V.a his name was James. Meredith — 1941 finds me well and I am very Thankfull. I am in Lakeport Calif.

Notes:
The left page continues the party history notes from page 126, the Republican Party was the Whig Party until 1852, with James Buchanan as the first Republican president (actually Buchanan was a Democrat; Abraham Lincoln was the first Republican president, but James may be conflating the transition period). The Democrats were known as the Tory Party. The Liberty Bell was made in London in 1752, correct, it was cast at the Whitechapel Bell Foundry in London. William Booth founded the Salvation Army in the East End of London, correct, in 1865.

The right page is one of the a revealing entry in the journal. James records his father’s birth in 1803 in Shanicory Valley, Virginia, his name was James Meredith, consistent with the autobiography recorded on pages 85–86. Then a quiet personal statement: “1941 finds me well and I am very Thankfull. I am in Lakeport Calif.” James writing in his seventies, in the middle of a world war, grateful to be alive and well.

Field Book No. 704, pages 129–130

Field Book No. 704, pages 129–130

Transcription:
Left page — March the 1940 — Mrs Lowell is Due — J.R. Meredith Cash $15.00 — Eggs 21. Doz 16.75 — Chicken 6.00 — 75[cents] — Convention at Pa — Windel Louis Wilke was anominated for the Republican President in Chigo Ill The Democrat Convention anominated Pres Roosevelt for Pres. See walis for Vice July the 18 1940<br>Right page — Sacramento Calif one Hundred years old aug the 7 1939 — 17 of Sept 1787 Constitution — China’s 4 of July is Oct the 10 1940 — Old Xmas is Jan the 6 Comes on Sunday Jan the 5 1941

Notes:
The left page opens with a March 1940 financial account: Mrs. Lowell is due, James received $15 cash, sold 21 dozen eggs for $16.75 and chicken for 75 cents. Then the 1940 Republican convention in Philadelphia nominated Wendell Lewis Willkie, while the Democratic convention in Chicago nominated Roosevelt for president with Wallace (James writes “walis”) for vice president on 18 July 1940.

The right page records Sacramento, California celebrating its centennial on 7 August 1939, the city was founded in 1839. The Constitution was signed 17 September 1787, correct. China’s national day is 10 October, the anniversary of the 1911 Wuchang Uprising that launched the Republic of China; James dates this to 1940. Old Christmas falls on 6 January, the traditional Epiphany date, and James notes it falls on Sunday in 1941.

Field Book No. 704, pages 131–132

Field Book No. 704, pages 131–132

Transcription:
Left page — May the 23 1939 USA — Submarene went down and the Cause was a Stuck Valve. 59 men in it. The Squalais may the 24 first men Brought up 7 men — Second 9 — 3 — 9 — 48 Total Saved 33. Lost 26 — Britten sub went down lost 63 men — French Sub Frenett went down losing all men — This in Portsmouth New Hampshire in the Atlantic Ocean. the first Rescue from a Submareen. [bottom] 32 — 27 missing<br>Right page — Jan the 15 1938 Lakeport Calif — James R. Meredith has 4 Children — 27 Gran Children — 29 Grate Gran Children — Se on the other Side. — Langley the first to try a air Plain — the Write Boys first to fly in a motor Plane.

Notes:
The left page records the sinking of the USS Squalus on 23 May 1939, the same disaster James referenced on pages 73–74 when recording the loss of the O-9. Here he gives the fuller account: the cause was a stuck valve, 59 men aboard, the first men brought up on the 24th, total saved 33, lost 26 — accurate figures. He also notes a British submarine losing 63 men and a French submarine (the Phenix) going down with all hands, all in Portsmouth, New Hampshire waters, though the British and French losses were separate incidents. James calls this the first rescue from a submarine, the Squalus rescue was indeed a landmark in submarine rescue history.

The right page is another significant personal entry dated 15 January 1938 in Lakeport: James R. Meredith has 4 children, 27 grandchildren, and 29 great-grandchildren. Then two aviation pioneers: Samuel Langley, who was first to attempt powered flight, and the Wright Brothers, who were first to successfully fly a motor plane, James correctly distinguishing between the attempt and the achievement.

Field Book No. 704, pages 133–134

Field Book No. 704, pages 133–134

Transcription:
Left page — Jan the 16 1938 Lakeport Calif — R.L.R.’s Gran Children — Bulah has Boys Mary has 4 — anny has 6 — Edith has 2 — Orson has 2 — R.L.R has Children 5 — Total 14 — Jack. R. Children — Hobert. Milo is one Paul is Hairs and Baby Jack — 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 — Total 5 — Tom. R. Children — Virginia 1 Wborn 1 Jala 1 Sydney 1 Carma 1 Howard 1 — Total 6 — Fanny. R. has Florence Tillim. Cathuren. Jimmie Virginia. Billie. Arvil albert arthur Fillis — Total 10 — R.L.R. has Children no. 5<br>Right page — The Pilgrims Came over may 16.20 — Life PAYMENTS ACT — was Presented to God above 1000000 Peticions asking for a Special Election May the 18 1939 in Sacramento Calif — independence Signed July the 4 in 17.76 — Wiley Post was Killed with Will Rogers

Notes:
The left page is a detailed family census in the journal, dated 16 January 1938. James is counting his grandchildren through his children Robert Leonard Ross (R.L.R.), Jack Ross, Tom Ross, and Fanny Ross. Bulah has boys, Mary has 4, Anny has 6, Edith has 2, Orson has 2, totaling 14 grandchildren through Robert’s line. Jack’s children include Hobert, Milo, Paul, and Baby Jack, 5 total. Tom’s children: Virginia, one born, Jala, Sydney, Carma, Howard, 6 total. Fanny’s children: Florence, Tillim, Catherine, Jimmie, Virginia, Billie, Arvil, Albert, Arthur, Fillis, 10 total. This cross-references the 27 grandchildren recorded on the previous page.

The right page notes the Pilgrims came over in May 1620. The Life Payments Act, the Townsend Plan, a Depression-era old age pension scheme, gathered over one million petition signatures calling for a special election on 18 May 1939 in Sacramento. Independence signed 4 July 1776. Wiley Post was killed with Will Rogers, in the plane crash at Point Barrow, Alaska on 15 August 1935, noted elsewhere in the journal.

Field Book No. 704, pages 135–136

Field Book No. 704, pages 135–136

Transcription:
Left page — Amelia ahart dropped out of Sight in 1937 — X X X — McDonald Purgied testimony Sent Mooney to Prison 4 years later on his Death Bed. Said he had Swore falce on Mooney — Chamberlin went to Rome Jan the 10 1939 was there 4 days — Hitler Taken Che[c]ko Slovsack March the 14 1939<br>Right page — King. the George and Elisebeth Come Home to U.S.A June the 8 1939 the first Ever To tour the U.S.A. — Churchhill is a Singles Jew. — Ma[?] M[?] on the Toom of the unknown Soldier at Arlington Va

Notes:
The left page opens with Amelia Earhart dropping out of sight in 1937, her disappearance over the Pacific on 2 July 1937 during her attempted circumnavigation. The three X marks suggest James found this entry significant. Then the McDonald/Mooney entry, connecting to the Tom Mooney case recorded on pages 55–56: McDonald purified his testimony, having sent Mooney to prison, and on his deathbed confessed he had sworn falsely against Mooney. Chamberlain went to Rome on 10 January 1939 and was there four days, one of his diplomatic missions. Hitler took Czechoslovakia on 14 March 1939, the occupation of the Czech state.

The right page records King George VI and Queen Elizabeth visiting the United States in June 1939, the first reigning British monarchs ever to tour the USA. Churchill is called a Singles Jew, James apparently heard or read a claim about Churchill’s ancestry. The bottom entries mention a tomb or ceremony at Arlington, Virginia, apparently at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, but the entries are partially cut off.

Field Book No. 704, pages 137–138

Field Book No. 704, pages 137–138

Transcription:
Left page — Eggs Sold $3 — Doz 3 66cts 2.70 — Feb the 20 1940 — Plowing $20 — 1 day — 21 1 day — 22 — 23 — 24 — Roy Williams was Killed July the 15 1940 in a Car Mishap<br>Right page — the 7 King Edward Give up his King Ship To his Bro. King George the 6 — Will Lowell Due J.R. Meredith Cash — $15.00 — Eggs march the 16 1940 3.00 — Doz 21. 15 Ch. Ro. Doz 18.75 — one Chicken 75 — 21 / 15 / 105 / 215 / 3.15 / 75 — Due yet 3.90 — Joe Louis’s wife name is Marvy. Trater

Notes:
The left page records egg sales, 3 dozen at 66 cents, total $2.70, and plowing work on 20 and 21 February 1940 at $20 per day. Roy Williams was killed in a car accident on 15 July 1940, a local community member James was tracking.

The right page opens with King Edward VIII abdicating, giving up his kingship to his brother King George VI. Then a financial account: C.R. Lowell owed James $15 cash, plus egg and chicken sales on 16 March 1940, with a running total showing $3.90 still due. The final entry records Joe Louis’s wife’s name as Marvy Trater, Joe Louis married Marva Trotter in 1935; James renders her name phonetically as Marvy Trater.

Field Book No. 704, pages 139–140

Field Book No. 704, pages 139–140

Transcription:
Left page — Aug the 15 1939 9.30 PM — Train Reck in Nevada Killing 23 injured 108 — Hitler’s army Struck at Poland. Sept the 1 1939 — Sept the 2 in Poland — France Started in war 2 PM Sept the 3 1939 and England Too — The longest word in the Dictionary Smiles. the first is S. the last is S and a mile in the Middle<br>Right page — The Whigs was what is now Republicans — the Torys was what is now Democrats. — F. H. Shoemaker. Spoke for Ham and Eggs — Thomas B Shoemaker was the Gov. Lawyer against Bridges in San Francisco — The first Thanks Given Day was aug 16 1621 — F.D. Roosevelt Changed it from The last Thursday to nov. 23 30

Notes:
The left page opens with a Nevada train wreck on 15 August 1939 at 9:30 PM, killing 23 and injuring 108. Then James records the opening of World War II in real time: Hitler struck Poland 1 September 1939, France entered the war at 2 PM on 3 September 1939, and England too. Then a well-known wordplay joke, the longest word in the dictionary is smiles because there is a mile between the first and last letter.

The right page continues the party history notes. F.H. Shoemaker spoke for Ham and Eggs, the California Ham and Eggs pension initiative that appeared on the 1938 and 1939 ballots. Thomas B. Shoemaker was the government lawyer against Harry Bridges in San Francisco, the longshore union leader whose deportation trial was a major labor and political event of the era. The first Thanksgiving was 16 August 1621, James has the date slightly off. Roosevelt changed Thanksgiving from the last Thursday to the 23rd or 30th of November, James recording the Thanksgiving date controversy of 1939–1941 when Roosevelt moved the holiday to the third Thursday to extend the Christmas shopping season.

Field Book No. 704, pages 141–142

Field Book No. 704, pages 141–142

Transcription:
Left page — Districts — Congressional 1 st — Assembly 5 st — Senatorial the 14 — Mount Whitney is the Highest Point in USA — John Wickleft first Translated the Bible — Birth of the Constitution of the USA 1788 June the 21 — Huse Flew to Paris in 16 38 Min Hours 16 min 38 Landed July the 11 — 1938<br>Right page — Lin Burg was 33 Hours 30 min There was no air mail until 1918 — June the 29 1939 — Mr. Willis Owens was Killed by a Car as he Stept off a Street Car — Mrs. Hanna Willson is the wife of Jack. Dempsy — The natshinial flaur is the Golden Rod

Notes:
The left page opens with James’s voting districts, Congressional 1st, Assembly 5th, Senatorial 14th, placing him in Lake County’s electoral precincts. Mount Whitney is the highest point in the USA, correct. John Wycliffe first translated the Bible, correct, in the 14th century. The Constitution was born 21 June 1788, the date New Hampshire became the ninth state to ratify, making it official. Then someone named Huse flew to Paris in 16 hours 38 minutes, landing 11 July 1938.

The right page notes Lindbergh’s transatlantic flight took 33 hours 30 minutes, and there was no airmail until 1918. On 29 June 1939, Mr. Willis Owens was killed by a car as he stepped off a streetcar, a local or regional news item James recorded. Mrs. Hanna Wilson is the wife of Jack Dempsey, Dempsey’s second wife was Estelle Taylor, and his third was Hannah Williams; James writes her as Hanna Willson. The national flower is the Golden Rod, goldenrod was a popular candidate for national flower in this era though never officially adopted.

Field Book No. 704, pages 143–144

Field Book No. 704, pages 143–144

Transcription:
Left page — Jan the 1938 Etta Bill of Grub — pan cake 60 Mush 29 Tumble 15 — 22 — 25 — [totals] 60 / 29 / 15 / 104 / 100 / 44 — 2.48 — Work for Mr. Russell — April the 25 1938 — 26 Hours 7 — 26 Hours 7 — 27 Hours 5 — 29 Hours 6 — May the 17 1938 — 2 Hours 4 $10. — Mr. Hazle — May the 16 1934 — 6 Hours 9 — 9 Hours 9 / 10 — 10 — 11 Hours 10 — $13.30 — Total 14.90<br>Right page — Jan the 1938 Grub Bill — Jan the 11 Bacon 39 ct Bred 10 Sugar 8 — 17 — Lard 67 — 19 Bread Bacon 33 — 10 / 16 — 25 Tilley Paper — 6 — 29 Bread Soda buter warts — 25 / 39 — 1.56 — multon — 105 — 11 — 100 — The State of Nebraska is State midway between Atlantic ocean and To Pacific — [account totals] 35 / 29 / 40 / 315 / 1065 / 15 — 1330 / 10 15 — 147

Notes:
The left page records Etta’s grocery bill from January 1938, pancakes, mush, and tumble (possibly a baked good) totaling $2.48. Then James’s work record for Mr. Russell in April–May 1938, logging hours each day at approximately $10 total. Then work for Mr. Hazle in May 1934, notably an earlier date, confirming James was using the book non-sequentially, logging hours from the 6th through the 11th, totaling $13.30 and then $14.90.

