If They Will But Serve the God of the Land

This is the year of the Semiquincentennial of the United States of America. I have wondered multiple times about this moment in time. I am fortunate to be alive to experience this year. I have heard others tell of their experiences with the Bicentennial and what a special occasion it was. I don’t recall reading much of the 1926, 1876, or 1826 celebrations. Although I know there were some in 1826, as there are references to them especially trying to get Thomas Jefferson and John Adams to attend events for that occasion.

Massachusetts State House – April 2026

From all I have read and reviewed for this year, I have a profound sense of achievement and pride in how these things have come to be and how we mostly still are as we should be. I feel that much since Independence has also been inspired. Earlier this year, I was fortunate to go to Boston. For the Semiquincentennial, I was excited. In the evenings after classes, I would walk all over Boston, with friends, to see the sights.

It is with that, I share this address from the April 1976 General Conference. This was given by N. Eldon Tanner for the Bicentennial. What he spoke of on that date seems as timeless as it fully applies even today. He took his title from the Book of Ether, given to the Jaredites as they first reached this continent:

“Behold, this is a choice land, and whatsoever nation shall possess it shall be free from bondage, and from captivity, and from all other nations under heaven, if they will but serve the God of the land, who is Jesus Christ.” (Ether 2:12)

“This being the first general conference in the bicentennial year of the United States of America, I have been doing much pondering and contemplating of this event as it relates to the gospel and the great plan of life and salvation. We are all reading and hearing much concerning the events connected with the founding of this country, and with the modern devices available to us today, the news media reach throughout the world, and we are all aware of our interrelationship with one another’s countries.

“We would expect every man to be loyal to his native land—the land in which he was born, the land in which he lives, works, and rears his family. I think of the words of Sir Walter Scott in “The Lay of the Last Minstrel”:

“Breathes there the man, with soul so dead,

“Who never to himself hath said,

“This is my own, my native land!

“Whose heart hath ne’er within him burn’d

“As home his footsteps he hath turn’d

“From wandering on a foreign strand!

Old State House – Boston – April 2026

“During the last few weeks I, with President Kimball and others of the official party, have had the privilege of attending area conferences in New Zealand, Australia, and the beautiful islands of the South Seas. New Zealand claims to be a choice land and favored by the Lord, and the night before we left Tahiti, one of the Brethren said, “Well, tomorrow we will be driven out of the Garden of Eden.”

“We were most favorably impressed by the beauties of the countries wherever we went. Sister Tanner said, “We surely live in a beautiful world.” Yes, all countries are greatly blessed by the Lord, and each is uniquely different in its beauties, its people, customs, and traditions.

“Today, however, I should like to confine my remarks to a discussion concerning the Western Hemisphere, and particularly to the United States of America, and to point out the destiny of America in the Lord’s eternal plan. The discovery of the Americas was not an accident. The event had been foreordained in the eternal councils. The prophets of old had it in view. Jacob foresaw it when he blessed his son Joseph, calling him “a fruitful bough by a well, whose branches run over the wall … unto the utmost bound of the everlasting hills.” (Gen 49:22, 26.)

“Moses too made promises to the tribe of Joseph, whose land, America, was to be precious for the things of heaven and of earth, and who would “push the people together to the ends of the earth.” (See Deut 33:13-17.) These are just some of the biblical prophecies, and we have the Book of Mormon record which tells of the Jaredites who were the first to come to America. They came at the time of the confusion of languages during the building of the tower of Babel.

“Just as Noah was directed, these people too were instructed to build ships to carry them on the waters. When all was in readiness, they boarded their vessels and “set forth into the sea, commending themselves unto the Lord their God.” (Ether 6:4.)

“The account states, “And when they had set their feet upon the shores of the promised land they bowed themselves down upon the face of the land, and did humble themselves before the Lord, and did shed tears of joy before the Lord, because of the multitude of his tender mercies over them.” (Ether 6:12.)

“Then, six hundred years before the birth of Christ, a prophet by the name of Lehi, who had been crying repentance unto the inhabitants of Jerusalem, was commanded by the Lord to depart with his family into the wilderness. Because of the things which he had testified concerning the wickedness of the people and the pending destruction of Jerusalem, he was mocked and scorned, and the people sought to take his life. In obedience to the Lord’s instructions, he departed with his family and others, and after a period in the wilderness, they too were instructed to build a ship and sail for the promised land. We read, “And it came to pass that after we had sailed for the space of many days we did arrive at the promised land; and we went forth upon the land, and did pitch our tents; and we did call it the promised land.” (1 Ne. 18:23.)

“While in the wilderness Nephi, the son of Lehi, was permitted to see in vision the things that would transpire concerning the destiny of America—the promised land. He said, “And I looked and beheld a man among the Gentiles, who was separated from the seed of my brethren by the many waters; and I beheld the Spirit of God, that it came down and wrought upon the man; and he went forth upon the many waters, even unto the seed of my brethren, who were in the promised land.” (1 Ne. 13:12.)

“This, as we know, refers to Christopher Columbus, who was impelled by the Spirit of God to cross the ocean for the rediscovery of America, thus assisting in the furthering of God’s purposes.

“Columbus himself, in a letter to the Spanish hierarchy, wrote, “Our Lord unlocked my mind, sent me upon the sea, and gave me fire for the deed. Those who heard of my emprise called it foolish, mocked me, and laughed. But who can doubt but that the Holy Ghost inspired me?” (Quoted in Mark E. Petersen, The Great Prologue, Deseret Book Co., 1975, p. 26.)

“During the voyage, after weeks of sailing with no sign of land, mutiny raised its head. Finally, Columbus promised the captains of the Pinta and the Niña, both of whom wanted to turn back, that if no land was sighted in forty-eight hours, they would turn back. Then he went to his cabin and, in his words, “prayed mightily to the Lord.” On October 12, the very next day, they sighted land.

“Nephi saw in vision also the coming of the Pilgrims, who came to escape religious persecution. He foresaw the coming to America of peoples from many nations, their wars and contentions. As Nephi said, they did humble themselves before the Lord and “the power of God was with them, and also that the wrath of God was upon all those that were gathered together against them to battle.

““And I, Nephi, beheld that the Gentiles that had gone out of captivity were delivered by the power of God out of the hands of all other nations.” (1 Ne. 13:18-19.)

“Thus the American colonies attained their independence and set up the government of the United States, all under the divine intervention of God in preparing this land for its divine destiny.

“At this point we pay tribute to those great men who accepted and met the great challenge to establish a constitution for the government of this so-called new land. That this too was divinely inspired is attested by the word of the Lord when he said, “According to the laws and constitution of the people, which I have suffered to be established, and should be maintained for the rights and protection of all flesh, according to just and holy principles;

““That every man may act in doctrine and principle pertaining to futurity, according to the moral agency which I have given unto him, that every man may be accountable for his own sins in the day of judgment.

““Therefore, it is not right that any man should be in bondage one to another.

““And for this purpose have I established the Constitution of this land, by the hands of wise men whom I raised up unto this very purpose, and redeemed the land by the shedding of blood.” (D&C 101:77-80.)

Old North Church – Boston – April 2026

“No constitution on earth has endured longer than this one. We seek, and usually find, the answers to today’s questions in this document of yesterday. It was and is a miracle. Both Washington and Madison referred to it as such. It is an inspired document written under the guidance of the Lord. James Madison, commonly called the father of the Constitution, recognized this inspiration and gave the credit to “the guardianship and guidance of the Almighty Being whose power regulates the destiny of nations, whose blessings have been so conspicuously dispensed to this rising republic.” (Petersen, Prologue, p. 95.)

“We believe that the Constitution was brought about by God to ensure a nation where liberty could abound and where his gospel could flourish. Joseph Smith said, “The Constitution of the United States is a glorious standard—it is founded in the wisdom of God—it is a heavenly banner.” (Petersen, Prologue, p. 75.)

“Among other things, the Constitution guaranteed the religious freedom that allowed the Reformation to continue and flourish. Many of these great reformers stated that their effort was to reassert the basic Christian teachings of the Bible—but they acknowledged that they possessed no authority to administer the ordinances of the Church, or to reestablish the original church of Jesus Christ. Luther said, “Christianity has ceased to exist among those who should have preserved it.”

“Roger Williams, founder of the Baptist Church in America, said, “There is no regularly constituted church on earth, nor any person qualified to administer any church ordinances.” (LeGrand Richards, A Marvelous Work and a Wonder, Deseret Book Co., 1973, p. 29.)

“We believe that both freedom and the continuing reformation that flourished here occurred in preparation for a restoration from heaven of the full gospel of Jesus Christ. That restoration began in the United States of America in the 1820s through the instrumentality of the Prophet Joseph Smith, who was chosen by the Lord and who, through personal manifestations from heavenly messengers, received pertinent records which contained the authentic record of early American peoples and God’s dealings with them. He received the priesthood and authority to reestablish the church of Jesus Christ in these latter days.