The right page is Etta’s detailed January 1938 grocery bill: bacon, bread, sugar, lard, bread, bacon again, toilet paper, bread, soda, butter, mutton, a window into their weekly household expenses in Lakeport. The total works out to approximately $1.56 plus additional items. Then a geographical fact: Nebraska is the state midway between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, followed by more account totals.

Field Book No. 704, pages 145–146

Field Book No. 704, pages 145–146

Transcription:
Left page — Jan the 22 1938 — Joe Hyman — 22 — he droped dead. That night — Flud no 3 Feb the 13 1938 — Presidents droped their first names — President Willson name was Herman. Willson — John. Calvin. Coolidge — Mr. and Mrs. James R. Meredith Spent Thanks Givin at Home alone. Lakeport Calif 1938 — Nov the 25 — Evelyn Collier 710 L St Sac<br>Right page — [Printed surveyor’s reference table — Tangents and Externals to a 1° Curve — pre-printed in the field book, not James’s writing]

Notes:
The left page opens with Joe Hyman dropping dead on 22 January 1938, a local Lakeport community member. Flood No. 3 on 13 February 1938, the third in the series of California floods James tracked that winter. Then a note on presidents dropping their first names, Woodrow Wilson’s full name was Thomas Woodrow Wilson, and James correctly notes John Calvin Coolidge used his middle name Calvin. A personal entry: James and Etta spent Thanksgiving 1938 at home alone in Lakeport on 25 November, a quiet counterpoint to the Christmas entries showing them with C.R. Lowell. Finally Evelyn Collier’s address, 710 L Street, Sacramento, confirming the address recorded in the photographs tucked into the front of the journal.

The right page is the pre-printed Tangents and Externals to a 1° Curve reference table, printed in the field book by the A. Lietz Company. This is manufacturer’s content, not James’s writing.


James Thomas Ross/Meredith acquired a surveyor’s field book sometime in the mid-1930s and used it for the rest of his life. He was not a surveyor. The traverse data, bearings, and station distances already filling many pages when he got it were none of his doing. He simply opened the book wherever he found space and wrote whatever was on his mind. The result is one of the most complete portraits of a working-class American mind in the Depression and World War II era that a family archive is likely to yield.

The journal spans roughly 1934 to 1946, with the heaviest concentration of entries from 1937 to 1942. James was living in Lakeport, California for most of this period, having come to California in November 1930 after decades in West Virginia, Idaho, and Oregon. He was in his late sixties and seventies. He received his first old age assistance payment, $35, on 14 January 1938, the same month he bought a Jersey cow for $50 and began selling milk and butter to neighbors. He operated a small dairy with multiple customers through much of 1938, recording every transaction: 10 cents a quart to Mrs. Russell, 10 cents a day to Mr. Vandudon, butter to Mrs. McCutchon at 18 cents a pound. He worked as a day laborer for C.R. Lowell in August and September 1944 at $3.33 per day, recording each day in the same careful columns. He was 74 years old.

The journal is also a family record. On page 7 James wrote down his own birth year, 1869 or 1868, Pulaski County, Virginia, hedging even on that. Pages 85 and 86 contain his autobiography in miniature: his name at birth was James Thomas Ross; when adopted by his father James Meredith, the court made his name James Ross Meredith; everyone called him Ross. His mother was Nancy Adline Ross, born July 1843 in Newbern, Pulaski, Virginia, died 1924 in Radford, Montgomery County. His father James Meredith was born 1803 and died 17 February 1889. He confirmed the dual-surname situation that had puzzled the family genealogy for generations, recording that he signed papers as Ross and as Meredith and both were accepted, because the attorney knew the two names belonged to the same man.

The family entries accumulate across dozens of pages. On 16 January 1938 James counted: four children, 27 grandchildren, 29 great-grandchildren. He listed the grandchildren by family line, Robert’s five children had 14 grandchildren between them, Fanny’s ten children appear by name. He recorded Robert Leonard Ross leaving after an 18-day Christmas visit in December 1937, Eugene Dale Ross Sr. visiting in February 1938. He noted Evelyn Collier’s Sacramento address, 710 L Street, the same Evelyn whose photographs he had tucked into the front of the book. He paid for Etta’s wedding ring on installment, $5 to $8 every two months from February 1938 through December 1939, a total of $64, with Etta signing in acknowledgment. They had been married since June 1936. He was still paying.

The war years run through nearly every page. James followed the news with the attention of a man who had lived through the Spanish-American War, the First World War, and the Depression and knew that history happened to ordinary people. He recorded the sinking of the Squalus in May 1939, the fall of Poland in September 1939, the fall of France and Paris in June 1940, Hitler’s invasion of Russia in June 1941, Pearl Harbor implied in the shift in tone of subsequent entries, the shelling of Fort Stevens on the Oregon Coast in June 1942, the Italian armistice, Roosevelt’s death in April 1945, Patton’s death in December 1945, Hirohito’s renunciation of divinity on 30 December 1945. He tracked the Tripartite Pact, Bulgaria joining the Axis, the Destroyers for Bases Agreement, Wendell Willkie’s nomination, Roosevelt’s four elections and death. He noted Reed Smoot’s death in Florida in February 1941. He recorded his own age, 76, in his eulogy for Roosevelt, signed 13 April 1945 in San Rafael, California, calling him a wonderful good man, a man of feeling, and placing him at the head of all presidents.

The theological inquiry running from pages 45 through 113 is the most unexpected and sustained writing in the journal. James worked through the Bible the way he worked through everything, methodically, with citations, inviting the reader to draw their own conclusions. He catalogued contradictions between the Gospels on nearly every major event: the flight into Egypt versus the presentation in Jerusalem, the number of women at the sepulcher, the hour of the crucifixion, what Christ was given to drink, who killed him, where he ascended. He listed Old Testament laws on slavery, human sacrifice, and the killing of children and asked whether the reader would want to live under them. He argued that if God made everything he made Satan, and if he is all-powerful why did he not simply make all men good. He cited Judges 1:19, God could not drive out the people of the valley because they had chariots of iron, as proof that God is not omnipotent. He compared Jehovah to the Japanese Emperor Hirohito, who admitted his divinity was a fake. He closed with Pries Craft. And yet he had declared at the outset, on page 47, that we are forbidden to put our own interpretation on scripture, we must accept it as written by men directed by God. He was not rejecting the Bible. He was reading it exactly as written, and asking what it actually said.

The journal ends where it began, with pre-printed surveyor’s tables, the manufacturer’s content that gave the book its original purpose. In between are Etta’s grocery bills, a recipe for curing meat, the World Series inning by inning, the day Chamberlain flew to see Hitler, the day James first received his old age pension, his philosophy stated plainly: I believe in working in stead of weeping. Take Things as they Come with a Smile. Do all the Good you Can to others. and you will be happy. The last Christmas dinner he and Etta had together was in San Rafael in 1945. They had turkey. She died 21 February 1946 in Phoenix. They had lived together 9 years and 7 months.

It is a working man’s record. But it is his voice, in his hand, and it is more than this researcher has ever had before.

Sons of Joseph and Isabella Carlisle

Standing (l-r): Frank Carlisle, Harve Carlisle. Sitting: Fred Carlisle, Joe Carlisle, Jim Carlisle.

I thought I would share this photo because I have it and do not know how many others do. This is the five sons of Isabella Sharp and Joseph Carlisle. Isabella is the sister to my William Sharp, who I have written about previously at this link: Sharp-Bailey Wedding. Here are some of the details of the family, but I do not really know much more. They have a pretty large family with plenty of family historians so I will let them write the Carlisle history (which I know they have probably already done).

Joseph Carlisle was born 21 July 1826 in Sherwood on the Hill, Nottinghamshire, England and died 17 March 1912 in Millcreek, Salt Lake, Utah.

Isabella Sharp was born in December 1831 in Misson, Nottinghamshire, England and died 29 March 1904 in Millcreek, Salt Lake, Utah. Her christening record, dated January 1832, establishes 1831 as her birth year. Both her Deseret News obituary and the In Memoriam published at the time of her death recorded her birth date as 21 December 1832 — the year is contradicted by the christening record, and whether the day was the 21st or 22nd remains to be confirmed by further research. Her parents were Thomas Sharp and Elizabeth Cartwright Sharp. If you search her brother, mentioned above, you can read more about her parents and family.

Misson is a small village and civil parish in Nottinghamshire, England, situated on the River Idle approximately one and a half miles from the Yorkshire boundary and three miles east-northeast of Bawtry. The village’s ancient name appears in historical records as “Mysen” or “Misne,” both of Danish origin, suggesting the area was first settled by Danes who came up the Trent valley to Gainsborough and then followed the River Idle inland. Until 1886 the parish straddled the Nottinghamshire-Lincolnshire boundary, when it was ordered placed entirely within the Bassetlaw division of Nottinghamshire. It was in this quiet fenland village, near the meeting point of three counties, that Isabella Sharp was born.

The Sharp family emigrated to America aboard the ship James Pennell, which sailed from Liverpool on 2 October 1850 under the direction of Christopher Layton and William L. Cutler, carrying 291 Latter-day Saint passengers. After a difficult voyage that included a severe storm near the mouth of the Mississippi that disabled the ship and nearly exhausted the provisions on board, the James Pennell arrived at New Orleans on 23 November 1850. The passengers then continued up the Mississippi River to St. Louis, where they found employment and shelter for the winter. The passenger manifest confirms Elizabeth Cartwright Sharp (age 45), William Sharp (age 24), Isabella Sharp (age 19), Elizabeth Sharp (age 26), and James Sharp (age 10) all traveled together on this voyage. The account of the voyage is preserved at Saints by Sea.

Isabella’s mother, Elizabeth Cartwright Sharp, died in St. Louis on 17 February 1851, just months after their arrival. Isabella remained in St. Louis, was baptized into the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, and married Joseph Carlisle there on 18 May 1853. That same month her brother William departed St. Louis with the Moses Clawson Company, arriving in Salt Lake Valley in September 1853. Joseph and Isabella followed, also traveling with the Moses Clawson Company, and settled first in Millcreek, Salt Lake County.

The Deseret News of 31 March 1904 reported her passing under the headline “Early Settler Dead: Mrs. Isabella S. Carlisle Goes the Way of All the Just.” The notice recorded that she was born in Misson, England, 21 December 1832, emigrated to Utah in 1851 [she arrived in America in November 1850 but did not reach Utah until September 1853], and passed away at her home in Mill Creek on Tuesday last after a well-spent life of nearly 72 years. She became a member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in 1850 and endured with patience and fortitude all the hardships incident to the settlement of these valleys. The funeral was held from the Mill Creek Ward house on Friday at 12 o’clock noon.

An In Memoriam published at the same time recorded that Sister Carlisle was one of the first to join the Relief Society when it was organized in the ward in 1863, and was a great support to it financially. She served as presiding teacher in the third district for twenty-one years, and as first counselor in the Primary Association, third district. She was honorably released by Bishop James C. Hamilton. The funeral was held at the Mill Creek Ward house, where a large concourse of friends met to pay their last respects, Bishop Hamilton presiding. She was interred in the Mill Creek Cemetery.

In December 1933, three of Isabella’s sons — Joseph R. Carlisle, James S. Carlisle, and Harvey C. Carlisle — wrote to LDS Church President Heber J. Grant requesting reinstatement by proxy of their Uncle William Sharp and his wife Mary Ann Sharp, who had been excommunicated from the Church on 31 January 1879. President Grant consented by letter dated 16 December 1933, authorizing proxy baptism and, if applicable, restoration of endowments and sealing through Elder George F. Richards, President of the Salt Lake Temple. The letter was addressed care of Mrs. James S. Thompson — confirming that Annie Thompson, whose 1957 history of Elizabeth Cartwright Sharp appears elsewhere on Sagacity, was the daughter of James S. Carlisle.

Joseph and Isabella were married 18 May 1853 in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri.

Joseph Richard Carlisle was born 19 December 1854 in Millcreek and died 2 April 1935 in Salt Lake City. He married Lily Naomi Titcomb 29 November 1883 in Salt Lake City in the Endowment House.

Isabella Jane Carlisle was born 12 April 1857 in Salt Lake City and died 1 April 1928 in Salt Lake City. She married Joseph William Walters 3 January 1875 in the Endowment House.

Thomas Matthew Carlisle was born 12 April 1857 in Salt Lake City and died 10 March 1869 in Millcreek.

James Sharp Carlisle was born 4 September 1859 in Millcreek and died 2 December 1938 in Millcreek. He married Keturah White 11 February 1885 in Logan, Cache, Utah in the Logan Temple.

Ezra Taylor Carlisle was born 14 August 1861 in Millcreek and died 12 February 1862 in Millcreek.

Elizabeth Ann Carlisle was born 24 November 1862 in Millcreek and died 6 November 1881 in Millcreek. She was engaged to marry John Calder Mackay and obviously died before that marriage could take place. On 21 December 1881 in St. George, Washington, Utah Isabella performed Elizabeth’s eternal ordinances in the St. George Temple. Isabella also stood in as proxy as Elizabeth was sealed to John Mackay, who accompanied Isabella to St. George.

William Frederick Carlisle was born 14 November 1864 in Millcreek and died 5 January 1922 in Millcreek. He married Sarah Ann Rogers 23 December 1897 in the Salt Lake Temple.

Harvey Cartwright Carlisle was born 22 September 1866 in Millcreek and died 3 July 1935 in Holladay, Salt Lake, Utah. He married Lucy Carline Cahoon 21 January 1891 in the Logan Temple. After her death he married Amelia Annie Towler 16 January 1901 in the Salt Lake Temple. After her death he married Emily Steven McDonald 19 July 1923 in the Salt Lake Temple.

Herbert Towle Carlisle was born 23 August 1868 in Millcreek and died 25 October 1870 in Millcreek.

Orman Carlisle was born 8 May 1871 in Millcreek and died 9 May 1871 in Millcreek.

Carrie Brown Carlisle was born 18 November 1872 in Millcreek and died 15 July 1873 in Millcreek.

Ether Franklin Carlisle was born 11 September 1873 in Millcreek and died 4 May 1915 in Salt Lake City. He married Maude Miller Harman 10 November 1897 in the Salt Lake Temple.

Rosamond Pearl Carlisle was born 29 July 1875 in Millcreek and died 13 June 1921 in Murray, Salt Lake, Utah. She married Uriah George Miller 19 February 1902 in the Salt Lake Temple.

The family certainly lost quite a few children. But all those who lived to marry did so in an LDS temple, or its equivalent at the time.

For more on the Sharp family and Plain City’s founding generation, see:

Sharp-Bailey Wedding — William Sharp and Mary Ann Bailey
Elizabeth Cartwright Sharp — Isabella’s mother, written by Annie Thompson
James Sharp — Isabella’s brother who remained in St. Louis
Early Settlers in Lehi, Utah, before Plain City, Utah — Wayne E. Clark’s research including William Sharp (no. 68)
History of Plain City — Plain City’s founding families

Written by Fred Nuffer for 1938 Cornerstone at USU

Old Main at Utah State Agricultural College (USU now), Logan, Utah, about 1900. The iconic front and tower were build in 1902.  Fred Nuffer provided 3,000 feet of cut stone for the construction of the south wing.

From Utah State’s Facility Planning.

“Old Main is the landmark of Utah State University and remains the oldest academic building still in use in the state of Utah.  In 1889, plans for “The College Building” by C. L. Thompson were selected by the Board of Trustees just two weeks after the land for the Logan campus was secured. The site was chosen the next day so that the main tower would be due east of the end of Logan’s Seventh Street —Today’s Fifth North.  Construction began immediately on the south wing of the three -part building and was completed in 1890.

“With more money appropriated in 1892 than anticipated, the Trustees hired [K]arl C. Schaub to redesign an enlarged structure and the construction began for the east part of the central section and the north wing.  It wasn’t until 1901 that the money was assured for the completion of the building. The front portion along with the tower was completed in 1902 with the design of H. H. Mahler.

Fred Nuffer provided his own contribution to the construction of the south wing of Utah State’s Old Main.  Another interesting side link, Karl Conrad Schaub’s widowed mother married Fred’s father, John Christoph Nuffer.  She was Anna Maria Alker who married him Conrad Schaub who left her widowed in 1894.  Fred Nuffer provided stone, Karl provided design.  Karl and Fred’s brother, John were friends and worked on buildings together.

Another entry from “We of Johann Christoph Nuffer, also known as: Neuffer, Nufer, Neufer,” The book was published in April 1990 by Dabco Printing and Binding Co in Roy, Utah. I will quote from the book itself.

The full title of this article from the book was named, “WRITTEN BY FRED NUFFER AT REQUEST OF OFFICIALS OF UTAH STATE AGRICULTURAL COLLEGE TO BE ENCLOSED IN CORNER STONE LAID IN 1938, TO BE OPENED IN 1988, THE 100th ANNIVERSARY OF THE COLLEGE.”

Utah State was founded in 1888.  It appears that the cornerstone was opened at 50 years in 1938 and a new cornerstone was sealed to be opened in 1988.  As Fred Nuffer was involved with some of the construction of the campus, he was requested to write for the cornerstone.  This was the original part of Old Main, south wing, of what is now Utah State University in Logan, Utah.

“I will recount in detail, as I remember it, the work done by myself and others in supplying stone for the construction of the Utah State Agricultural College buildings in Logan, Utah.

“In the year of 1891-1892, I made contract with Mr. Venables of Ogden to deliver about 3,000 cubic feet of cut stone.  Mr. Venables had previously tried to get the stone somewhere south of the valley, but found the stone unsuitable, and the party could not fill the order.  As I had furnished stone for several buildings in Logan, Mr. Venables came up to see me.  I lived near the quarry at that time.  He inspected the quarry and pronounced the stone suitable and gave me a contract to fill the order.  The quarry was located about ten miles up Cub River Canyon from Franklin, Idaho, on the left side slope going up the river, on a small tributary creek of Cub River called Sheep Creek.

“All work was done by hand.  The main ledge was about 20 feet above ground and about 20 feet wide and 400 to 500 feet long.  We used 12 foot churn drills and blasted large black loose from the main ledge.  We had to be careful how much powder we used so as not to shatter or cause seams in the stone.  We usually had to put a second charge in the opening made by the first charge to dislodge the block from the main ledge.  The block so dislodged was from 6 to 7 feet thick and about 20 feet long.  From then on, all tools used were hammers, axes, wedges, and squares.  Grooves were cut with axes wherever we desired to split the block, then wedges were set in the grooves about ten inches apart and driven in with hammers.  Then we dressed them down to the right measurement allowing one half inch for the stone cutters to take out all the tool marks we made.  Mr. Venables furnished bills for stone in dimension sizes as needed in the building.

“My brother, C[harles]. A[ugust]. Nuffer, worked on the job the whole time it lasted.  I also had a man by the name of Ed Hollingsworth of Preston, also Mr. A. Merrill and Mr. Abel Smart of Cub River, and Mr. Robert Weber of Providence.

“It took part of two years for the job, 1891-1892.  The hauling was all done with wagons and horses: 30 to 35 cubic feet was a good load for two horses.  The following names were the men doing the hauling: John McDonald of Smithfield, Jean Weber of Providence, and Jake Rinderknecht of Providence hauled more than any other.  He used to leave home at 3 a.m., load up the same day and get back to Logan by 3 p.m. the next day.  It was very hard on the horses.  I also hauled a good many loads with my own team.  All loading was done by hand on skids.

“I got 40¢ per cubic foot, of which 20¢ was paid for hauling.  We had a hard time handling the name stone to go on the front of the building.  When it was ordered it had 30 cubic feet in it and only one foot thick.  When the stonecutters got through with it they had found it too big to be hoisted in place so they made it smaller until there wasn’t much left.

“The most difficulty I had was in not getting my pay from Mr. Venables.  We overlooked a large 4-horse load at the final settlement.  A few minutes after I had signed the receipt for the final payment in full I discovered my mistake.  Mr. Venables refused to pay for it, although I produced the bill of lading signed by him.  He didn’t dispute the debt, but said he had a receipt paid in full.  He didn’t have anything, and the government property couldn’t be attached, so I was the loser of about $15, which seemed a lot of money to me at that time.

“by Fred Nuffer, Sr.

The Story of My Life by Fred Nuffer

Georg Friedrich Nuffer in early 1950s

Another entry from “We of Johann Christoph Nuffer, also known as: Neuffer, Nufer, Neufer,” The book was published in April 1990 by Dabco Printing and Binding Co in Roy, Utah. I will quote from the book itself.

“Being in my 80th year and inclined to reflection I have a desire to put in writing some of the events of my life.  My memory is very clear, even back to the earliest years, and consequently few happenings are left out.  For this reason I am able to go into detail beyond which might be expected.

“I was born January 20, 1864, in the little city of [Neuffen], County of Nurtingen, State of Wuerttemberg, Germany.  My mother died when I was about 2.  I have one brother, John, a year older than myself, still living (1943).  Father married against so we were raised by a stepmother.  She was a very sincere and Christian woman and a good mother.  In 1870, when I was 6, I started in school and graduated from 8th grade in 1878.  When I was 14, my father bound me over to learn the trade of glazier and carpenter to a man by the name of Christian Selter in Stuttgart, the capital of Wuerttemberg.  I didn’t learn much the first two years as I had to do all of the errands throughout the city until a younger boy took my place so I could stay in the shop.

“In 1880, my parents were converted by the Mormon missionaries and wanted to emigrate to Utah.  Stuttgart was about 20 miles from Neuffen.  I received a letter from Father asking if I wanted to go with them.  I did, but my master would not release me.  The folks had to come through Stuttgart on their way, so I started to smuggle my things away and intended to join them.  My master found my trunk empty and suspected my intentions so he offered to let me go for 200 Marks.  I told Father and and he sent the money.  I doubt if my master could have held me by force as I was under age.  Three other families emigrated at the same time from the same town.

“From Stuttgart we went to Mannheim, down the Rhine River, to Rotterdam, then cross the North Sea to Grimsley, England.  From there we went to New York and then to Logan, Utah.  Father bought a house and lot in Providence, a suburb of Logan.

Young Fred Nuffer

“The first summer I went to work for a man named Oslob painting houses for 25¢ a day and board.  All he did was take the jobs and mix the paint.  In the fall, he sent me home and the next spring he offered me 40¢ if I would come back.  I told him I had something better.

“There was a man by the name of Thomas Ricks in Logan who had a contract to lay the rails from Dillon, Montana, to Butte City on the Utah and Northern narrow gauge line.  I asked for a job, although I was only a kid.  But he took me with him and gave me a job dropping spikes along the rails.  I got 75¢ per day and board.  I learned the English language very fast that summer as I got away from the German people.

“Dillon, at that time, was the terminus of the U & N.  It was a very small village.  By fall we got to Silver Bow, 7 miles from Butte.  I grew very fast that summer and was promoted to bolting the rails together on one side, and my wages raised  to $1.05 per day.  It was late fall and winter had started, but we had to get to Butte with the track.  The last 4 miles laid we had to shovel a foot of snow off the grade.  We got the Butte on Christmas Day, and it was the first railroad to that city.

“Mr. Ricks also had a grading job on a railroad along the Jefferson River.  He sent a crew of 6 men over there with a team.  I asked him to let me go along but he said I was too young.  It was about 75 miles south of Butte over a range of mountains.  When the wagons were loaded and they were ready to start, I crawled under the tarp and went with them.  When we got out about 8 miles, I showed myself but they couldn’t do anything about it.  We had a large horse tied to the hind end of the wagon.  He broke loose and ran back toward the camp at Butte.  I, being a boy, was sent back to catch him.  They thought that would be a good way to get me back to camp.

“In fact, I was the cause of the horse breaking loose.  I chased the horse all the way back to camp, caught him, put a bridle on him without anyone noticing me, and started after the wagon again.  I had never ridden a horse.  He was quite frisky and I fell off several times and had to find a high place to get back on.  I didn’t catch the wagon, but got off on the wrong road and landed in a wood camp.  They told me the road was about 10 miles east.  I started out over rough ground and got on the right road.  At that point the road started through a canyon.  There was much snow and ice on the road as it was between Christmas and New Year’s.  It was getting late and was very cold.  I had to keep going to keep from freezing to death.

“About 12 miles further, that night, I came to the halfway house and found the wagon and men.  They had just gotten there ahead of me and were in the house talking.  They also had had a hard time pushing the wagon up the hills through the snow.  I gave them a good cussing for not waiting for me.  I guess it sounded funny in my broken English.  They said they thought the boss would keep me at Butte.  They couldn’t understand how I ever got through, it being so cold.

“The next day we came to our camp on the Jefferson River.  My job was to drive two single dump carts out of a deep cut.  I took one out and dumped it while 4 men loaded another with shovels.  The men were kind to me and corrected my speech whenever I didn’t pronounce words right.  We worked there until spring when the projected suddenly was stopped from headquarters.  The road was completed some years later.  We went back to Dillon by team from there.  With the advent of the railroad, Dillon had grown fast and had become a division.  I took the train back to Providence, Utah.

“As soon as I got home, I went to work for the Jessop brothers, Tom and Tet.  They were railroad grading contractors.  Their campe was located where Lava Hot Springs is built now, in Idaho.  I became a night herder.  My job was to take the horses and mules out on the range in the evening and come back with them at 6 a.m. in time for the teams to start the day’s work.  I got $1.75 per day and rode my own horse.  The next two years I spent most of my time in the saddle.

“I began to master the English language.  I seldom heard German spoken during this time.  This was the spring of 1882.  In this campe, I had a pal of my age by the name of Mark Golightly.  He was a nephew of Joe Golightly of Preston and a near relative of Mr. Jessop, my boss.  He was a privileged character in camp and didn’t have to do anything if he didn’t want to.  He claimed to be a fast foot racer and kept bantering me for a race.  I finally told him I’d run if he accepted my distance.  He said he would run any distance.  I named the distance between our two camps, about 2 miles apart.  I put up my saddle and $15.  He put up a new $40 shotgun.  There was a great commotion in camp when the men heard of it.  They wanted to go right after dinner so they could all see us start.  Some called me a darn fool and said Mark was a professional foot racer.  But after we got started they all bet something on one or the other.  A man went along on horseback.  I had my mind made up to win.  I made it in 14 minutes, Mark in 25 minutes.  Mr. Jessop said I shouldn’t take the gun from the boy.  I said all right, I didn’t want it, but Mark made me take it saying that I had won it fair.