Paul Ross and Paul Revere statue – Boston – Old North Church in background – April 2026

“At the time of this restoration, God the Father and his Son Jesus Christ actually appeared to Joseph Smith, as they had appeared to leaders of previous dispensations. They announced to him that Christ’s church would be reestablished upon the earth, with a restoration of the same principles and ordinances and organization which existed in the primitive church, from which there had been an apostasy as documented by irrefutable evidence. This restoration was the greatest event in the history of mankind since the birth, death, and resurrection of our Savior, Jesus Christ.

“Significantly, the early Americans to whom we have referred were aware of the birth, death, and resurrection of the Savior because they saw the same signs and wonders as those in the Old World foretelling the coming of the Lord, his life, mission, and subsequent death and resurrection.

“Referring to these same early Americans, the Lord said, as recorded in the New Testament, “And other sheep I have, which are not of this fold: them also I must bring and they shall hear my voice; and there shall be one fold, and one shepherd.” (1 John 10:16.)

“In the Book of Mormon we have a beautiful account of Christ’s visit to these “other sheep” following his resurrection, when they heard his voice and recognized him as he showed the nail prints in his hands and feet. We know these were the “other sheep” because he said, “Ye are they of whom I said: Other sheep I have which are not of this fold.” (3 Ne. 15:21.) He taught them the gospel. He instituted the sacrament and ordained disciples. He gave authority to confer the Holy Ghost, healed the sick, and blessed the little children. He prayed unto the Father for them.

“We read, “The eye hath never seen, neither hath the ear heard, before, so great and marvelous things as we saw and heard Jesus speak unto the Father;

““… and no one can conceive of the joy which filled our souls at the time we heard him pray for us unto the Father.” (3 Ne. 17:16-17.)

“Now, what of America’s future? How can we best show our appreciation to God for these marvelous blessings of freedom, of a place where his true and everlasting gospel was restored, of the preparation and divine guidance in every event leading to that most significant event? We must remember what the Lord told the Jaredites when they were first brought to this land: “Behold, this is a choice land, and whatsoever nation shall possess it shall be free from bondage, and from captivity, and from all other nations under heaven, if they will but serve the God of the land, who is Jesus Christ, who hath been manifested by the things which we have written.” (Ether 2:12; italics added.)

“Many years ago in a volume entitled Beacon Lights of History, Dr. John Lord, referring to the discovery of America, said, after speaking of her great potential, “The world has witnessed many powerful empires which have passed away and left ‘not a track behind.’ What remains of the antediluvian world? … What remains of Nineveh, of Babylon, of Thebes, of Tyre, of Carthage—those great centers of wealth and power? What remains of Roman greatness even, except in laws and literature and renovated statues? … What is the simple story of all the ages?—industry, wealth, corruption, decay, and ruin. What conservative power has been strong enough to arrest the ruin of the nations of antiquity?

““Now if this is to be the destiny of America—an unbounded material growth, followed by corruption and ruin—then Columbus has simply extended the realm for men to try material experiments. Make New York a second Carthage, and Boston a second Athens, and Philadelphia a second Antioch, and Washington a second Rome, and we simply repeat the old experiments.

““But has America no higher destiny than to repeat the old experiments and improve upon them and become rich and powerful? Has she no higher and nobler mission? If America has a great mission to declare and to fulfil, she must put forth altogether new forces, and these not material. And these alone will save her and save the world. … The real glory of America is to be something entirely different from that of which the ancients boasted. And this is to be moral and spiritual—that which the ancients lacked.”

“We are all a part of America’s future. Our job is to learn and benefit from the past and to go forward in righteousness, keeping the commandments of God. In this connection the prophet Lehi said, “Wherefore, this land is consecrated unto him whom he shall bring. And if it so be that they shall serve him according to the commandments which he hath given, it shall be a land of liberty unto them; wherefore, they shall never be brought down into captivity; if so, it shall be because of iniquity; for if iniquity shall abound cursed shall be the land for their sakes, but unto the righteous it shall be blessed forever.” (2 Ne. 1:7.)

“As we pray daily to God for guidance, we should all make the same plea as George Washington did in his prayer for our country:

““Almighty God, who has given us this good land for our heritage, we humbly beseech Thee that we may always prove ourselves a people mindful of Thy favor and glad to do Thy will.

““Bless our land with honorable industry, sound learning and pure manners.

““Save us from violence, discord and confusion; from pride and arrogancy, and from every evil way.

““Defend our liberties, and fashion into one united people the multitudes brought out of many kindreds and tongues.

““Endue with the spirit of wisdom those whom in Thy name we entrust the authority of government, that there may be peace and justice at home, and that through obedience to Thy law, we may show forth Thy praise among the nations of the earth.

““In the time of prosperity, fill our hearts with thankfulness, and in the day of trouble, suffer not our trust in Thee to fail.

““All of which we ask through Jesus Christ, our Lord. Amen.”

“We encourage our people to be good, loyal, law-abiding citizens. “We believe in being subject to kings, presidents, rulers, and magistrates, in obeying, honoring, and sustaining the law.” (A of F 1:12.)

William Prescott statue – Bunker Hill Monument – April 2026

“Also, it is our duty to seek diligently for and support and uphold good, honest, honorable, and wise representatives to govern us. Let me reiterate the message left with the Saints nearly sixty years ago at the general conference in April 1917 when Elder Anthony W. Ivins, after discussing religious liberty and the Constitution, said, “I feel authorized to say, here this afternoon, that these liberties which have come to men, both religious and civil, have not been established by the Lord to be destroyed, but that they are here to remain until liberty shall prevail from the rivers to the ends of the earth, until God’s kingdom shall be established among men, and his will done upon earth as it is done in heaven. Until the universal Fatherhood of God, and brotherhood of man shall be recognized, and the kingdoms of this world become the kingdoms of Christ, who shall reign as Prince of Peace.” (Conference Reports, April 1917, pp. 54–55.)

“And I bear testimony that The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints is the kingdom of God here upon the earth, with the Lord directing the work through our prophet, President Spencer W. Kimball. May I urge everyone everywhere to help bring to pass righteousness, in whatever country you may reside, by obedience to the laws and ordinances of the gospel. If you are active members of the Church you will know what they are. If you are not, may I invite you to avail yourselves of the opportunity to investigate and gain a knowledge and testimony for yourselves that the gospel in its fulness has been restored, with the authority to administer the ordinances thereof, and is here upon the earth.

“Only as we accept and live the teachings of the gospel can the destiny which God planned for America be realized and the world united in peace and brotherhood. That this may speedily come to pass I humbly pray in the name of Jesus Christ. Amen.

Union Oyster House – Boston – April 2026
Oysters at Union Oyster House – Boston – April 2026 – Holly Sutherland – Tecla Druffel

A. Lietz Field Book No. 704

The morning of 29 November 2025 began at the Orem Utah Temple. That afternoon I visited Provo to document something Dr. James “Jim” T. Ross held in his possession I had never seen. Jim holds two journals that belonged to James Thomas Ross/Meredith, my Great Great Grandfather. On that Thanksgiving break afternoon I photographed all of those two books/journals. More than two hundred photographs in all. This post works through the first of those journals, page by page. Jim’s son, Dane, now holds the journals in his possession. Thank you to Jim and Dane for meeting with me on that occasion and letting me impose to document this important book.

A. Lietz Co. Field Book No. 704 — the journal cover
A. Lietz Co. Field Book No. 704 — the journal cover

The journal is an A. Lietz Co. Field Book No. 704, a brown hardcover surveyor’s field book manufactured in San Francisco. It is worn at the corners, age-stained, and was a working document. The A. Lietz Company appears to have been the premier supplier of surveying instruments and field books in the western United States. James came upon one at some point and repurposed it as a personal journal and scrapbook during his later California years. The traverse data, angles, and station distances running down the margins of many pages almost certainly predate his use of the book. He appears to have acquired and repurposed it, writing his own notes in the spaces between and beside the pre-existing contents and data.

One essential note before turning the pages: this is not a sequential journal. James did not fill it page by page from front to back. He appears to have opened it wherever he found space and written whatever was on his mind that day — current events, family records, financial accounts, scripture, geography, obituaries, trivia. A single page spread may contain entries from five different years, written months or years apart. Some pages are pure pre-existing surveyor’s data that James left entirely untouched. Others carry his own entries on every available line. Reading the journal requires understanding that it does not move chronologically.

The story of how James Thomas Ross/Meredith came to live in Lake County, California, in the late 1930s has been told on this website across a number of posts. The short version: he was born in Pulaski County, Virginia in 1869, the son of Nancy Adelene Shepherd Ross and James Meredith. He spent his early adult years in West Virginia, married Damey Catherine Graham in 1893, and by 1917 had moved his family to the Snake River Plain in Idaho. He was in Paul Idaho in 1925 when their daughter in law, Ethel Sharp Ross died. Jack and Edith’s children, and Jim and Damey’s grandchildren, were with them in Paul until 1926. The attempts at farming and employment in Idaho failed. The 1930 Census shows they relocated to Bend, Oregon. Damey died 3 February 1933 in Marysville, Yuba, California. Jim remarried to Etta Fountain on 6 June 1936 in Sacramento, Sacramento, California. Etta died 21 February 1946 visiting Phoenix, Maricopa, Arizona. He remarried to Martha Elnora Brewer on 14 July 1947 in Fresno, Fresno, California. He died 13 April 1951 in Fresno. His death certificate reads James R. Meredith.

Jim Ross in Provo

Jim Ross is the son of Eugene Dale Ross Sr. (1915–1986) and the great-grandson of James Thomas Ross/Meredith. Jim is a retired podiatrist and longtime Provo resident. Eugene served in the 1st Cavalry Division in World War II. He worked as a lathing and plastering contractor in California for forty years. Jim has maintained the family records in FamilySearch for many years.

The Field Book:

Transit table page with Evlin photographs and Patterson campaign card tucked in

Transit table page with Evlin photographs and Patterson campaign card tucked in

Transcription:
Patterson campaign card: For Efficiency in Office — Retain W.M. Patterson Incumbent For County Clerk Lake County — Election August 30 1938.
Written on photograph: Evlin.

Notes:
Three photographs are tucked into this page showing Evelyn Adaway Phibbs Collier — James’s granddaughter, the daughter of Fanny Elizabeth Ross Phibbs. “Evlin” is James’s phonetic rendering. The Patterson campaign card places James in Lakeport during the August 1938 primary election, if he received it personally. William Merrol Patterson (1904–1977) served as Lake County Clerk.

Dockweiler campaign card and Gertrude Coogan portrait tucked in the field book

Dockweiler campaign card and Gertrude Coogan portrait tucked in the field book

Transcription:
Left page — Dockweiler campaign card: Live and Let Live — Elect Congressman John F. Dockweiler (Candidate for Democratic Nomination) For Governor — Let’s Elect a California Man.
Left page — Coogan portrait label: Gertrude M. Coogan — B.S., M.B.A. — Money Creators.
Right page — Oregon has 61 precinks — Ill has 102 Countys — General Pershin[g] Age 80 Years Sept the 13 1940 — in 1860 thanks Given came on Nov the 30 — J.R. Meredith 3. wife or was To be, — Mrs. Marthey E. Brewer Fresno 4 Thesta St. Calif

Notes:
John Francis Dockweiler (1895–1943) sought the Democratic gubernatorial nomination in August 1938, losing to Culbert Olson. Gertrude Margaret Coogan (1898–1986) was best known for her 1935 book Money Creators. Her monetary reform arguments appear in James’s own handwriting later in the journal. The bottom entry records Martha Elnora Brewer’s address — James’s future third wife, whom he married 14 July 1947 in Fresno.

The Pages

Field Book No. 704, pages 1–2

Field Book No. 704, pages 1–2

Transcription:
Left page — Lake View Road [surveyor’s header] — The first factory and where. ans is a Glass fact in James Town. in Va — Lincoln 16 President he Chose William H Seward as Secretary of State. Assassinated April the 15 1865 Vice Pres Johnson become President. — Robert R. Livingstone Swor in George Washing[ton] to US President. — Flag Day is June the 14
Right page — Fought in Court — Petioner is Miss Tess Maria Saline of Los Angeles She calles it a Trick. Pension Plan in July the 22 1938 in Chronicle on Page 2, Col 3 — James R. Meredith Put in 120 — hundred & Twenty dollars to buy a Car to Mrs Etta Meredith July the 1939

Notes:
American history jottings on the left — Jamestown glassworks, Lincoln, Robert R. Livingston, Flag Day. The right page records a pension dispute in the San Francisco Chronicle on 22 July 1938, and James putting $120 toward a car for Etta in July 1939.

Field Book No. 704, pages 3–4

Field Book No. 704, pages 3–4

Transcription:
Left page — For Paint — Birth day Present P 3.50 — Paid by J.R.M. — Joe Louis won his heavy weight Title from James Braddock — Canifear[r]y is the Capte of Austrailia
Right page — J.R. Meredith Signed Papers To Frank Elkins in the same name as his children That is Ross. and they was Excepted the Same papers that was Signed by the name of James R. Meredith Elkins and the attorney Knew Ross and Meredith was the same man. — King George Birth Day. June the 15 1940 — Willington is the Capit of New Zeelion

Notes:
The right page carries a legally significant entry in the journal: James records signing papers to Frank Elkins using the name Ross, and that those papers were accepted the same as papers signed James R. Meredith, because Elkins and the attorney knew Ross and Meredith were the same man. This is James himself documenting the dual-surname situation that has complicated the genealogical record.

Field Book No. 704, pages 5–6

Field Book No. 704, pages 5–6

Transcription:
Left page — For Rheumatism — Potassium. Ioddie — 1. oz in one Pinte of Water and one T Spoon full. 2. Pr. day — the Second world War Broke out Sept 1939
Right page — Succed Pope Pius the 11 — is Pope Pius the 12 from China — Cardmel Perchilie age 63. he is the 2.62 Pope Sence Saint Peter. — Chamberlin Resined as Prime minst of Inglin May the 10 1940 — Churchill Takes his Place as Prime Min in Inglin May the 10 1940

Notes:
A home remedy for rheumatism, then the Second World War broke out in September 1939. The right page tracks Pope Pius XII succeeding Pius XI, and Chamberlain resigning on 10 May 1940, the same day Churchill took his place.

Field Book No. 704, pages 7–8

Field Book No. 704, pages 7–8

Transcription:
Left page — James R. Meredith was Borned 1869 or 1868 in Pulaski County V.a. — The Yanks and the Cin. Reds World Series — Enings: 1 no R / 2 no R / 3 no R / 4 no R / 5 no Runs / 6 no Runs / 7 H. Celler R. one Homer / Dickey Homer 3–1 / 8 0 / 9 0 — Yanks 7 Reds 4 — Hitler Birth Day. April the 20 1940 he is 51 years of age.
Right page — Feb the 1938 Lakeport Calif — J. Meredith and Son Ugene. came. and left at Merced. Feb the 22 1938 — Contatution Signed 1787 — Jessie James was Shot April the 3 1882 — Abe Lincoln was shot April the 15 1864 — 74 years ago — The Sun Runs 66000 miles per Hour. — Mount Eariat is 25,000 feet — Robert Hunt Sade the first Prayer at James Town V.a.

Notes:
A critical genealogical entry: James recording his own birth in 1869 or 1868 in Pulaski County, Virginia. Below that the 1939 World Series inning by inning, Yankees 7 Reds 4. The right page records Eugene Dale Ross Sr, Jim Ross’s father, visiting James in Lakeport in February 1938.

Field Book No. 704, pages 9–10

Field Book No. 704, pages 9–10

Transcription:
Left page — Dec the 25 1937. Lakeport Calif — R.L.R. left here. C.R. Lowell Taken him to Hopland. he was here 18 days. Came the 11 of Dec 1937 — Mary Ball was George Washington’s Mother. — Afram Turhune was Washington Gran Father. Martha Vestis was his wife a widow with 4 Children — Vern got drunk and had a fight with Mr. Russell Jan the 15 1938 — Bord met Jan the 10 and met again the 13 — Sent a letter To Florence Turner Jan the 7 1938 — Visited as wells Sunday the 1938 — Earth Quake Jan the 10 1938 — Jan the 16 1938 Rained all day
Right page — Franklin Delano Roosevelt President U.A. — Jan the 14 1938 James R. Meredith recieved his first old age help. in Lakeport Calif. $35.00 — Clipper plane took on the sea Captain Edward C. Musick Jan the 11 1938. No of men last of 7 aBoard — Plane Held Jan the 16 1938 men last was No 10 at Bozman Mont — Plane fell off the Coast of Calif Coming Clone. Crue of 7 Jan the 6 1938

Notes:
Robert Leonard Ross, James’s oldest son, born 1888, left Lakeport on Christmas Day 1937 after an 18-day visit. Charles Raymond Lowell (24 May 1888 — September 1967) drove him to Hopland. Lowell was Etta Fountain’s son by her first husband Charles Henry Lowell, born in Sacramento, a traveling salesman in Chicago during World War I, moving through Seattle, Honolulu, and Ellis Island in the early 1920s, in San Francisco by 1935 and San Mateo County by 1940. James refers to him throughout this journal as Dr. C.R. Lowell. The December 1935 entry records James borrowing $125 from him. C.R. loaned money, hosted Christmas dinners, and employed James as a day laborer. When Etta died 21 February 1946 in Phoenix while visiting Charles Raymond, he returned her remains to Sacramento for burial in the Fountain family plot. James gave him money for a wreath. Charles Raymond died in Phoenix in September 1967.

The right page records James’s first old age assistance payment of $35 on 14 January 1938. The remaining entries track the loss of the Samoan Clipper, piloted by Captain Edwin C. Musick, which disappeared on 11 January 1938 near Pago Pago.