“Our next move was to McCammon on the U & N coming up from the south.  The road we were working was the Oregon Short Line, starting from Granger, Wyoming, and running west through Idaho to Oregon.  McCammon was the western-most point in the construction.  We pitched our camp where the depot now stands.  I got acquainted with the late H.O. Harkness who owned all the land around McCammon and a hotel and saloon.  He had the land fenced for about 3 miles square.  He had put a gate on the further side and wanted me to drive the herd outside every night, but by the time the herd got feeding close to the fence it was time to lead them back to camp since I had to be back so early.  The land was all sagebrush and greasewood and he did no farming at all.  Harkness tried to raise the devil with my boss, insisting on me going outside, but I never did.  Thirty years after this happened, I met Harkness at McCammon.  He was sitting on the porch of his hotel in a rocking chair.  He had aged and was fat.  He didn’t know me but when I told him I was Jessop’s night herder he shook hands and was very friendly.  I asked him if he remembered when I refused to take the herd outside of his land.  He said, “Well, I ‘ll tell you, the land wasn’t mine.”  He called his man, told him to hitch up the cart and took me all over his land, showed me his crops.  It was a different place from 30 years earlier.  He treated me like a lost friend.  Invited me to dinner.  Then a year after that he died.

“I might say the way Harkness got his start was by marrying the widow of a man that owned the toll bridge across the Portneuf River at McCammon.  Before U & N was built there was much freighting by team from Corrine, Utah, the closest railroad point to Butte.  They all had to cross the toll bridge.  It was at McCammon where the Oregon Short Line met the U & N.  The railroads intended to make McCammon a division and build their shops there, as plenty of water and suitable land was about.  But Harkness owned all the desirable land.  He got too greedy and wanted to hold up the price.  The railroads refused and went through the canyon on the same grade with U & N to where Pocatello now stands and made their division point and built their shops (in 1887 – after a year in Eagle Rock).  This land was on the reservation and they got it cheap from the Indians.  McCammon is still a very small settlement and Pocatello is the second city in Idaho, thanks to Mr. Harkness.

“Our next move was to the desert between American Falls and Shoshone, about 75 miles without water.  It took many 4-horse teams to haul water for the camps.  There were dozens of camps in that lawless country.  Many horse thieves and all kinds of bad men.  Whenever one was caught in the act they would raise the wagon tongue, prop it up with a doubletree and hang them on it, dig a hole under their feet and bury them and nothing was said about it.  There were many occasions of that kind, for a man without a horse rarely lived long and for one man to steal another’s was just the same as taking his life and the penalty was also life.  The nearest authority was Boise City and they didn’t care anything about it.  The most general conversation in the camps was about horses and mules, pulling matches, foot races, riding wild horses, penny ante, and stud poker.

“When late fall came my job was ended.  About December 1st, I rode my horse home.  While riding over the desert, I had to buy water for my horse and dog at 25¢ per bucket.  Some distance from American Falls I met some tracklayers who were constantly following the grade builders.  I met several spike drivers whom I dropped spikes for the previous year in Montana.  At Pocatello I went to the section house and got a square meal.  It was the only building in the vicinity.  Not being able to get any feed for my horse, I went over to the river and turned him out and then slept out as usual.  The horse would not leave me and the dog to go very far.

“I stayed in Providence until about March 1.  This was the first time I took any notice of the dear girl who became my wife.  I was beginning to get of shaving age.

“About that time Jessop brought some more grading outfits from George Maler of Providence who was also a railroad contractor.  We loaded the outfit on flatcars at Logan and shipped them to Shoshone.  We rode in covered wagons on the flatcars.  At Battle Creek, near Preston, we stopped several hours, it being a terminal and a very tough place.  Several of the boys got drunk, especially one by the name of George Hovey.  He was continually climbing from one car to another until we missed him.  When we got to McCammon we got a message that the section hands had picked up the remains of a man on the tracks.  It turned out to be George Hovey.  Jessop went back and sent what was left of George to his mother who was a widow.  George had been working with us the previous year and was a very good boy.

“We could go to Shoshone on the train.  The tracks had been laid during the winter.  During the time that American Falls was the terminus there was a tent city across the Snake River with the usual quantity of bad men.  Several men who were known to have money disappeared.  The gamblers were under suspicion of having done the job.  They were ordered out of town and told that it would be too bad if they came back.  While they were gone the lawful citizens organized a vigilante committee.  After a few weeks, the gamblers, Tex and Johnson, came back and were seen going into a bakery.  They were surrounded in a gun battle.  Tex got his arm shot off.  Johnson wasn’t hurt.  A rope was placed around their necks and they were led out on the railroad directly over the falls.  They tied the ropes to the bridge and told them to jump.  Tex jumped and Johnson had to be pushed off.

“In connection with this incident, I happened to be placer mining in 1919 on the Snake River about 5 miles below American Falls.  One day I was walking to town and when I got close to the bridge I saw a bunch of men close by.  I went up to them and asked what the excitement was.  They had been digging post holes for an electric line to a brick yard.  They said they had dug up two men with their boots on.  I told them they were Tex and Johnson.  They had been buried there in 1883.  They asked me how I knew.  I told them I was there at the time.  They said, “You must be right because old Doc Brown, an old settler, told us the same thing.”  They had taken the bodies to town and were told to bring them back and bury them in the same place.  They were in the act of covering them up when I came upon them.  The old grave was on the edge of the rim rock with good drainage and they were in recognizable condition.

“The tent city of American Falls was now moved to Shoshone on flatcars.  While Shoshone was the terminus I believe it was the toughest and most lawless city that ever existed in the west.  There was no authority of any kind.  men gathered there from all the camps, at times about 2,000.  There were stores, gambling houses and dance halls.  Men got killed nearly every day.

“We were camped about half a mile from town on the banks of the Little Wood River.  I had a large, black, curly-haired dog, my constant companion and a coyote killer.  I rode into town one day when a large dog jumped onto mine.  My dog was getting the best of the other when a man ran out of a shack with an axe to kill my dog.  Just as the axe was being lifted I pulled my .44 and just in time.  I told the man to drop the axe or I would fill him full of holes.  He dropped it and ran.  I came within a few seconds of killing a man at that time and I believe I surely would if he had touched my dog.  And there would not have been anything done about it.  I carried a .44 Colt night and day by request of my boss as there were many horses being stolen nearby, but against me and my dog they had no chance.

“By the end of May, we got as far as Glenns Ferry, Idaho.  The first part of June we moved to Burnt Canyon above Huntington, Oregon.  During that trip I had a difficult time as I had to keep the herd out at night and then sleep in the wagon traveling over rough roads during the day.  The herd fed wherever night overtook us.  Sometimes there was very little feed.  One night we were camped where the Weiser grist mill now stands.  I took the herd out on what is now the Weiser Flats.  It was all sagebrush.  Now it is one of the best farm locations in the west.  There were a few log cabins where the Weiser Court House now stands and nothing more.

“Huntington had one store and one saloon.  It was tame to what we had seen.  We got too far ahead of the track gang which caused some delay.  At our camp in Burnt Canyon we had a China cook and a sort of person to cause trouble, it soon became evident.  Jessop’s wife and his grown daughter were the cook’s helpers.  The cook had a sore hand and wanted to lay off.  He said he had a friend in Boise that would be glad to come and take his place.  The boss told him to send for him.  In due time he arrived, about 7 o’clock one day.  The woman was in her tent at that time.  This new Chinaman went into the tent to talk to her.  She was just leaving to go to the cook tent.  She supposed he was following her out, but he didn’t.  Shortly after she went back to the tent to see where he was and caught him in the act of attempting to rape her 7-year-old girl.  She ran toward the dining tent and met me coming out.  She said, “Catch that Chinaman – he ought to be hung.”  I asked what he had done.  She wouldn’t tell me.  Just at that time her husband, Jessop, came riding in from the works.  She ran to him, told him something, then they both hurried over to me and said we got to hang that Chinaman.  He told me what he had done.  The Chinaman’s blankets that had been by the cook shack were gone and so was the Chinaman.  By that time the men had all come in from work for dinner.  No hell was popping.  The boss sent me up the road and he went down.

“There was a China camp up the road one half mile.  These men were working on a rock cut.  All the Chinaman were just coming out of the dining tent.  I ran up to the boss, an Irishman, and asked if he had seen a stray Chinaman.  He said no.  I decided he had not come this way as there were no tracks in the road either.  I arrived back at camp just as the boss did.  He said no one had been down the road so the Chinaman must be in the brush around camp.  All the men were called to hunt.  There were many acres of brush all around the camp, mostly hawthorn.  It was almost impossible to get through them.  Before long we found his blankets in the brush, it being too thick to get them any farther.  Then the hunt was on.  The only way to get him out was to burn him out and that is what was done.  There was much dry brush and it was in the dry season.  I got out on high ground on my horse where I could look over the brush and could see them waving as the Chinaman crawled through.  I directed the men to the spot by yelling the direction to go.  The Chinaman soon came out of the brush and jumped in the creek.  A bunch of men were there waiting for him and took him in charge.  From that point I took no active part.

“They abused him terribly.  One man took his queue over his back and dragged him.  The boss came running on his horse and said they had found a place to hang him.  Previously I had cut a trail through the brush to drive the herd night and morning to the other side of the creek into the hills.  There was a large hawthorn bowed over the trail and the boss had seen that so that is where they hung him.  They dug a hole under his feet and buried him in the center of the trail.  I drove the heard over his grave night and morning.

“There was a Chinaman who was the head of all the China camps in the vicinity.  He happened to be in the camp that I searched.  The fire could be seen for miles and caused some excitement.  This head Chinaman came to our camp to see what was going on.  He saw the Chinaman hanging on the hawthorn.  He had three of what he called our ring leaders arrested.  They were taken to Baker City, Oregon, for trial.  They all denied having a hand in the affair, claiming they were working on the grade at the time.  The timebooks showed full time for all, although no one had worked that afternoon.  So the case was dismissed.  During the hanging, an Irishman in our camp had pulled for the Chinaman saying that we had punished him enough without hanging him, too.  If the Irishman had not got out of their way they would have hung him, too.  That shows how crazy a mob can be.  It is not healthy to interfere.

“The country at that time was waving with bunch grass two feet high, with plenty of elk and deer and other wild animals.  Night herding was an easy job but there were rattlesnakes everywhere.  I could sleep in the grass from 10 p.m. to 4 a.m., then round up the herd and get to camp by 5:30; that is if I didn’t mind to sleep with the rattlers.  But I actually did.  I found it was too hot to sleep in the tent in the daytime, so I cleaned a place in the brush and made my bed on the ground and for a week every time the dinner bell rang, I stirred, a big rattler crawled from under the blankets and got away in the brush.  When I think of it I must have been a foolhardy kid as I didn’t pay any attention to the snake.  When I told the boys about this they called me a damn fool.  One day a friend stood by my bed when the dinner bell rang and, with a forked stick, he caught the snake.  He took it to the chopping block and cut off its head.  It still kept rattling.  I cut off about two foot more and it still rattled.  I put it in m pocket with the rattles sticking out, then walked into the kitchen.  The woman folks though I had a real one and all scattered.

“One night I was sleeping in the grass when my dog by my side growled.  As I raised up, the dog grabbed a rattler from the front of my face.  He caught it too far back from the head which permitted the snake to bite the dog several times on the side of the mouth.  It was moonlight and I could see it very plain.  He dropped the snake and walked around shaking his head which had already started to swell.  I took him to camp and tied him to a wagon wheel and went back to the herd.  In the morning, his head looked like a calf’s head.  He laid in the creek all day but went out with me every night.  I chopped up some meat and stuffed it down his through to keep him from starving.  The boys wanted me to kill him.  They said he might get mad, and if I did not kill him they would.  I told them the first one that hurt the dog would be a dead man.  They took my word for it and left him alone.  On the 12th day I heard the first faint bark.  The dog was getting well.

“Sometime in November, I bought two fine large horses and told my boss I was going to ride them home.  He said I’d never get there as it was over 400 miles of unsettled country.  I told him I would get there if I started, and start I did.  I went straight south of Snowville, just over the Idaho line into Utah.  I then back-tracked some and went east to Malad.  From there I went across the mountains to Franklin, Idaho, then south to Providence, Utah, the trip taking 12 days.

“Many things happened on this trip.  I camped wherever night overtook me and bought something to eat whenever I could.  Sometimes I had nothing but jackrabbit fried on the sagebrush.  It was harder on the dog than on me or the horse.  It was warm and dusty for that time of year.  Near Glenns Ferry, Idaho, I came to a house there.  He let me put my horse in the stable and I slept in the stake yard.  During the night the dog growled and as I peeped out from the blankets I saw the man pulling hay out of the stack.  I went to sleep thinking nothing of it.  Next morning my saddle was missing.  I accused the man of stealing it.  He denied it.  He said he hadn’t been out of the house all night.  I knew he was guilty and said so.  I marched him all through the house ahead of my gun, but found nothing.  I told him I’d kill him if I didn’t get the saddle.  It had cost me $50 and I had a long ways to go.  I stayed there a few hours and then he sent his boy off on a horse.  I supposed he went to get help as there were several cowboy camps throughout the country.  I figured that I had better be going so I made some rope stirrups for my pack-saddle, which was an old riding saddle, and put the bedding on the other horse without any saddle.  I started off.  I crossed at Glenns Ferry at about 4 o’clock that evening and went on into the desert.  Next day was a warm one and the dog gave out.  He traveled with his head close to the ground in the dust.  I couldn’t do anything about it.  The horses were getting dry and dying for water.  It wasn’t long until the road went downhill and I came to Snake River again.  I had to lead the horses to water three times before I dared to let them have all they wanted.  After awhile I saw the dog crawling down the hill.  He made it to the river.

“There was a stage station there and I got a square meal.  This place is now called Thousand Springs, and the country is well settled.

“I went through Franklin because I had a letter from my brother, John, telling me that the folks had moved from Providence to northeast of Franklin.  I went up Cub River a ways as that was northeast but found nobody that ever heard of the folks, so I turned south to Providence.  I had my reason to go to Providence.  My charming girl was there.