Field Book No. 704, pages 11–12

Field Book No. 704, pages 11–12

Transcription:
Left page — Jan the 14 1938 Lakeport Calif — James R. Meredith bought a Jersey Cow for $50.00 from Mr. Harper. — Jan the 23 1938 Butter Sald to Mrs McCutchon 18¢ — Phillywine has bin a Teritory for 37 years to U.S. — The first Crop of wheat was Raised in Canires in 1870 — Cattle Ship was Sunk by the US navey — March the 1938 Los Angeles Flood — March 5 flood at Fresno — March the Plane lost with 9 People.
Right page — Jan the 21 1938 Lakeport Calif — Hyman Droped Joe. at 11 P.M. Dancing with Mrs Bogudons. at Kelsivelle. Bohoc us — Mr. Martin Feb the 25 1938 — 25 milk 10 cts / 26 10 / 27 10 / 28 10 / 28 40 — March 1938: 10 / 10 / 10 / 10 / 10 — Total 90

Notes:
James bought a Jersey cow for $50 from Mr. Harper on 14 January 1938 and ten days later was selling butter to Mrs. McCutchon for 18 cents. The March 1938 California flood entries. The right page records dancing at Mrs. Bogudons’ in Kelseyville and a milk account with Mr. Martin totaling 90 cents.

Field Book No. 704, pages 13–14

Field Book No. 704, pages 13–14

Transcription:
Left page — Jan the 17 1938 milk to Mrs Russell — 17 2 qts cream ½ P 80 — 19 1 lb of Butter 20 — ½ P. cream 35 — 21 M 2 qts 10 — 22 Cream 1.P 20 — milk 20 — 26 milk 20 — 27 milk 20 — 29 20 — 31 Cream milk 80 — Total 23 5[0] — Feb the 1938: 2 milk 2 qts Butter 1 lb Cream 50 — 4 milk cream 20 — 6 M and Cream 20 — 8 M Cream 20 — 10 M 40 — 12 M cream 20 — 14 Cream 4 85 — 16 M 20 — 18 M 20 — 20 M Cream 40 — 22 M 20 — 24 M Cream 30
Right page — 26 M 20 cts — 28 M 20 — March 1938: 20 ct / 30 / 40 / 20 — Total 49 50 / 30 20 — Jan. The 1 1940 — James R. Meredith and wife Etta was home all day. it is a raining it has bin raining 2 days and nights. We spent Xmas in San Francisco 7 days and went to Dr. Lowells in Sacramento 2 days.

Notes:
Detailed milk, cream, and butter sales to Mrs. Russell through January and February 1938. The right page jumps to New Year’s Day 1940: James and Etta home all day in the rain, having spent Christmas in San Francisco for seven days then two days at Dr. Lowell’s in Sacramento.

Field Book No. 704, pages 15–16

Field Book No. 704, pages 15–16

Transcription:
Left page — A Formula for Meat — 100 lbs meat Salt 10 lbs — 3 lbs Brown Sugar — 1 ounce Salt Petre — 1 ounce of Red Pepper — ½ ounce Black Pepper — Leave Side meat in 5 weeks — Hams and Shoulders 6 weeks then Soak in Cold water 3 to 4 days — lay it out over night and dry Salt. Then Pack in Barrell. Sprinkle Salt on as you Pack. Then Put on Brine Boil the Brine and Take off the Scum. Then Put it back in the Barrell — The first worlds Series Base Ball was Played in 1903 The Yanks has won 27 out of 34 Series
Right page — May The 15 1938 — A Plane with 9 People Crashed and found killed near Bakersfield — To Grow in Grace is To Grow in Love. We are saved By Grace. This is Love and God is Love. So we are saved by God. — Politician. Henman wrote the boy Stood on the Burning Deck. — The first Congress was held in the year of 1789

Notes:
A full meat-curing formula — hog-butchering knowledge from his Virginia and West Virginia roots. The right page opens with the 15 May 1938 Bakersfield plane crash, then a passage of religious reflection. “The boy stood on the burning deck” is the opening line of Felicia Hemans’s 1826 poem Casabianca, misattributed by James to a politician named Henman.

Field Book No. 704, pages 17–18

Field Book No. 704, pages 17–18

Transcription:
Left page — June the 21 Longest day — Sept the 23 Equile — Dec the 21 Longest night — March the 21 Equile — Slang name for Oklahoma is Suner — Indiana Hoosier State — 1 cubic foot of Gold weigh 1,200 lbs — melt Copper and Zinc Together makes Brass — Canada to increase her military Strength
Right page — June The 20 1935 meredith — Mrs Damie Ross was Sealed to James T.R. meredith in the temple at Salt Lake City Sister Romney acted as Proxie. — Roosevelt Speech To Congress Jan the 4 1939 — Bar B.Q. for Olson in Sacramento Jan The 7 1939

Notes:
Solstices, equinoxes, state nicknames, metallurgy, Canada’s military buildup on the left. The right page contains a significant genealogical entry: on 20 June 1935, James records that Damie Ross was sealed to him at the Salt Lake City Temple, with Sister Romney acting as proxy. FamilySearch confirms both James and Damey’s initiatory and endowment were performed the same day. The sealing was posthumous. Damey had died 3 February 1933. James was sixty-five and would marry Etta Fountain the following year, in June 1936.

Field Book No. 704, pages 19–20

Field Book No. 704, pages 19–20

Transcription:
Left page — Feb the 2 1939 Lakeport Calif — Bird. Gileland. was found Dead on the floor at his home by Mr. Watson — Pope Pious will be Bearied Tuesday Feb the 14 1939 — 1.61 first Pope — Pope Pious the 12 name is Cardnel Erchinia Perchilia the 1.62 Pope — The name of the Dove in the ark was Bertano — Trinton City is the Capt of new Jersy
Right page — 1789 first Congress met March the 11 Eleven States 1789 met 22 Seniters. 56 for the House — Washington Emourifated President. John Adams Vice President. March the 4 1939 — 150 years later they all meet in Wash. D.C. — President J. Franklin D Roosevelt 32 President. Vice P John. Nance. James Vice P — 76 Congress. 435 members of the House. Senit members 96 — the first Congress met on a Wedndsday 1789 this Congress met on Saturday March the 1939. Geo Washington Taken office april the 30 1789 — name of the Dove Bertano ark

Notes:
Bird James Gilliland was found dead on the floor of his home by Mr. Watson on 2 February 1939 in Lakeport. Gilliland had been born 15 January 1873 in Mount Ayr, Iowa, and was buried in Lakeport on 8 February 1939. The right page compares the First Congress of 1789 with the 76th Congress of 1939 at the 150th anniversary.

Field Book No. 704, pages 21–22

Field Book No. 704, pages 21–22

Transcription:
Left page — Saint Patric was Sold as a Slave in the year of 372. A.D. To Ireland — The 16 of March is Saint Joseph Day — Birth of Democracy was 1789 — In Egypt. There is Mountain 6 miles high Mount Everet or Eariat. — King Henry the 8 had 6 Wifes — Farilone Island. west of San Francisco 26 miles out There is 23 People live There. They Vote in San Francisco. it is a Light House Island noted for a resting Place all Kinds of Birds. They Get There Drinking water from a Tenist Court Rain water. Fearforino Island is Knowin as Goat Island
Right page — Birth Day of Boy Skauts was Feb the 1910 — Hubert Clark Hoover 1928 to 1931 President of USA — March the 9 1934 is Mother inlaw Day was the first Mother in law Day March 1934 was the first Mother inlaw Day — Venise St in San Francisco Taken its name from a mare at Sampson he lived on This Street. — March the 9 1934 was the first Mother in law Day — March the 1938 a Plane was lost with 7 People near Frezno. — Hitler Takes over Austry Hungear March the 11 1938 — Clarence Darro died March the 13 1938 he was Borned 1857 — Vienna the Capit of Austry

Notes:
The Farallon Islands 26 miles west of San Francisco, drinking water collected from a tennis court. Yerba Buena Island identified as Goat Island. Boy Scouts founded February 1910. Mother-in-Law Day on 9 March 1934 recorded twice. Venise Street in San Francisco named for a mare at Sampson’s. Hitler annexing Austria on 11 March 1938 with Hungary also noted. Clarence Darrow died 13 March 1938.

Field Book No. 704, pages 23–24

Field Book No. 704, pages 23–24

Transcription:
Left page — Madam Chants Ki Sheck is 40 years of age March the 25 1938 She was Educated U.S.A. — Appaily won the decision over Lee April the 1 1938 — Joe Louis won over Thomas in the 5 Round. April the 1938 — President Franklin D Roosevelt Spoke 45 min April the 15 1938 — James R. Meredith Got a letter Stating he would have to be in the State 15 years to be Eligible for old age Pension. April the 21 1938
Right page — The Democratic Party founded by Thomas Jefferson in 1790 — a man named Decader Created the cross on Top of the hill in San Francisco. 1920 Blue Mountain Davis Park James. Decader — Cherlie Temple was 9 years of age April the 23 1938 — unidisit is a wife tapattle William. Bada is the name of Buffalo Bill

Notes:
James received a letter in April 1938 stating he would need 15 years of California residency for the full old age pension. This explains the modest $35 assistance payment recorded earlier. Shirley Temple was 9 years old on 23 April 1938, James writes Cherlie.

Field Book No. 704, pages 25–26

Field Book No. 704, pages 25–26

Transcription:
Left page — The Wage Hour law became law Oct the 25 at mid night. — Robert C. Leonard was operated on at Napa Calif Oct the 18 1938 — A woman named was Eleecia. was used by Nero to Poison People that he did not like — Abe Lincoln’s wife name was Mary Todd.
Right page — Montreo the largest City in Conida — Otiwa the Capt of Conida — the Goverment of the People by the People For the People afe Speech at Linton Burg. 1863 Pennilvania — Dals Oregon is in Wasco County Oregon grove. Population. July the 1938 first Boat to arive at Bonivell and to the Dals are. — Suris River runs out of Conidy in To Iowa and Back into Conidy

Notes:
The Fair Labor Standards Act became effective midnight 25 October 1938. The right page mixes Canadian geography with the Gettysburg Address paraphrased from memory, Oregon geography including The Dalles and Bonneville Dam, and the Missouri River running out of Canada into Iowa.

Field Book No. 704, pages 27–28

Field Book No. 704, pages 27–28

Transcription:
Left page — Mr. Water Alen first To Speak on the Talkies. Moving Picture — Augustis Seizer was Borned 2000 years ago. Sept the 25 1938 — Oct the 12 is Columbus Day 1492 — John D. Rockerfellow left about 26 and ½ million Dolars Estate — Earth treamer No the 8 1938
Right page — Life Payment Act Reorganised No the 9 1938 — The Banking Sistem cuts 95 83 9 interest on Every single Dol a year — meredith I believe in working in Sted of weeping Take Things as they Come with a Smile. Do all the Good you Can to others. and you will be happy. — Pope Gragger Changed Xmas from Jan the 6 To Dec the 25

Notes:
The right page contains a more personal entry in the journal, James writing in his own voice: I believe in working in Sted of weeping. Take Things as they Come with a Smile. Do all the Good you Can to others. and you will be happy. Seems like a good motto.

Field Book No. 704, pages 29–30

Field Book No. 704, pages 29–30

Transcription:
Left page — President Wilson’s Wife name is Mrs Edith Bolling Wilson. Wilson died 1924 — Oct the 27 1940 is Navy Day — Franklin D. Roosevelt was Elected for the 3 Time. by 449 Electoral Votes Nov the 1940 — Wilftie Got 82 Electoral Votes
Right page — Charls Dickens wrote the Xmas Carol — J.R. Meredith and Mrs Etta Meredith went To San Francisco Dec the 25 To Mr. C.R. Lowells for Xmas Dinner. and back to Lakeport the 26 1938 had a nice time. received lots of Presents. Xmas Came on Sunday and the new year on Sunday. — John Brown. was Hanged on a tree in Johnstown

Notes:
Roosevelt’s third election with 449 electoral votes over Wendell Willkie’s 82. The right page records James and Etta traveling to San Francisco on Christmas Day 1938 to Charles Raymond Lowell’s for Christmas dinner, returning on the 26th. Christmas and New Year’s both fell on Sunday. This entry, combined with the New Year’s Day 1940 entry on pages 13–14, establishes a pattern of James and Etta spending Christmas with Charles Raymond Lowell each year. John Brown was actually hanged at Charles Town, Virginia in 1859, not Johnstown.

Field Book No. 704, pages 31–32

Field Book No. 704, pages 31–32

Transcription:
Left page — [Surveyor’s data only]
Right page — Nov the 5 1940 — Pres Franklin D. Roosevelt was reelected to the Presidency of the USA the only man to be Elected for the 3 term he was Elected in 1932 1936 — 1940 — James. R. Meredith — and Reelected in 1944. for the 4 term [crossed out]. Died April the 12 1945 Warm Springs Gorga

Notes:
The left page is pure surveyor’s data. The right page tracks Roosevelt’s career across two writing sessions, November 1940 recording his third election, then in different ink his 1944 fourth-term reelection and death on 12 April 1945 at Warm Springs, Georgia.

Field Book No. 704, pages 33–34

Field Book No. 704, pages 33–34

Transcription:
Left page — [Surveyor’s data only]
Right page — April the 6 1941 — the Jermons flew over invasion at 5. A.M. fake alarm

Notes:
On 6 April 1941, James recorded that the Germans flew over in an invasion at 5 A.M. — then added it was a false alarm. Almost certainly a reference to an air raid alert that swept the California coast during the anxious early months of American war preparedness.

Field Book No. 704, pages 35–36

Field Book No. 704, pages 35–36

Transcription:
Left page — [Surveyor’s data only]
Right page — Saint Ann. was the mother of. Mary The Gran Mother. of Christ. She was Past the age to Bare Children. when Christ was Born

Notes:
James records the apocryphal tradition that Saint Anne was the mother of the Virgin Mary and grandmother of Christ, and was past childbearing age when Mary was born.

Field Book No. 704, pages 37–38

Field Book No. 704, pages 37–38

Transcription:
Left page — Harry R. Bell Was Called first his no was 158 in the Draft Oct the 29 1940
Right page — Sep the 3 the Athenia Ship with 400 People Sank by Germany — Tom Wells left the the for Itly 1940 17 — the 4 of July Came on Thursday 1940 — Tomas Jeferson. 2. Pres John. Adams. 3. Pres Bothe Died the Same Day. July the 4 [crossed out] only not the Same Year

Notes:
Harry R. Bell was called first in the draft, number 158 drawn on 29 October 1940, the first peacetime draft lottery in American history. The right page records the sinking of the Athenia on 3 September 1939; Tom Wells leaving for Italy on 17 July 1940; and Jefferson and Adams both dying on 4 July. James noting “only not the Same Year,” though they died the same year, 1826.

Field Book No. 704, pages 39–40

Field Book No. 704, pages 39–40

Transcription:
Left page — Senitor Glass from Va age 83 Jan the 5 1941 Died may the 1945 87 of the 1946 88
Right page — The Berma Road in China was opened Oct the 17 1940 news Direct from China — Presiden Roosvelt Speech May The 27 1941

Notes:
Senator Carter Glass of Virginia (1858–1946), a fellow Virginian James was tracking, noting his age as 83 in January 1941 and his death in 1946 at age 88. Carter Glass was a prominent Virginia Democrat and co-author of the Federal Reserve Act. The right page records the reopening of the Burma Road on 17 October 1940 and Roosevelt’s unlimited national emergency speech of 27 May 1941.

Field Book No. 704, pages 41–42

Field Book No. 704, pages 41–42

Transcription:
Left page — J. R. Meredith went to work for C.R. Lowell Aug the 1944 — 24 one Day Per Day $3.33 — 25 one Day 3.33 — 26 one Day 3.33 — 27 one Day 3.33 — 28 one Day for 5 Days 3.33 — 29 one Day 3.33 — 30 one Day Received Cash $25.00 3.33 — 31 one Day Aug the 31. 1944 — Sept The 1 1944 $25.00 — [days 1–20 continuing at $3.33 then $3.95 then $3.93 per day with weekly totals] — new mana[gement]
Right page — J. R. Meredith went to work for Walden Sept the 11 — 1944 — Sept. 1944 — 21 one Day $3.93 — 22 one Day 3.93 — 23 one Day Birthday 3.90 — 24 one Day 27.5[1] — [days 25–30 continuing] — OCT the 1 Sunday one Day [days trailing off]

Notes:
These pages contain the most detailed employment record in the journal. In August 1944 James went to work for C.R. Lowell, at $3.33 per day, recording each day worked through the end of August and into September, receiving $25 cash on 31 August. The daily rate shifted to $3.95 and then $3.93, possibly reflecting a change in management noted at the bottom of the left page. Then on 11 September 1944 James went to work for someone named Walden, continuing the daily record through the rest of September. The 23 September entry is noted as his birthday. James was 74 years old in September 1944 and still working as a day laborer, recording each day carefully in his surveyor’s field book.

Field Book No. 704, pages 43–44

Field Book No. 704, pages 43–44

Transcription:
Left page — Oct The 2 1944 — [dates 2–17 listed with no entries beside them]
Right page — Galileiro invented the Penilum. Clock

Notes:
The left page is a continuation of the October 1944 work record. James listing the days of the month but leaving the entries blank. The daily employment record simply stops. The right page holds a single isolated entry: Galileo invented the pendulum clock. James’s spelling is characteristic — Galileiro and Penilum. Galileo did discover the isochronous properties of the pendulum around 1602, and his work laid the foundation for the pendulum clock, though the first practical pendulum clock was built by Christiaan Huygens in 1656.