“John found out I was in Providence and came to get me.  They were located on Worm Creek on a homestead.  I stayed with the folks until spring, 1884, when I went to work on a gravel train and sometimes on a section between Montpelier and Granger.  That fall I took a herd of sheep for George Horn to the winter range on the promontory north of Salt Lake.  The spring of 1885 I met my old chum, Abe Kneiting, in Logan, and we decided to go to Butte.  We worked in a sawmill for awhile, about 8 miles west of Butte.  From there we went to Anaconda to drive a team in a wood camp for W. A. McCune.  I worked a few months in the Anaconda smelter but didn’t like it there.  I got to know Marcus Daly who was head of the smelter.  The wages at the smelter were from $3 to $6 per shift, according to the job.  That fall Daly cut the wages to 50¢ to $1 for the same work.  The way he did it was to shut the smelter down entirely for repairs, as he claimed, and started up one furnace at a time.  In a month, the smelter was in full force again with the wages cut and Daly got a $50,000 Christmas present.  The company wanted him to do the same thing in the mines at Butte.  He said it could not be done.  The union was too strong and he valued his life.

“The mines and the smelter were owned by the same company.  They also had a railroad that ran between the two places.  Mr. W. O. Clark was the head man for the mines.  The general talk by the men around Butte and Anaconda was about Marcus Daly, W. O. Clark and John L. Sullivan.  There was a mill and concentrator west of Butte called the Bluebird Mill, owned by the company.  This New York firm sent a man out to cut the wages in the mill.  The mill and smelter men had no union at that time.  Once, when the New Yorker was strutting along this street at the corner of Main and Clark, a bunch of men were standing there and they were whispering.  All at once they closed in on the New Yorker from all sides.  A few policemen came running.  The mob took hold of the police and told them to walk on down the street and that it was not healthy for them to stop or look back.  They went.  They dropped a rope over the New Yorker and threw the other end over a telegraph pole.  He begged so hard for his life that they told him if he would go back to New York and promise never to come back to Montana they’d let him go.  He promised.  About 100 men escorted him to the depot and put him on the first train.  They say he has never been seen in Montana since.  I worked for A. W. McCune until the spring of 1887 in the mines at Lion City.  The camp was called Hecly and the mine called Cleopatrie.  It was about 15 miles from Melrose, in the mountains.

Anna Rinderknecht Nuffer, 1933 in Mt Hebron

“In the spring of 1888, I took a layoff for two weeks.  My boss said if I was back in two weeks my job would be ready.  I went to Providence and met my charming sweetheart, Anna Rinderknecht.  I had courted her for the last 4 years.  I told her I came to get married.  She said all right.  We called the local Justice of the Peace, Alma Mathius, to the house.  He married us with her mother and two neighbors for witnesses.  Licenses weren’t necessary at that time.  She was raised in the Mormon Church.  I was baptized into the church when I was 16.  We were married under the condition that she would go with me to the mining camp where my job was waiting.  She said she would go anywhere I wanted her to go and be glad of it.  We were married on April 4, 1888.  We lived happily together for 55 years and 6 days.  She passed away April 10, 1943, at 15716 Saticoy Street, Van Nuys, California.

“Now I am due to tell the story of my married life which was altogether different conditions from my single life.

“We stayed in the mining camp until November, 1888, and went back to Providence.  That winter I went to Idaho and homesteaded 160 acres adjoining my father’s place.  It was between Cub River and Worm Creek.  I got out logs and built a one-room house.  I got a team and farming implements, moved into the log house and started farming in the spring of 1889.  We had a hard going for awhile.  The Cub River-Preston Canal circled our place.  I got a job ditch riding the canal which was great help.

“There was a large cliff of grey sandstone on my father’s place.  I started a rock quarry and got out stone in dimension sizes.  It was used for trimming on the better buildings going up throughout the neighboring towns.  It was much in demand.  The Academy at Preston was started about that time, with my brother, John, as supervisor of construction.  I got a contract to supply stone for this building which called for 2,000 cubic feet at 25¢ per foot at the quarry.  The stone was used for corners, sills and watertable.  The next year I furnished stone for nearly every town in Cache Valley.  That was before the cement age.

“In 1891-92, the Agricultural College at Logan was expanding.  I made contract with Mr. Venables of Ogden to deliver about 3,000 cubic feet of cut stone.  He had tried to get some stone somewhere south of the valley but found it unsuitable.  As I had furnished stone for several buildings in Logan he came to me.  I lived near the quarry at that time.  he inspected and approved the stone.  The quarry was about 10 miles up Cub River Canyon from Franklin, on the left side slope going up the river, on a small tributary of Cub River called Sheep Creek.

“All work was done by hand.  The main ledge was about 20 feet above the ground about 20 feet wide and 400 to 500 feet long.  We used 12 foot church drills and blasted large rocks loose from the main ledge.  We had to be careful how much powder we used so as not to shatter or cause seams in the stone.  We usually had to put  second charge in the opening made by the first charge to dislodge the block from the main ledge.  The block so dislodged was from 6 to 7 feet thick and about 20 feet long.  From then on all tools used were hammers, axes, wedges, and squares.  Grooves were cut with axes wherever we desired to split the block, then wedges were set in the grooves about ten inches apart and driven in with hammers.  Then we dressed them down to the right measurements, allowing one half inch for the stonecutters to take out the tool marks we made.  Venables furnished bills for stone in dimension sizes as needed in the building.

“My brother, Charles August Nuffer, worked on the job the whole time it lasted.  I also had a man by the name of Ed Hollingsworth of Preston, also Mr. A Merrill and Mr. Abel Smart of Cub River, and Mr. Robert Weber of Providence.

“It took part of two years for the job.  The hauling was all done with wagons and horses; 30 to 35 cubic feet was a good load for two horses.  These men did the hauling, John McDonald of Smithfield, Jean Weber of Providence, and Jake Rinderknecht of Providence who hauled more than any other.  He used to leave home at 3 a.m., load up the same day and get back to Logan by 3 p.m. the next day.  It was very hard on the horses.  I also hauled a good many loads with my own team.  All loading was done by hand on skids.  It seems the miles were not so long when we traveled with horses as it does now when we travel in cars.

“I got 40¢ per cubic foot, of which 20¢ was paid for hauling.  We had a hard time handling the name stone to go on the front of the building.  When it was ordered it had 30 cubic feet in it and only one foot thick.  When the stonecutters got through with it they found it too big to be hoisted in place so they made it smaller until there wasn’t much left.

“The most difficulty I had was in not getting my pay from the Superintendent.  We overlooked a large 4-horse load at the final settlement.  A few minutes after I had signed a receipt for the final payment in full I discovered my mistake.  He refused to pay for it, although I produced the bill of lading signed by him.  He didn’t dispute the debt, but said he had a receipt paid in full.  He didn’t have anything and the government property couldn’t be attached, so I was the loser of about $15, which seemed a lot of money to me at that time.  (Mr. Nuffer wrote this part in 1938 – excerpted here – at the request of college officials; it was part of a historical cornerstone insertion to be opened at the centennial in 1988.)

“About 1895 the Mink Creek – Preston canal was being dug.  I got the job to do all the rock work for a stretch of about 10 miles.  Later on, the Utah Power and Light Company built a large canal on the opposite side of the river from the Preston canal.  I had several large jobs on that work.  I was watermaster for one term on both the Preston canals.  From 1896 to 1898 I was occupied mostly with farming, horse raising, and cow milking.  In 1898, I traded my homestead for a farm nearer Preston on the brow of the hill near Battle Creek.  I bought a house and lot in Preston and moved the family there.  I had a few hundred head of sheep and leased 2,000 more from Joe Jensen of Brigham City.  I had them two years when wool and lambs went so low I had to give them up at a loss.  One of my mistakes.

“About this time the cement industry came into being.  I went into the cement business and built the first cement sidewalks in Preston.  I also built culverts, bridges and all kinds of cement work for the city and county.  When cold weather came all cement work was stopped.  Being an old timer, and always on good terms with the village Board, they gave me the job of special police in the winter.  As I had a big family to support it was a great help.  The city of Preston at that time had about 3,000 population and at times an unruly element visited the city and its three saloons.  It kept the policeman very busy, especially at night.  I was on duty mostly at night.

“In 1905, I built the first two-story hollow cement block house in that part of the country which I used for myself.  We lived in the cement house for 4 years.  About that time I heard from my friend who was living in Mexico, near Tampico.  He was raising sugar cane and told me how we could all get rich quick raising it at $400 an acre.  I and a friend went down to look it over.  Mr. Tomlinson, the real estate man at the colony, offered me 87 acres of choice jungle land very cheap if I would move my family down.  There was a large American colony at San Diegeto.  I sold our home in Preston for $5,000 and moved the family down there.  Another mistake.

“I intended to stay 5 years and get the place all planted in cane and then lease it out and come back a rich man.  I bought a lot and built a house in San Diegeto.  The town was 10 miles from the plantation, which was on lower ground along the river.  A bunch of us Americans went down tot he plantation every Sunday evening by train to look after our Mexican workers.  We would come back Saturday evening.  I had from 5 to 15 Mexicans working the clear the ground and do some plowing.  We had to plant tomatoes or corn first to get the ground in good condition for cane.  The second year I had 5 acres in cane and 30 acres ready to plant the next year.  I would have made it in 5 years if it hadn’t been for the Mexican revolution.  We came to San Diegeto in April, 1909.  That same year Mexico had a presidential election.  Diaz was elected again which started the revolution to run him out, and trouble began all over the country.  By 1911 it got so bad we had to leave as it was not safe there any more.

“I gave an old American, name of Tigner, a contract for 5 years.  He was to have the place all planted in cane and return all the implements and animals in good condition.  He thought he could stay on.  He made very good progress for two years when Villa moved in with his band, arrested all the Americans and gave them their choice to stay in jail or leave the country.  Tigner went to Tampico and left on a refuge ship.  I got a letter from him from New Orleans asking me to release him from the contract.  We were in our home town, Preston, when I got the letter.  I couldn’t do anything but release him, so I lost all my investments and was a broke man with a large family.  By that time I was in the cement business again and made a living at it.

“About 1924, a few hundred of us Americans from San Diegeto put in a damage claim in Washington against the Mexican government.  My claim was for $30,000.  The Mexican government agreed to pay $10 million at the rate of $500,000 per year over a period of 10 years.  I was allowed $1,500 and that was cut 50 percent because there wasn’t enough to go around.  Our lawyer in Washington gets 20 percent and our secretary, Mr. Tomlinson, gets 5 percent, so there isn’t much left.  (*The script may have meant 20 years.)

“In 1920, we left Preston and went to Weiser, Idaho, on a farm.  We stayed there 4 years when I got interested in an irrigation project in Butte Valley, Siskiyou County, California.  We did quite well there for a few years until we got in several lawsuits over the water and lost some at every suit.  So we always ran out of water about June 1st each year.

“There was a large cattle ranch in the south end of the valley called the Bois ranch.  This had exclusive right to all the water in the creek called Butte Creek.  The irrigation district bought the ranch for $50,000 in order to get the full rights to all the water.  The district started to take some of the water further down the valley.  The cattlemen and settlers above the valley said if the district can take the water away from the ranch they could do the same.  So they started to put dams in the creek.  As I was the only one that could use dynamite they always sent me to blow out the dams, which I did.

“A rich cattleman defied the district and put in a dam that a few sticks of dynamite could not blow out, as it was built with logs and large rocks and was about 25 feet across.  Our president asked me how many sticks it would take to blow it out and I told him about 100.  He said he would get it, as the dame must come out.  I told him I would not take the responsibility as the man had too much money and could cause me trouble.  He said he would send an officer with me to take the responsibility.  To this I consented.  They sent the local constable with me.  I tired 100 sticks of dynamite in a bundle, put it under the dame on the upper side near the bottom.  It did a good job.  There was no more dam nor a place to build another one near.

“The owner of the ranch wanted $1,000 damage.  About that time we had another lawsuit over the water with the other fellows and this man wanted to bring his case in at the same time.  We all attended court at the county seat at Yreka.  Everybody knew who had blown up the dam.  Between the trials the lawyer asked the constable if he blew up the dam.  He said no, Mr. Nuffer did that.  The lawyer turned to me and said, “Did you blow up the dam?”  I said I did.  He asked who ordered it done and I said our district president, Mr. Snider.  The lawyer turned to Mr. Snider and asked, “Did you order Mr. Nuffer to blow out the dam?”  Snider said he did.

“That was the last we heard of the case.  But the cattleman put in another dam.  In the end, we had so many lawsuits and lost so much water every time that we could not farm successfully.  I went to milking cows and raising chickens, turnkeys and pigs, and did fairly well.

“In 1936, my son, Leon, living in Los Angeles, bought two and half acres in Van Nuys with a house and some chicken equipment.  He came to Mt. Hebron where I was located and asked me to sell out and take charge of his place.  I hesitated but my wife wanted to get away from Mt. Hebron.  I sold at a loss and moved to Van Nuys.  The place had been neglected but I worked hard and made it one of the best places in the valley.  It is now December 30, 1943, and my dear wife has passed away.  We had one daughter and many sons.

Emma Nuffer Nelson

“A short time before our first child was born we went to the Logan Temple where the ceremony was performed, our previous marriage being on a civil rite.  This was on January 3, 1890.  On May 4 our first child, Emma was born.  She married George Nelson and died in January 28, 1919, when the flue was raging.  She left two girls, Lucille, 3, and Virginia, 18 months.  We raised them until they were 4 and 5 when their father married again (Anna Rinderknecht, Emma’s cousin).  Our boys were Fred Jr., Leon, Bryant, Raymond, Lloyd, Glenn, Harold and George (who died in 1914 at the age of two).