Field Book No. 704, pages 45–46

Field Book No. 704, pages 45–46

Transcription:
Left page — Joseph Taken mary and the Child and fled into Egypt. be matthew C. 61 V. 14, 15, 19, 21, 23 — but Luke C. 2, V. 22, 39 Says he was Taken To Jerusalem. — There was one woman at the Sepulcher. John C 20 V. 1 but matthew C. 28. V. 1 Says it was 2 woman. and mark C. 16 V. 1 Says it was. 3. and Luke C. 24. V. 10 Says it was more Then. 3. — matthew C 12 V. 40 Says Christ was 3 Days and 3 nights in the Grave. but it was only 2 Days and 2 nights in the Grave. Count it your Self. — be mark C. 15 and C. 16
Right page — God Dwells in Light first Timothy. C. 6. V. 16 — God Dwells in Darkness first Kings C. 8 V. 12. and C. 18 V. 11 — Psalms C. 97 V. 2 God is Satisfide with his workes — Genesis C. 1 V. 31 God is not Satisfide with his workes — Genesis C. 6 V. 6 God is not the other of Evil. Psalms 5. 19 V. 7 8 — first Corin. C. 14 V. 33 — James C. 1 V. 13. God is the other of Evil. Thus Saith the Lord I frame Evil. Jeremiah C. 18 V. 11 and Isaiah C. 45. V. 7 and Amos C. 3 V. 6 — Ezekiel C. 20. V. 25 God Deceives the People — Jeremiah C. 4 V. 10 be first Kings C. 22 V. 22. 23 Judges C. 9 V. 23 and Ezek. C. 14 V. 9 The Lord Told Israel To Borrow Every thing the Could from Egyptian — Exodus C. 3 V. 21. 22 thou Shal not Rob the neighbor. Lev. C. 15 V. 2 3

Notes:
These pages reveal a side of James not seen before in the journal, a biblical student working through apparent contradictions with chapter and verse. The left page examines the flight into Egypt versus Luke’s account of the presentation in Jerusalem, the number of women at the sepulcher across the four Gospels, and the calculation of days and nights Christ was in the grave. The right page lists contradictions about the nature of God, whether God dwells in light or darkness, is satisfied with his works or not, is the author of evil. Each claim paired with its citation. Serious theological inquiry, not casual note-taking.

Field Book No. 704, pages 47–48

Field Book No. 704, pages 47–48

Transcription:
Left page — The Mollie. Maguires was Cole miners in Penn[sylvania] — Carson City Nevada The Smallis Capital in U.S.A. — Miss. Mary. Tod. was The wife of Abe Lincoln — We are forbiden to Put our interpretation on the Bible. Second Peter C. 1. V. 20 So we must Except it as it Says men of old wrote it as they were Directed by God.
Right page — There was 800 000 of Israel. and 500 000 of Juda. Second Sam. C 24 V. 9 but first Chron. C. 21 V. 5 Says there was 1.100 000 of Israel. and 4.70 000 of Juda. God Knew his figures Dont you Think. or Did he — Christ mission was not Peace. matthew C. 10 V. 34 and Luke C. 12. V. 49 — hear is Some of the Laws. how would you like to live by Them. Exodus C. 31 V. 14 15 and C. 34. V. 19 20. and C. 35 V. 2. 3 Read Leviticus C. 12 V. 1 to 8. C. 24 V. 16. 23 Numbers C. 8 V. 17. 18. C. 15. V. 32 to 36 C. 25 V. 1 to 4 and C. 31 — Deuteronomy C. 13 V. 6 to 10. C. 14. V. 21 C. 17. V. 12. 13 — Read C. 21. C 22. V. 21 Dent C. 25. V. 11. 12 and a law to Kill your own Son and Sell your Daughter.

Notes:
The Mollie Maguires were Irish-American coal miners in Pennsylvania, hanged in the 1870s. Carson City as the smallest state capital. Mary Todd Lincoln. James writes we are forbidden to put our own interpretation on the Bible (Second Peter 1:20), and must accept it as written by men directed by God. The right page lists Old Testament laws from Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers, and Deuteronomy, asking whether the reader would want to live by them. The tension with his left-page statement is worth noting: he insists the Bible must be taken as written, then works through passages that raise questions. He lets the citations speak for themselves.

Field Book No. 704, pages 49–50

Field Book No. 704, pages 49–50

Transcription:
Left page — Jeremiah C. 20 V. 7 Says God Deceived him — Now you Read this law. Dent C. 13. V. 6. 8. 10 and C. 17. V. 2 to V. 12 — and C. 27 V. 14 to 26 and C. 28 and C. 29 God made Slaves of his People. Read Exodus C. 21 V. 3 6 V. 26 27 Levitus C. 25. V. 44. 45 and Exodus C. 13. V. 1. 2 and V. 12 and Levitus C. 27 V. 29 Numbers C. 13 V. 3 Judges C. 11. V. 39 Dent C. 27. and Numbers C. 30 and Dent C. 23. V. 21 Second Sam C. 21. V. 8 to 14 and Read Levit C. 26. V. 14 to 28 Dent C. 28. V. 53 58 Jeremiah C. 19 V. 9 Ezek C. 5. V. 10 Read the whole Chapter. Dent C. 7. V. 1. 2. 10 and Dent. C. 20. V. 13. 14 and C. 21. V. 10 to 16 and numbers C. 31. V. 14 to 18 Some 60.000 the women and Children was murdered. Dent. C. 22. V. 13 to 21 Numbers C. 15. V. 32 to 36 Dent C. 23. V. 1 Some laws. Dont you agree —
Right page — you Can Take the Bible and Prove a lie to be the truth and Prove the truth to be a lie. in matthew C. 2 V. 13 14 Says Joseph was warned of God to Take the Child Jesus and his mother and flee into Egypt but Luke C. 2. V. 21. 22 and V. 39. Says they Taken him To Jerusalem V. 38 and they returned to there own City Galilee city of Nazareth. is Both those Prophes the Truth. Luke Says the Gentiles Put Christ to Death C. 18 V. 32. 33 but John C. 19 Says it was the Jews. are they Both Correct.? Luke C. 23. V. 44 Says it was about the 6. Hour. but mark Says C. 15 V. 25 it was the 3 Hour. Who is Correct.? Second Kings C. 2. V. 1 and V. 11 Says Elijah went up to heaven. but John C. 3. V. 13 Says no man Ever went up to heaven. if you Think Jehovah was a merciful

Notes:
The left page is a dense catalogue of Old Testament passages, ending: Some laws. Dont you agree. The right page opens with: you Can Take the Bible and Prove a lie to be the truth and Prove the truth to be a lie. James works through contradictions, the flight into Egypt versus Jerusalem, who put Christ to death, what hour of crucifixion, whether Elijah ascended to heaven. The page ends mid-sentence, if you Think Jehovah was a merciful, concluded on the next page.

Field Book No. 704, pages 51–52

Field Book No. 704, pages 51–52

Transcription:
Left page — God. Read numbers C. 31 how he Taught moses To Kill and Rob. and how he taught moses in Exodus C. 12 Isac the Hebrews To Borrow from the Egyptian and never paid any thing Back. and how he Deceived the People Read Jeremiah C. 4. V. 10 and C. 20. V. 7 and C. 13 V. 13. 14 and how he Put a lying Spirit in the Prophets mouth To Deceive Read Second Kings C. 22. V. 22. 23 and Read Isaiah C. 45. V. 7 Read C. 61. V. 8. 9 he Dont Believe in Robbing Read C. 63. V. 4. 5. 6. and V. 17 Read Amos C. 3. V. 6 Ezek C. 20. V. 25 Read Jeremiah C. 18. V. 11 Read Isaiah. C. 13. V. 16. 17. 18
Right page — [Surveyor’s data only]

Notes:
The sentence from page 50, if you Think Jehovah was a merciful, is completed here with God. James continues his catalogue: God commanding Moses to kill and rob, teaching the Hebrews to borrow from the Egyptians without repaying, deceiving the people, putting a lying spirit in the mouths of prophets. He ends with Isaiah 13:16–18. This is the most intellectually sustained writing in the journal, seven pages of biblical inquiry. The right page is surveyor’s data only.

Field Book No. 704, pages 53–54

Field Book No. 704, pages 53–54

Transcription:
Left page — [Surveyor’s data only]
Right page — The Corner Stone of the Lifeone at Hides Park was Laid. Nov the 19 1939 — Thomas. Woodro the Willson 28 President

Notes:
The right page records the laying of the cornerstone of the Roosevelt Library and Museum at Hyde Park, New York on 19 November 1939. James writing Lifeone for Library and Hides Park for Hyde Park. Roosevelt himself laid the cornerstone before nearly 1,000 people. The second entry notes Woodrow Wilson as the 28th President.

Field Book No. 704, pages 55–56

Field Book No. 704, pages 55–56

Transcription:
Left page — Jan The 15 1939 Mr. attorney Brady Sade to day that he would not Put any thing in the way of Gov. Olson m[aking] granting Tom Mooney a Pardon. for he Sad he had Knew for 14 years that the Evidence that Put Mooney in Prison was with out Foundations. Why then did they Keep him Thare. is the Corts always Corect
Right page — Nov the 1938 the Dolar liner Changed its name to American President — A Deckade is 10 years — Carl Marks was the Founder of Comanist — Britain has 2 Parties the Conservitas and the Lifeones. The USA has the Democrat and the Republican

Notes:
The Tom Mooney case, one of the most famous wrongful convictions in American labor history. Mooney had been convicted of the 1916 Preparedness Day Bombing and imprisoned for over two decades. On 15 January 1939 attorney Brady stated he would not oppose Governor Olson granting a pardon, having known for 14 years the evidence was without foundation. Olson pardoned Mooney on 7 January 1939. James’s question is pointed: Why then did they Keep him Thare. is the Corts always Corect.

The right page notes the Dollar Steamship Line changing its name to American President Lines in November 1938. Karl Marx as founder of Communism, James writes Carl Marks and Comanist. Britain’s two parties, the Conservatives and the Liberals, James writing Lifeones for Liberals, the same phonetic rendering as Lifeone for Library on pages 53–54, compared with America’s Democrats and Republicans.

Field Book No. 704, pages 57–58

Field Book No. 704, pages 57–58

Transcription:
Left page — Humidy is High Jan Swet the most Humidy is Judged by the moisture in the Air — Henry Ford was 75 yrs of age July the 29 1938 — Joe Rasen Brought Will Rogers and his Pardner Back to USA after the Crash 1935 — Will Rodgers was a indian
Right page — [Surveyor’s data — Honeymoon Cove] — a Man Can Get on First base 4 diferent ways with out Hitting the Ball. first by a walk. Second Catcher. Enumerating the Strike. Third by a hit Ball. forth by a droped Ball. — in the White Cap Crime killing a man. Will Perso. was Convicted for a crime he never Commited. 2 years later the forman of the Jury Confest the Crime — California admitted to USA in 1850

Notes:
Humidity measured by moisture in the air. Henry Ford turned 75 on 29 July 1938. Will Rogers, the Cherokee humorist and actor, died in a plane crash near Point Barrow, Alaska on 15 August 1935 along with aviator Wiley Post; James notes he was an Indian. The four ways a batter can reach first base without hitting the ball. The White Cap crime entry records a man named Will Perso convicted of a killing he never committed, with the jury foreman confessing two years later. California admitted to the USA in 1850.

Field Book No. 704, pages 59–60

Field Book No. 704, pages 59–60

Transcription:
Left page — Chamberlin from Ingland visited Hitler Sept the 15 — 1938 — 17 — Saint Johns day is Oct the 23 — Saint Joseph day is March the 19 the Birds that is Swallows leave the west Oct the 23 the 19 of March they return
Right page — Finger Printing first Started in China and finished in France. Fish do here. they have ears under there Skull. — 1789 the Contution was writen James Madison wrote in free Speech free Esemily free Religion — Robert E. Lee Run his race 200 Miles in 18.72 — Albert Dier was hanged Friday Sept the 15 — 1938

Notes:
Chamberlain visited Hitler on 15 September 1938, the first of three meetings leading to the Munich Agreement. Saint John’s Day on 23 October and Saint Joseph’s Day on 19 March, with swallows leaving on 23 October and returning on 19 March. The right page covers fingerprinting originating in China, fish having ears under their skulls, the Constitution written in 1789 with James Madison credited for free speech, free assembly (James writes Esemily), and free religion. Robert E. Lee running a 200-mile race in 1872, details unclear. Albert Dier hanged on Friday 15 September 1938.

Field Book No. 704, pages 61–62

Field Book No. 704, pages 61–62

Transcription:
Left page — The Grange was instituted 1884 — Frankfooter. aded to the Supream Cort bench Jan the 5 1939 by Roosevelt — Rome is Called The Everlasting City because never bin Destroied — a man by the name of Shampain is the Father of Canida. as George Washington is the Father of USA — Emma Goleman Died may the 14 1940 She was the age of 70 years
Right page — There is 796 Langies Spoken in the world. — Nov the 24 164 years ago the Decleration of Independance was Signed — Gosnor Bradford Sent out Some men for Some Birds and they Brought back Turkeys. and he Called it Thanks Given day 16 21

Notes:
The Grange instituted in 1884. Felix Frankfurter added to the Supreme Court bench by Roosevelt on 5 January 1939. Rome as the Eternal City. Samuel de Champlain as the father of Canada, paralleled with George Washington as the father of the USA. Emma Goleman died 14 May 1940 at age 70. The right page records 796 languages spoken in the world. The Declaration of Independence signed 164 years ago, placing this entry around 1940. Governor Bradford sent men for birds, they returned with turkeys, and he called it Thanksgiving Day in 1621.

Field Book No. 704, pages 63–64

Field Book No. 704, pages 63–64

Transcription:
Left page — The Govner Called Thanks Givin July the 30 in 1623 — Prs Madison had one Thanks Givin in Dec and one in April. — Abe Lincoln the First President to make Thanks Givin national holiday in 1863.
Right page — the Distance to the moon is 238000 — Italians Joined the War on Jan the 10 — 1940 — The 284 Day of the war Italion warned the USA in the Speech — Bulgeary went over to the Axes. March 1 — 1941

Notes:
The left page continues the Thanksgiving origin story from pages 61–62. Governor Bradford called it Thanks Giving on 30 July 1623. President Madison had one Thanksgiving in December and one in April. Abraham Lincoln made Thanksgiving a national holiday in 1863. The right page records the distance to the moon as 238,000 miles. On the 284th day of the war, Italy warned the USA in a speech. Bulgaria went over to the Axis on 1 March 1941.

Field Book No. 704, pages 65–66

Field Book No. 704, pages 65–66

Transcription:
Left page — Dec The 19 1938 — Rash is Russia. Meshech is Moscow. Tubal is Tofalsk. — Anti Christ is Political Leader Mussalini. — 8000 Treaties has bin Signed witch was to last for Ever but avarised only 2 years. — The True Church Col. 1.18 the Harlet Rev 17. 9. 18 the Pope in Hebrew Spells 6.66 in Greek it means the Latin King. and Spells 6.66 The Pope Wears no 666 on the Lapel of his Coat Has history will Conker the Vatican Rome is in
Right page — Vaticins Fili Dei all Popes has D 500 this name of V 5 Honor C 100 V 5 L 50 666 — Germany Taken Paris France June the 14 1940 She will Take Every Thing they Can Get look out U.S.A. — J. R. Meredith

Notes:
James identifies Rosh as Russia, Meshech as Moscow, and Tubal as Tobolsk, a dispensationalist reading of Ezekiel 38. He identifies the Anti-Christ as Mussolini, and notes 8,000 treaties signed to last forever but averaging only two years. The right page works out the calculation that the papal title Vicarius Filii Dei yields 666 in Roman numerals (D=500, V=5, C=100, V=5, L=50) — a common anti-Catholic argument in Protestant prophecy literature. Germany taking Paris on 14 June 1940 follows with, James’s warning: will Take Every Thing they Can Get. look out U.S.A. The page closes with his signature: J. R. Meredith.

Field Book No. 704, pages 67–68

Field Book No. 704, pages 67–68

Transcription:
Left page — Henry Ford July the 30 was 77 years of age 1940 — Speaker. W.B. Bank Head Died Sept the 15 1940 — President Pierce 1853 — 1856 — Zachiran Taylor 1847 — To 1851 — Lincoln 1860
Right page — [Surveyor’s data — Honeymoon Cove] — Windel. Wilkie’s old home where he was Born. Elwood Ind. now Candidate for Pres as Republican 1940 he was Born Feb the 18 92 he Accepts the Candidacy of President of the Republican Party 1940 he was Excepted Aug the 17 — 1940 — Van Cooter was Bomed June the 20 1942 Oregon Coast was Bomed June the 21 — 1942

Notes:
Henry Ford turned 77 on 30 July 1940. Speaker William Brockman Bankhead died 15 September 1940. Presidential terms: Franklin Pierce 1853–1856, Zachary Taylor 1847–1851, Lincoln elected 1860. Wendell Willkie’s birthplace, Elwood, Indiana, and his acceptance of the Republican presidential nomination on 17 August 1940, born 18 February 1892. Then two World War II entries: Vancouver bombed June 20 1942, and the Oregon Coast bombed June 21 1942, referring to the Japanese submarine shelling of Fort Stevens, Oregon on 21 June 1942, the only attack on a US military installation on the continental United States during the war.

Field Book No. 704, pages 69–70

Field Book No. 704, pages 69–70

Transcription:
Left page — Joseph Dill Died June the 22 1943 6.71 — 4 St San Rafael Calif he was a nephew. Boot Black.
Right page — Feb 9 1941 Death Come to Reed Smute in Floridy Funeral Serv held in Salt Lake Feb the 14 1941 — Mr Blake Said that MC ather Knew what was Going on in Mas Co. but MC ather Says he was not informed of what was Going on. Mr Foster give this over the Radio and he Said this was a Contradiction Then why isent St John C. 5. V. 31 and John C. 8. V. 14 a Contradiction Christ Said John was Elias but John Says he was not Elias. John C. 1. V. 21 is this a Contradiction.?