 

1957 Sharp Reunion

Back (l-r): James Thompson, Fern Cutler, ?, Dixie Mae Poppleton, Emily Carlisle, Evelyn Poppleton, Edith Maw, Delwin Sharp, Annie Thompson, Ed Sharp, Vernal Sharp, Kathleen Sharp, Joy Harms, Howard Ross, Stella Marriott, Iris Adams, Jim Adams, Jim Marriott, Francis Thomas, Devina Thomas. Front: Shelley Mae Tippets, Craig Adams, Mike Adams, Jimmy Adams, J. Golden Draper, Dale Sharp.

I thought I would make this photo available from the a 31 August 1957 Sharp Family Reunion.  There are a few unknowns in this photo.

James Sidney Thompson (1888-1964) married Annie Victoria Carlisle (1896-1972).  Annie’s grandmother is Isabella Sharp Carlisle (1831-1904).

Fern Janet Sharp Cutler (1918-1989) married Gordan Mackelprang Cutler (1917-1991).

?

Dixie Mae Poppleton.  Daughter of Edward and Evelyn Poppleton.

Emily Stevenson McDonald Carlisle (1886-1975) married Harvey Cartwright Carlisle (1866-1935).  Harvey’s mother is Isabella Sharp Carlisle (1831-1904).

Evelyn Mae Sharp Poppleton (1911-1977) married Edward Castle Poppleton(1904-1975).

Edith Louise Maw (1893-1977).  Edith’s mother is Victorine Mary Sharp Maw (1862-1945).

Delwin Sharp (1884-1969) married Violet Grieve Sharp (1891-1964)

Annie Victoria Sharp Thompson (1896-1972) married James Sidney Thompson (1888-1964) mentioned above.

Edward Sharp (1887-1962) married Lillie Elva East Sharp (1888-1942).

Vernal LaVane Sharp (1908-1971) married Kathleen May Nelson Sharp (1920-2008).

Kathleen May Nelson Sharp (1920-2008) married Vernal LaVane Sharp (1908-1971).

Joy Harms daughter of Kathleen May Nelson Sharp from her previous marriage to Harry Harms Jr (1906-1945).

John Harold Ross (1923-2004) married Colleen Fowers Hancock Ross (1929-1969).

Estella “Stella” Inez Thomas Marriott (1884-1964) married James Oliver Marriott (1881-1965).  Stella’s mother is Anne Elizabeth Sharp Thomas (1852-1891).

Iris Maud Sharp Adams (1920-2001) married James Vester Adams (1913-1984).

James Vester Adams (1913-1984) married Iris Maud Sharp Adams (1920-2001).

James Oliver Marriott (1881-1965) married Estella Inez Thomas Marriott (1884-1964).

Francis Milo Thomas (1875-1962) married Isabelle Divina “Devina” Nicol (1878-1975).  Francis’ mother is Anne Elizabeth Sharp Thomas (1852-1891).

Shelley Mae Tippets (1952-2008).  Granddaughter of Edward and Evelyn Sharp Poppleton through their daughter Sharon (not pictured).

Craig Adams

Michael Adams

Jimmy Adams

J. Golden Draper

Dale Sharp

Charles August Nuffer

This is the life history of Charles August Nuffer.  He wrote this autobiography on 28 January 1949.  I have maintained the language and spellings of the original document.  I also wrote a quick overview of his life previously.

This is a brief history of the life of Charles August Nuffer, son of Johann Christopher Nuffer and Eva Katherina Greiner Nuffer. I was born June 18th 1871 in Neuffen, Wurtemberg, Germany. When about eight years old I remember going with my father and mother to a neighbor’s home where the Mormon Elders were holding a meeting, one was Elder John Theurer of Providence, Utah. Some week later, one morning on getting up the floor was all wet, I asked my mother why, all that she said was that they were baptized members of the Mormon Church last night in the Mill Race back of our house.

It was not long after when they began to make arrangements to emigrate to America. After they had sold their home and land to get money for the voyage except what they could take with them, and that was not very much, they still had to borrow a few hundred dollars before they could go. They borrowed this money from the Schweitzer family that had also joined the Church, and came on the same ship with us, also the Lalatin family that had become members of the Church. So in the month of May 1880 they all bid farewell to friends and the land of their birth for the Gospel’s sake, and set sail on the steamer Wisconsin, for New York, U. S. A. (Early in the morning before daylight we left home in a covered wagon for the City of Stuttgart. I was carried in some bedding as I was sick with the measles and was not well enough to walk. From Stuttgart we went to Manheim and from there by boat on the Rhine to Holland and over the North Sea to London, where everybody was sick the next morning but myself, I think I was just getting over the measles.)

Young Charles August Nuffer

Young Charles August Nuffer

The first place we came to was called Castle Garden where all our belongings were examined. They also gave all the emigrants a little book, the New Testament to take along free. In those days most of the streets of New York were paved with cobble rock. After a few days rest we went by train to Collinston. Arriving in Logan we were taken by a family of Saints that gave us food and lodging for about three weeks by the name of Shaggo in North Logan. After three weeks we found a little old log house with one room and a dirt roof and plenty of bed bugs to keep us company. It was on a vacant lot on the street going to the College just east of the canal. We lived there about a month, as father bought a house and lot of Jacob Engle, full of cobble rock where we intended to make a living but we found it hard going. The house was built of small cobble stone and in the winter at night the walls would get all white with frost. Father would go out where ever he could get some work, he worked on the threshing machines and I went with him to help and he got a bushel of wheat a day. Grandma Spring, Regine and I went out in the north field to glean wheat, we would cut the heads off and put them in a sack. Father threshed them out with the flail and it made about sixteen bushels, so about all father could do is to earn for us so that we could have something to eat while John and Fred were earning money to pay for the place.

Fred went to Idaho working on the Railroad and John worked for Mr. Summers a contractor who later recommended to the Stake Presidency to take charge of building the Stake Academy after we had moved to Idaho. It seems to me the Lord had already begun to open up the way for our life’s mission in this part of the land.

When we arrived in Providence the potatoes were in full bloom on the lot which looked good, at least we would have potatoes to eat. We had to get the wood from the hills near by. They had bought a team and an old wagon so we went to get some wood. Father told me to drive, as I drove out the  gate and over a little ditch the tongue dropped down and the reach came up and the team ran away and I fell under the horses feet. I received a broken shoulder and the horses ran around the block and back in the gate, my first time driving a team, at ten years old.

While living in Providence I went to school a few months during the winters of 1881 and 1882 and learned to speak English. My teacher was Mrs. Mary Neaf Maughn, the mother of Mrs. A. E. Hull and Maughn the brush man, and Peter Maughn was the other teacher.

I was baptized when I was 9 years old by Mr. Campbell the grandfather of Mrs. C. M Crabtree of this ward. My sister Mary was born here October 11, 1881. She died in Mapleton, Idaho, October 5, 1900. I look back to my young days while living in Providence, and I still have many friends there, but my parents had to look forward to some other place for our future and to find the place for our life’s mission. It seems the Lord prepared the way. One of our neighbors, a German family had a daughter married to John Miles who was living at Wormcreek and she wanted him to move to Providence where her mother lived so we traded places. We lived in Providence from June 1880 until October 1883. So from here we go to Idaho the place the Lord had chosen for us to build our future home.

We loaded what we could on our wagon and Mr. Miles the rest on his as he helped us move and all together it was not very much, but it was all the poor teams could pull over the kind of roads there were at that time. On arriving at Wormcreek we found a place with a house on it, a log house about 14 by 16 feet, all one room, with dirt floor, no fence around it and no plowed land, and when it rained the mud would run down the walls and we had to set pans on the bed to catch the rain. Father, Mother, Regine, Adolph, Mary and I lived there then. Fred was out in Oregon but he came later that fall with two big horses and John was working in Logan, I think with Mr. Summers. During the winter John rode the biggest horse to Providence as he was going with Louise Zollinger whom he later married. The horse got warmed up too much and got a sore leg and they finally had to shoot him. John and Fred were in Providence most of that winter as their grandmother lived there and Fred was going with Anna Rinderknecht.

As we did not have much hay we bought two stacks of straw from Jap Hoarn and Tom Miles, the first lived in Richmond and the other in Smithfield as they were only on their farms in the summer. The snow as so deep Regine and I filled some big sacks we had brought from the Old Country with straw and tied on the hand sled and pulled it over the rested snow for home. The Miles were the only family that were living on the Creek besides us on what is now known as the Webster Ranch, and we lived on what is now known as the Fred Wanner Place. The Miles Family ran out of feed for their cattle so in March they shoveled a path over to the south side of the hills where the wind and sun had taken the snow off the grass and it had started to grow. When they drove the cattle through the path you could not see them because the snow was so deep. So with the help of the Lord we pulled through the Winter of 1884. In the Spring John and Fred came back and began to fence and plow the land and plant crops. Later John went over to Oxford to the Land Office to file on the land for himself as he had helped most to pay for the home in Providence. As father wanted a homestead of his own, one Spring day it was on the first of May he sent over the divide between Worm creek and Cub River to find a place where he could make a home for the rest of the family. When he returned he said that no one had gone over there before him that spring, as the snow had not melted yet. That was in the spring of 1885, so during that summer John and Fred were raising the crops and helped father build a log house and we put in some crops so we have something to eat for the winter. As we did not have much of a team they had Joe Nilsen come up from Preston to plow some along the Creek, he had a big team and a sulky plow. But that was not all, we had to fight squirrels and grasshoppers. What we raised that summer had to see us through the Winter, and it was not any too much.

Fred went up Wormcreek and got some logs and had them sawed at the Moorhead and Thomas Sawmill on the Cub River. But we found that there was only enough for the roof and none for the floor and ceiling. They had lumber at the sawmill but they would sell us any for wheat and the store in Franklin did not pay cash for it. Father had already laid some logs down to put the floor on so we just had to step over them all winter but maybe it was a good thing as we got the warmth from the earth as we only had a lumber roof over us 14 feet to the top and just a four hole cook stove to warm the house and wood to burn, and it was not all dry. Still we were happy and thanked the Lord for what we had. Mother would read a chapter from the Bible, we would have prayer and we would go to bed early. (Clayborn  Moorhead told me some years later that Joseph Thomas intended to take up my Father’s Homestead but he was not old enough then so my father was first. He said those Germans can’t make a living there, they will starve to death and I will get the land anyway. But, I think he did not know as much as he thought, he didn’t know we had put our trust in God.)

On Christmas Day 1884 Father sent me over to John’s (Grandma Spring was keeping house for him that winter), after twenty-five pounds of flour. The snow as up to my knees. After that flour was gone we had to grind the wheat in the coffee mill as no one went to the store anymore that winter until Father and I each carried a basket of eggs to the store in Franklin on the 2nd of March, over two feet of :frozen snow to buy some groceries. We could not busy much as we had no money. Mother raised some sugar beets in the garden, as we had no sugar she but some beets in the oven and baked them and put them in a cloth to get some syrup to make her yeast. She cut some up in little squares and browned them in the oven and ground them up to make coffee. Mother would also put the wheat in the oven to dry and brown it just a little so it would grind better and we used it for bread and mush. Finally the cow went dry so we had no milk for some time and no sugar, but we got through the winter without any sickness. We thanked our Heavenly Father for what we had and lived by faith in our Heavenly Father as we had no Church organization of any kind at that time there.

It seems the Lord wanted a tried people to build the Valleys of the Mountains for when we began to raise crops that we might have food for the next winter, we had to fight the squirrels and the grasshoppers. We worked with faith that did not falter and as I remember we never got discouraged for we felt the Lord was on our side.

April 1949

When I was going on 21 years of age I was looking for a homestead to file on. East of my father’s place, about 40 rods from our house in a hollow there was a nice little spring by a service berry bush coming out of a sandstone formation, where I decided to make my home. Not being of age to take up land, I moved a little log building with a dirt roof on it, that my father had used for a granary, onto the land. I had a bed in it and would sleep there some nights. I prayed to the Lord that he would protect it for me, that no one would file on it as I was not yet twenty-one, and not old enough to take up land. There was a man by the name of George Kent, down on the river. His wife told me there was a relative of theirs in Lewiston, Clyde Kent, who was going to jump that land, as they called it those days. I told them that I did not believe he would be that mean. I wanted to start life for myself as soon as I was 21. So on June 17, 1893, I was on my way to Blackfoot, Idaho by train in company of John McDonald, whose fare I paid to Blackfoot, and return as a witness for me as to my age. There was no bridge across Bear River to Dayton at that time. We stopped at Pocatello over night; it was not much of a town at that time, mostly railroad shops and saloons. We arrived at Blackfoot on June 18th, on my 21st birthday to file on that homestead. When I told them at the land office of the land I wanted to take up, they told me there was a man there some months before, the man I spoke of. Not giving up hope altogether we looked over the plat, and I found there was 40 acres all to itself, not filed on. After looking things  over for awhile I said to Mr. McDonald that is the land my cabin and the spring of water is on; so I filed on it and returned home. Arriving on Sunday afternoon my mother said there was a man and his wife looking at your place, as they thought that I had lost out. My family with me felt to thank the Lord that I had a place to build my home on.

As Fred and I started to quarry sandstone on my father’s place that fall, I hauled some sandstone in the Spring to build me a house, but during that winter 1893, my mother came down with pneumonia and died within a week on the 26th of February 1893. She was buried in the Preston Cemetery. She was about the 2nd or 3rd person buried there, as the new cemetery had been started that year.

The following Spring the Wanner family came to Mapleton, from Germany, on my birthday June 18th, which was a Sunday. This was the first time that I had seen my life’s companion, as they came to my brother Fred’s place, where they lived until they found a home to live in. Christine was their oldest daughter and I fell in love with her at first sight. My sister Regine was home again from Montana, her husband had left her, she had a little girl Katy. Christine stayed with her until she went to Millville to work for the Pittgins family for about three months for seventy-five cents a week and her board and some old clothes. When she left they gave her $6.00 and she gave it to her father as he told her she had to earn some money yet before she got married.

That fall as I started to haul stone to build a house, besides taking care of my father’s farm—Adolph helping me, as my father was away most of that summer to Bear Lake and other places, because he didn’t feel like staying home after Mother died. When he came back he brought with him Sister Weirman, and married her in the Logan Temple. Well, during this time I had started to build my house. We dug a hole in the ground and poured water in and mixed it. That was what we used to lay up the walls, and the house is still standing. By New Years the house was finished and cleaned, but we had no furniture or anything else to put in it, but still we made our arrangements to get married. We were baptized by Heber Taylor on 26 June 1894 in Cub River and confirmed by Edward Perkins at Mapleton on the 27 Jun 1894. We were married 1st February 1894 in the Logan Temple by Marriner W. Merrill, president of the temple. (Read Christina’s biography here.)  We made the trip by team and wagon, as there was no snow on the ground in the valley. We put our team in the Tithing Barn, as the Lalladine family were the caretakers. After returning from the temple, for supper we were invited by Charles O. Card at their home on depot street, as Mary Wagstaff’s mother’s sister was working at their home, and we spent our first night with them. He is the Card after which the city of Cardston, in Canada was named, as he later moved to Canada.

As I have said before, after we got the house finished we had nothing to put in it and had no money to get married with, so I asked Grandpa Wanner if he would loan me $10.00 and I would pay him back when I raised a crop. He let me have the money with which we bought our marriage license, and a few dishes for the house. We borrowed a table and an old set of knives and forks from my sister Regina, as she did not need them at that time. We returned them again when she got married to George Wanner a year or so later. We paid Grandpa in seed grain the next fall with many thanks to him for his kindness. For our wedding present Grandpa and Grandma gave us a bedstead to sleep on, as we had no furniture. I nailed some boards together for a cupboard for dishes. Stepmother Weirman Nuffer made some of our temple clothes and the garments were made out of factory. She was helpful to us in many ways, so that was the beginning of our family life in a humble way and we were happy together.

As Adolph was still at home, he and I ran my father’s farm, and I fenced my 40 acres, and started to plant some of it as fast as I could break it up. I helped Fred in the sandstone quarry to get a little money to buy a few things till we raised a crop. The Wanner family bought John’s place on Worm Creek for $2000 and became very successful farmers.

Will pass over a year or so till the first child Clara was born 10 August 1895, Louise 19 Nov 1896, Anna the 8 January 1899, Bertha 9 Jun ‘900, Fred 21 October 1901, Joseph 18 May 1904, Ida 15 Jun 1906. These children were all born in Mapleton.

From here on my main occupation was farming and quarrying sandstone. I cut grain with a binder for people in Mapleton at one dollar an acre. In the winter I worked with Fred on the Mink Creek Canal, blasting the rock with black and giant powder, making the canal from seven to ten feet wide. I worked out four hundred dollars in ditch stock and finally sold it for forty cents on the dollar. I received $1.50 a day in cash so that is all I got for my work, and we had to sleep in a tent in the wintertime and cook our meals but it build the canals so the people would get water for their land and could raise crops.

When Fred moved to Preston I took over the stone quarry. I was also ditch rider for the Preston Cub River Canal for a number of years, making a trip a day while the canal was full, at a dollar a trip. While runnig the quarry I delivered stone for some of the Preston business buildings and for the Lewiston Meetinghouse. During this time we were also taking care of John and Fred’s grandmother for a number of years. As the family was getting larger I built another room on the house as mother was busy taking care of Grandma Spring, and John was going on a mission to Germany. They decided to send Grandma Spring to Blackfoot where she died a year of so later. I think it was in the year of 1897, when Mother and I drove to Blackfoot with the team and buggy to take the rest of our homestead, that we had lost by that Mr. Kent beating me to it before I was of age.  While at Blackfoot we called at the hospital to see Grandma Spring.  They told us she had died before Christmas the year previous, and they had sent no word of her death to anyone.  A few words more while at the land office it seems the Lord had always prepared the way for us.  As we entered the land office the first person we met was President George Parkinson, who knew us well.  Without his help our trip might have been in vain, as it was difficult to take up land when another party had filed on it.  At the time we made this journey this was the frontier of the west.  Where Downey is now there was not one hours and from Pocatello to Blackfoot was all desert, not a house, only the Indian Reservation.  I carried my shotgun with us for safety.  We could say much more, but it would take too long to tell it.

From here on it made a lot of work; to fence the land and break it up and get it ready to farm and to make a living for the family.  From here on I will begin tow rite of some of my work in the Church for which we have left our native land.  On April the 19th, 1896 the Stake Presidency, George Parkinson, Brother Cowley, Solomon Hale came to Glendale to form a German Organization, so we could hold meeting every two weeks, as there were many families Swiss and German that could not speak English. Addison Wagstaff was Ward Clerk and took the minutes. Brother Jacob I. Naef was chosen as President. It was not until 5 Jul 1896 that his counselors were chosen, Brother Jacob Schneider, first, Charles A. Nuffer second counselor. We held our meetings in the homes of the people on their farms and wherever they lived. They traveled with farm wagons a distance of20 miles one way to Mink Creek, Weston, Riverdale, Whitney, Treasureton, Mapleton, Preston and Glendale, there places were we held meetings. Some years later when Joseph Moser became President, I became one of his counselors, also brother Kern. After some years John asked to be released and I became President ofthe Branch on the 21st of March 1915, with Brother Kern and Alma Moser as my counselors. During this time we held the meeting in the old tithing office, later in the new one at Preston, until the 13th of August 1916, we held our last meeting. During the later part of the war some of the people of Preston made it very hot for the German speaking people yet most of them were Swiss, but that did not make any difference. So President Geddes came to me and asked me not to hold anymore meetings. After the war many of the German people had moved away so we never started to hold the meetings anymore, and I never was released to this day. That closes up this chapter of the German Saints of this part here, so I will go on to some of my other duties in the Church. Making in all twenty years that we held German Meetings with the people of Franklin Stake.

Now going back to the year 1899, when I ws called as second counselor to Bishop Edward Perkins in the Mapleton Ward. When Orron J. Merrill moved to Preston I took his place and his son Preston my place in the Bishopric. I was chairman of the School Board for six years, and Brother Merrill was the Clerk, and when he moved away his son was appointed in his place. While on the school board I had a schoolhouse built in the upper end of the District, with Harrison R. Merrill as the first teacher. That way the children of the upper end would not have to go so far to school. The children in the lower part of the Ward met in the old meeting house. While I was in the Bishopric Brother 0. J. Merrill was the Ward Clerk and clerk of the school board. After his father moved to Preston, 0. P. Merrill, his son, was the Ward Clerk and clerk of the School Board. Speaking of schools the first school that was held in Mapleton was in the winter of 1886, when Bishop Perkins went to Lewiston to school. He let the people of the Ward have a school room so they all got together and employed Hirum Johnson as their teacher. All children from seven years up to thirty, married men and young ladies went to school there all in one room. Some came from Franklin and Nashsville. I was feeding cattle for Harrison Thomas that winter and lived with Olive Sweet, she had to board me as she was living in their house, and they paid $150 for my schooling and $.45 for a book. I had to chop all the wood for the family. I was fifteen years old. This school house which was built by the efforts of the people of the upper part of the District, was the first schoolhouse built in Mapleton Ward with H. R. Merrill as its first teacher.

In 1899 in June I was ordained a High Priest by George Parkinson, President of the Oneida Stake, and we labored unitedly together in the Ward. Bishop Perkins was very kind to prepare me for this work, and in his home he read the Book of Mormon and the Doctrine and Covenants to me. So, that I may more fully understand the Gospel, and that I might be an example to the people of the Ward, and he taught me the Law of Tithing, and that we may be worthy to receive all the blessings that the Gospel had in store for His faithful children. So on the 21st of February 1900, we were recommended to the Logan temple to receive our second washing and anointing by President Morgan, a blessing that not so many have received, which is the greatest blessing anyone can receive in the House of the Lord, for which I have tried to be thankful all the days of my life.

In the Spring of the same year, as there was a severe drought in Southern Utah, President Lorenzo Snow went to St. George, and met with the people there and told them if they would pay an honest tithing the Lord would bless them and send rain to save their crops. As the church was in a very bad financial condition at that time. So on returning to Salt Lake City President Snow called a special meeting of all the General Authorities of the Church to meet in the temple on the Law of Tithing, on June the 2nd at 9:00 A. M. And as Bishop Perkins had taken so much interest in me he asked me to go with him, only the Bishops were called. All the General Authorities spoke in the Meeting, after which they all shouted “Hosanna to the Lord”. We were in the Temple from 9:00 A.M. until5:00 P.M. The meeting was in the room known as the Celestial Room. At the close of the meeting President Snow said, “If you will go home and pay an honest tithing, the Church will be freed from debt, and the Lord will forgive you of your past neglect, and I promise you your homes will never burn.” From that time forth I always paid a full tithing as long as I lived on this earth. This blessed land of America, which God has blessed above all other lands. So these are some of the blessings that your mother and I received through Bishop Perkins being so kind to me. In appreciation for the blessing the Lord has given us, I desired to do my full duty in my calling with the people of this ward, and we had many opportunities to be called out day and night in time of sickness and death, among the people. We labored together eight years and had much joy in our labors.

I have given you some of the ways I made a living for the family. To make a living during this time and to care for the family, I farmed, raised hogs and horses, milked cows, separating the milk and selling the cream, and making butter getting $.10 a pound at the store. The most I received while selling cream from six to seven cows was $35 a month. I also sold cream separators to the people of Franklin and Preston to make a little extra money. I cut grain with the binder for the people in Mapleton. I quarried stand stone for the Lewiston Meetinghouse, and some buildings in Preston. The Riter Brothers Drug Store and other buildings. For the hogs we received $4.00 per hundred.

I had now lived on Worm Creek, Mapleton twenty-four years and I have related only some parts of my life. During this time in my life it was necessary for us to look toward the future, and seven children had been born to us in our first home. As the family got larger I built room onto the house. During this time my sister Mary was working for a family in Logan and as she was not feeling so well she came home and we needed someone to help mother as Bertha was a baby at that time. But in September Mary came down with pneumonia and died the 5th October 1900.  She had been born in Providence, Utah the 11th of October 1881. At that time most of our children were sick with scarlet fever, but they got well with our care and the help of the Lord as it was hard to get a doctor.

Before leaving Mapleton, speaking of building I feel to give some information pertaining to my father after his third wife died, Mrs. Weirman. He married Mrs. Shaub of Logan and bought the house of her son Gene. He lived in Logan a few years but he wanted to come back to Mapleton again and wanted me to build him a house in my orchard. I bought some sawed square log from Kall Wheeler, and build him the house. He paid for the materials and I did the work free, and I moved them up from wagon by team, but it was only a few years until he wanted to move again. He had already lived in Preston twice before. The first time where Ernest Porter lived, and before that out where Jim Smart’s place is. I then began to haul tone to Preston and John laid up the walls in 1907. In all the houses he lived in were one in Providence, two in Logan, one in Worm Creek, three in Mapleton and three in Preston and he died the 121h Aprill908. When I started to build my home after his death I moved his wife back to Logan with team and wagon.

I will pass over some years as things went on as usual. We began to look to the schooling of the children, as there was not much opportunity in Mapleton. I bought five acres of land in Preston and during the winter of 1905 and 1906, I began to haul sandstone from the quarry for the building of our home. I also planted trees in the spring of 1906, as there was nothing on the land whatever, only a fence around it. So this was the plan for us to move to Preston, not to improve ourselves better financially, but to make it better for Mother and all of us.

The Bishop was called to go on a mission, and I was in line for Bishop as things looked at that time. Mother was already alone so much with the family and I had so many meetings to go to at night. I was still in the German Organization, and I was so far away. I had from two and a half to three miles to ride on horseback to meeting to the home of Brother Merrill or the Bishop. In all the eight years I labored in the ward only one ward was held in our home. I leave the rest for you to answer whey we made this move which needed much consideration and prayer, and the guiding care of our Heavenly Father in making this move.

So in the Spring of 1907, after renting the farm to Hart Wheeler of Mapleton, I built a frame house sixteen feet by twenty feet to have a place to live in. Also, we had a tent for some of the children to sleep in, so I would have the family with me while I was there building our home. I built the barn a place for the cows and chickens. I hauled logs for the bam and most of the lumber for the house from the sawmill on Cub River during the summer. In October of 1907, when the frame house and the bam were built we all moved to Preston. We were all glad especially the children, when they could see the train and hear it when it came to turn on the Y. So this was a great change for all. This was the first time I lived in town, since we left Providence. So in the Spring of 1908, as soon as the snow was gone I began to dig the foundation for the house and laying up the walls; doing the work myself. Our second home in which all the children were brought to men and womanhood. This was the most happy period of our life. In order to get the large stones on the wall we had to roll them up some logs, as they were too heavy to lift. I hired Adolph to help with the work for a while, but before I got the walls finished I took down with Typhoid Fever. Adolph and Mr. Peterson finished the walls. This was in the latter part of September, and I did not know any more of the building of the house till it was finished so the family could move in. Preston was a baby then and I remember that he cried so much it must have been hard for Mother. I can’t give much detail concerning my sickness, only that Mr. States was my doctor and a lady Mary Bodily was my nurse. Brother Arnold Shuldhess, the editor of the German paper “Beobachter”, was up from Salt Lake City and came and administered to me when I first took sick. When Miss Bodily had to go some other place they got Maude Stocks for my nurse. They gave me very little food; mostly brandy and whiskey, as food is most dangerous in Typhoid, at least that was the way they used to do for Typhoid Fever at that time. I never used liquor at other times in my life.

Before I forget, my sister Regina, about the year 1886 also came home from Logan where she had been working and came down with Typhoid and there were no doctors here as there was no town of Preston here then. If there had been we would not have had any money to pay them; so her mother treated her the best she knew with tea from different herbs. Our prayers and faith were in God and she lived and got well, so we did the best we could under different ways and conditions. I will again go on with my own case. The latter part of October as I remember, I began to improve in health and they began to give me some food, as I was getting very hungry and I thought I would not get enough to eat anymore. Mother was very much afraid she might give me too much to eat, as that is the most dangerous time of the disease. The first time I went out doors again was the beginning of November. The trees were all yellow and I went up town to vote on November 6th 1908. I am sorry to say that this was not the end of our grief and sickness, so we had to start all over again and as I write these few lines it fills my eyes with tears when I think of that dear Mother that never gave up, that watched over you all night and day with faith in God for a better day. The Lord heard our prayers and she had the privilege to bring you up to manhood and womanhood, but that was not the end of our trials as stated before.

When Clara and Anna came down with the fever we had to get Doctor Emery, as Doctor States lived in Franklin. As they had to come most every day and we had a nurse that did not belong to the Church. She stayed at Preston Rooming house and we had trouble with her as I will tell you later when I get to that. By this time we were living in the new house. I think it was sometime in December. But, under the care of the new doctor and the new nurse the girls did not show any improvement. It was not long till they came down with pneumonia and week after week they did not get any etter. The nurse had a lady friend that visited some time in the evening. One day I found some empty whiskey bottles in a pile of stone that was beside the house. I at once told the Doctor we did not want his nurse any longer. He said he had a Nuffer barn place in Weston for her. He said that we would be responsible if something went wrong with the girls. I told him I was willing to take the responsibility. The nurse left and shortly she came down with the fever at the rooming house. It was only a week or ten days till the girls were up on their feet again. It was now the latter part of February and what a relief it was especially for that dear Mother, when all could rest again.

Now during my sickness some of the people of Mapleton had been told by Doctor States that there was not much hope for me to get over my sickness and mother heard of it. She prayed to the Lord saying that if he would spare my life she promised Him she would let me go on a mission, under almost any conditions whenever called. So during the summer of 1909, I worked at whatever I could find to earn something to take care of the family, and to keep out of debt, and fmd planted what we could on the lot for the next winter. Sometime if February of 1910, I received a letter from Box B, as it was called in those days, when anyone was called on a mission. I did not know anything as to a call for a mission when I received the letter stating if I could accept this call, if I could be in Salt Lake City on April the 18th. I do not know if Bishop H. Geddes had told the authorities of the Church anything of my financial condition or not, as I remember he did not to me; which was very limited at this time nor did he tell me anything about being called on a mission. We did not hesitate for a moment, but told them that I would be there at the above date. As we had no porch on the south side of the house I went to work on it before leaving. I also built a shed for the white top buggy so it would be under shelter while I was away. On the 15th ofFeb 1910, Laura was born at home with Mrs. Nancy Beckstead in attendance, which made it still harder for me to leave you all alone. I also planted some garden before leaving. So in the morning of April the 18th, I was on my way, Clara going with me to Salt Lake as mother did not want me to leave alone. That way she could hear from me just a little longer, Clara was then nearing 15 years of age and Laura was going on two months.

As I remember I was set apart for my mission by Jonathan C. Campbell to the Eastern States Mission to labor under Ben E. Rich. After a few days in Salt Lake I left with other Elders for New York City, stopping at Des Moines, Omaha, Chicago, Buffalo and on to New York. After a few days there I was appointed by Ben E. Rich to labor in West Pennsylvania, with Elder Hyrum Nelson from Cleveland, Idaho. I was then sent by way of Philadelphia to Pittsburgh with Heber D. Clark as our president. We were then sent out in the country two hundred miles tracting on the way, where there was a Branch of the Church in Buck Valley. It would be too much to give my missionary account, it is written in my missionary journals, those red books in this home. As we met in Conference in Pittsburgh, with Ben E. Rich and all the Elders in February of 1912 I was released to return home. It was most difficult for mother to carry on any longer with the large family as she had to borrow most of the money while I was away, as it was a dry season, and Mr. Wheeler, the one that bought the farm did not make any payments and the Bank charged 12% interest.

When I arrived home Laura, it was on her birthday, was two years old. One great blessing while on this mission was that I did not have one day of sickness and Mother and the children all had good health, for which we thanked the Lord with all our hearts. It was February the 15th 1912 when I arrived at home in time to make arrangements for a new life in caring for the family again, and to pay off the money we had borrowed. But, before I could do that I had to borrow some more to buy a team with which to go to work. I borrowed $700 off of Grandpa Wanner; the team cost $300. On the 15th July 1912, I purchases thirty two acres from Mr. Charles Nelson west of town on time payment, at one hundred dollars per acre. I then planted it in hay and grain, and the same year a hail storm came and destroyed the crop of wheat. I then went hauling sand and gravel for a living, and helped Uncle John with the haying.

On returning home I was asked by President Joseph Geddes to visit the wards of the Stake with the High Council for two years. It was before the Stake was divided. I also was asked to take my place again in the German Organization Meetings, one or two times a month. During this time I was serving as a Ward Teacher, a Sunday School Teacher, and quite a number of years as the class leader of the High Priests group in the ward, at Priesthood meeting, so I had plenty to keep me busy. I was also the ward Chairman ofthe Anti-Tobacco and Liquor campaign. During the First World War, I was called as a Counselor to Peter Hanson, who was Stake Superintendent of the Religion Class until the Stake was divided. In all six years, once or twice a month on Sunday or week days we would go out in the Ward to find someone to teach Religion Class in the schools, or to visit the schools that had teachers as we found it necessary. I was called as Chairman of the Genealogical Organization of the Ward. When the Ward was divided, and your mother and I worked in the Genealogical Organization. We were released when Orion Jensen was Bishop. During the years of 1923,24,25, and 26, I was called to baptize the children of the Franklin Stake. Charles F. Hawkes had done that work before. Also, at times I was called on to baptize children of the 2nd Ward at the Stake House. While in the old Church House I was a teacher in the Sunday School in the different departments at different times.

On October 30, 1916 I bought the farm in Dayton of June Jensen, Sam Morgan and H. A. Peterson of Logan, at the price of $5,500 so we would have work for the boys, so they would not have to go away from home to find work. For a number of years we had to dry farm, before we could get water. We finally got thirty shares at $130 an acres. As the land was all under bond it cost me $800 to buy the rest of the land out and we had to pay $7 per acres to get a ditch thru the Eccles Farm. I traded the land in Preston to Sam Morgon at $125 an acre that helped some. I had to clear off some thirty-five acres of sage with axes all by hand. That was all we had to do that kind of work for number of years. I had the cabin on the west hill of Peterson’s and had to carry the water from a spring below the hill in Petersons’ for cooking and vitrolling the wheat. I had to get a right-of-way from Brother McCarry at a spring to water the horses. We also had a stable on the hill for the horses. Usually we would fill our grub box on Monday morning and stay till Saturday and Mother and the girls would take care of things at home during the week. When we got water on the farm we moved up on the flat to the west of the farm. We went down the creek for water to use. We then built another room and Fred moved over with his family for the summer to help with the work as we rented the Miles farm and a year or so later Miles bought a house that we moved on his farm, for Fred and his family to live in. Later on we built another room onto it.

Preston helped us with the work after school closed and Joseph moved in up stairs when he got married, working with Roy at the car bam at the U. I. C. Railroad. In 1929 we built a house on the farm for Joseph to move in, as we had more work all the time. The cost of the house was $1250. Then came the crash of 1929, when wheat dropped to 30 cents a bushel and hogs to $4 per hundred and beets $4 a ton. To pay our debts and pay for the house all of us got together with a lot of hard work and the help of the Lord we pulled through. We also sold some hay for $5 per ton. In the Spring while the boys were thinning the beets, I was doing the summer fallowing, with the gang plow, with six horses; for a number of years. We started out with only three horses on the farm for a number of years. We could not raise hay without water. We had to haul the hay for the horses from town. Also, for the headers Mother would come over and cook for them. At the first harvest we did not have very much, and I was away trying to earn some money to pay for the heading. Louise and Preston drove over and brought them their dinner. I also went up to Glendale one summer and helped Fred Wanner and Hyrum Jensen get up their hay. They gave me a ton of hay for three days work with wagon and team and I would haul it over to the farm. That was during the early part of our farming that I am writing on this page some of our hardships.

In order to make some money to pay for the farm and to live, as we only raised grain, as we had no water on the farm, I would work on the header and do stacking. Also, I would go out with Fred Nuffer and Fred Steuri doing cement work for school houses, and other buildings. I worked for Joseph Moser as a carpenter on the Gymnasium, also did cement work, while Fred was hauling gravel. I hauled the first load of gravel for that building, also hauled gravel for the Jefferson School Building. I worked for Struve on the 4’h Ward Meeting house doing cement work on many houses in town. I had my team hauling gravel when they built the first sidewalks in Preston, until they were finished, then to the City Water Reservoir. When the Utah-Idaho Central Railroad was built I worked on the cut south of town ten hours a day for $2. Again I helped Joseph Moser when he built the beet dump, the high line by Tom Clayton’s place. I then got a job on the dump with the Sugar Co., loading beets on the cars. The next two years I was tare man for the company, and got lots of scoldings from the farmers, but the company treated me well. They used to pile any beets on the ground in large piles in different places, and haul them on the cars later. So, the boys Fred, Joseph and I would haul beets the rest of the fall. We would leave right after daylight and work until dark, so when Sunday came we were glad to get a short rest and go to Church, or I would be called to visit some Ward in the Stake in the interest of religion class to get in into the school, and on Monday back to work.

Going back to the farm work, in the fall of 1931 and 1932 I bought a herd of sheep to fatten, then took them to Denver to market to help get out of debt. While Fred was living on the Miles place and Joseph on the farm there was some difficulty, I do not know what it was, and Joseph moved back to town. Fred moved into the house on the farm and young Fred Wanner moved in where Fred had lived, as he had him working for him in 1936. I bought a tractor to do the farming, and did the summer fallowing with it that Spring. As Charles Nelson was janitor of the Ward House he asked me if l did not want to take the janitor job. So I had another job, which the girls helped me with at $11 a month, but it all helped. That was during the First World War.

Thinking it was time to retire from farming at the age of sixty-six I sold the farm in 193 7 to my son Fred. In Jun 1937 I bought the Dodge car and the Gamble home. The next year the McCarry farm. The summer of 1937 we went on a trip, Mother and I, Louise, the twins, and Joe and Gretta to Los Angeles, visiting Jim Cummings and Fred Nuffer. From there to San Francisco, then on Highway 1001 , the Redwood Road to Portland, Oregon up the Columbia River to Boise, Idaho and back. I had to come home after over two weeks absence. Mother and I had been to Los Angeles by train to visit Jim and Anna, when they lived at Beverly Glen, and again when she died the 25 January 1928. As given before the third time to California and again to San Francisco to the fair. Mother and I, Louise, Joe and Gretta, when Gretta took sick. After Mothers death, myself and Louise, Ida and Gilbert, went to Los Angeles the fourth time. Later when Jimmy Cummings was married I went on the bus to his wedding. Some years after Mother’s death, I and Louise and the twins went on a trip by car to Zions National Park, Cedar Breaks, and Bryce’s Canyon and to Yellowstone. The first time we went to Yellowstone National Park with Mother, Louise, Roy and Clara. The last time we went Louise, the twins, Donald and Joe and Getta and I went. We also went a few time to Nephi to the Roundup.

These years while Ward Chairman of the Genealogical Committee, we assisted the Stake in getting up large excursions to the temple on the U. I. C. Railroad, every month. All during our married life we would go to the temple every years as often as we were able to go. We carried on research work through the Genealogical Office in Salt Lake City, and we received sheets of names on the Nuffer and Wanner line, and my mothers Griener line, all at our own expense. I have the sheets in my trunk with the work all completed as you will find them there.

For twenty years after buying the Chevrolet car and the Dodge, we went to the Temple, whenever we could once or twice a month with a full car of people from the 2nd and 1st ward, until I took sick in December 1948. Since then I have been to the Temple three times. I am writing this May 11, 1950.While going to the Temple one February morning early it was snowing and the road was slick. I had with me in the car Mother, Louise, Brother and Sister Rindlisbacher and Mrs. Clarence Corbridge. As I was getting near the Utah line I felt there was trouble ahead. I was going about twenty-five miles an house, when George Wanner passed me. When half a mile over the Utah line the car struck a bump in the road and turned over in the barrow pit then over on its side. At that time a car came and took all but Mother and I and Louise to the Temple. Then came Orion Jensen and took Mother and Louise to the Preston Clinic to be examined by the doctor. I stayed with the car until Petterborg came. The damage on the car was over a hundred dollars.

Some months later Mother began to have pains in her back and kept getting worse as time went on. During July she got so bad I took her to the Preston Hospital for an xray. She was there for a week, and Doctor Cutler said we had better take her to the L. D. S. Hospital in Salt Lake as they could not do anymore for her there. We went to Salt Lake July 24th we were told that she had tumor of the spine. She was there for a week, when we were told that they could not do more for her so we bought her home. She died the 10th August 1940.

1 February 1949

Dear Children of Mine,

If your Mother was alive as I am writing, we would be celebrating our 55th Wedding Anniversary, but as it has fallen my lot I’m all alone in this home where you all have been brought up under her loving influence and with my deepest love for you all. I shall ever thank God, my Heavenly Father for the gospel and its blessings.