Notes:
Joseph Dill was born 1 January 1899 in Spurger, Texas, to Nathaniel Ervin Dill and Leticia Barlow. He grew up in East Texas, lived in Louisiana in the 1920s, and settled in San Rafael, Marin County by 1935. He died 22 June 1943 at 671 4th Street, San Rafael, and was buried in Silsbee, Texas. He had registered for the military draft in San Rafael in February 1942. James notes he was a boot black and calls him a nephew — the nature of any connection is not established by available records.

The right page opens with the death of Reed Smoot on 9 February 1941 in Florida, the longtime Utah Senator and LDS apostle, with his funeral held in Salt Lake City on 14 February 1941. The remainder continues the biblical inquiry, using contradictory radio testimony about McArthur as a launching point for further scriptural contradictions about John and Elias.

Field Book No. 704, pages 71–72

Field Book No. 704, pages 71–72

Transcription:
Left page — man in San Rafael that was 25 miles to San Francisco but one other Pertbalman Said it only 18 miles. was this a Contradiction? — Aaron was 83 years of age when he Stept in to help moses lead the Hebrews out of Egypt. he hadent Sun made for 40 years. Moses was 80 years of age. They had quite a Plan. to live off of the People mose had bin with Jethro and Yahweh Witch after was named Jehovah. Jethro was a Priest for Yahweh for he was a Canmonite God and Changed it to Jhodah When he and Moses Adopted the Hebrews.
Right page — and he Said if they would be to him a People he would be To them a God — yet he was only a man. Ruler of all local Gods in Cannan. Read the Egyptian history. but he was not as honest as was To Jo. he was Japans God but Dec the 30 1945 he Told the People at Japan that it was not So. it was a fake if Jhodah had bin that honest There would not bin so many People fooled. No To Told the People he was God for Gone. So Did Jehovah and moses and Aaron. Pries Craft

Notes:
The left page opens with another contradiction, two men giving different distances from San Rafael to San Francisco, then moves into an analysis of Moses and Aaron: their ages (Aaron 83, Moses 80), their plan to lead and live off the people, and the identification of Yahweh as a Canaanite god that Jethro, a Midianite priest, introduced to Moses, later renamed Jehovah when he and Moses adopted the Hebrews.

The right page continues: Jehovah promised to be their God if they would be his people, but James argues he was simply a man, ruler of local gods in Canaan. He draws a parallel with the Japanese Emperor Hirohito, who told the Japanese people on 30 December 1945 that he was not divine. Both Jehovah and Hirohito claimed divine status. He closes with Pries Craft, a term used in both Protestant and LDS traditions for the corrupt use of religion for personal gain.

Field Book No. 704, pages 73–74

Field Book No. 704, pages 73–74

Transcription:
Left page — [Blank]
Right page — June the 20 1941 — The Submarene 0.9 went under 440 fee of water. and never came up. with 34 men it went down 5 miles from where the Squalais went down in 1939

Notes:
The USS O-9 (SS-70) sank during a test dive on 20 June 1941 off the Isle of Shoals, New Hampshire. James records 440 feet and 34 men, and notes it went down 5 miles from where the Squalus sank in 1939, the USS Squalus (SS-192) had sunk on 23 May 1939 during a test dive off Portsmouth, New Hampshire. James connecting the two disasters across two years.

Field Book No. 704, pages 75–76

Field Book No. 704, pages 75–76

Transcription:
Left page — Sept the 2 1940 — U.S.A. Traded 50 Ships to Britton for Brittons Islands for Air Bases. for U.S.A. This is agreifle with Wilkia — Key Pitman Died Nov the 10 1940 age 68 years — Lundon Prime Minister Neferlin Chamberlan Died Nov the 10 1940 Church Hill is Prime Minster now. now it is ately
Right page — Oct the [?] 1940 [faint/largely illegible entries]

Notes:
The Destroyers for Bases Agreement of September 1940, the USA trading 50 destroyers to Britain in exchange for 99-year leases on British bases. James notes this was agreeable to Willkie, who had supported the deal. Key Pittman, Nevada Senator, died 10 November 1940 at age 68. Neville Chamberlain also died on 9 November 1940. Churchill is noted as Prime Minister, James writing Church Hill, followed by now it is ately, likely referring to Clement Attlee who became Prime Minister in July 1945, added later.

Field Book No. 704, pages 77–78

Field Book No. 704, pages 77–78

Transcription:
Left page — Jan The 21 1939 Lakeport Calif — The Cavalear Plain Tha[t] Sank in the Atlantic 3 was lost. and 10 Saved. it Sank at 1.30 after noon Saturday Jan the 21 1939 — The Senet and Congress Past the new trade repele of arms imbar Go F.D.R. will Signe it tomoro the 4 Nov the 4 1939 — F.D. Rossevelt Elected for the 4 Term 1944 nov the Thanks for That. but he Died April the 12 1945 — General Patton Died Dec the 28 1945 in Jeremany.
Right page — There was 56 men Signed the Declations of Independace 35 of Thom was Lawers — 1829 Denis notorious Contious Andrew Jackson John Quincey Adams was Elected — Americans all Emigrants all Washington D.C.

Notes:
The Cavalier sinking in the Atlantic on 21 January 1939, 3 lost and 10 saved. The Senate and Congress passing the Neutrality Act revision on 4 November 1939. Later additions: Roosevelt elected to the 4th term in 1944, dying 12 April 1945. General Patton died 28 December 1945 in Germany. The right page notes 56 men signed the Declaration of Independence, 35 of them lawyers. The 1829 entry records the contested election between Andrew Jackson and John Quincy Adams as notorious and contentious. Americans are all emigrants, all Washington D.C.

Field Book No. 704, pages 79–80

Field Book No. 704, pages 79–80

Transcription:
Left page — [Blank]
Right page — A. Monyement on Saint Peters Cathendale. in Rome is an inCription it Reads as follows. Jesus Rules and Rains. So Doo the Catholick want to Doo — King Henry the 8 had 6 Wifes 3 of Thom. Given names was Catherine — J.R. Meredith. Gave Mrs Maple Root for Birth Day 1945 five Dolars Cash $5.00 one Dol for Xmas. 1945

Notes:
A monument at Saint Peter’s Cathedral in Rome carries the inscription: Jesus Rules and Rains. So Do the Catholics want to Do. King Henry VIII had 6 wives, three of whom were named Catherine, Catherine of Aragon, Catherine Howard, and Catherine Parr. James gave Mrs. Maple a root for her birthday in 1945, five dollars cash, and one dollar for Christmas 1945.

Field Book No. 704, pages 81–82

Field Book No. 704, pages 81–82

Transcription:
Left page — [Surveyor’s data only]
Right page — [Surveyor’s data only]

Notes:
Both pages are pure surveyor’s data, including a small sketch diagram showing traverse lines with elevations. James left these pages entirely untouched.

Field Book No. 704, pages 83–84

Field Book No. 704, pages 83–84

Transcription:
Left page — [Surveyor’s data only]
Right page — Feb The 1935 [largely illegible — faint pencil entries over surveyor’s data]

Notes:
The right page has a date header of February 1935 with faint pencil entries largely illegible in this photograph. A February 1935 date would make this among the earliest dated entries in the journal, predating the first clearly legible entry of December 1935.

Field Book No. 704, pages 85–86

Field Book No. 704, pages 85–86

Transcription:
Left page — Nov the 4 1937 — James. R. Meredith Turned in his old age Papers. They was Signed by George. Rusell. and by George. Held. Seald by Mr. Hazle. — I James. R. Meredith came to Lakeport Sept the 13 1936 from Merced County Calif — came to Calif Nov the 1930 — was borned and raised in Pulaski County. Va — was allways. Known as James. Ross. Meredith — my name at first was James Thomas. Ross — when I was adopted. To my Farther the cort made my name James. Ross. Meredith or James. R. Meredith
Right page — I Think I is on reckard James. R. Meredith. but was after Known in as after James Ross. Every Body Called me. Ross. — My Fathers Name was. James. Meredith Borne 1803 Died Feb the 17 1889. Pulaski County. Va — my Mothers name was Nancy adline. Ross Born March the 27 1818 in Pulaski County Va Died the year of 1924 in Radford. Montgu mary County. Va at John Paines — Mary An Tod was afe Lincoln

Notes:
These two pages are among the most genealogically significant in the entire journal. James writing his autobiography with his own hand. On 4 November 1937 he filed his old age papers, witnessed by George Russell and George Held, sealed by Mr. Hazle. He came to Lakeport on 13 September 1936 from Merced County; came to California in November 1930; born and raised in Pulaski County, Virginia. His name at birth was James Thomas Ross, and when adopted by his father, the court made his name James Ross Meredith or James R. Meredith. He was always known as James Ross Meredith, but everybody called him Ross.

His father’s name was James Meredith, born 1803, died 17 February 1889, Pulaski County, Virginia. His mother’s name was Nancy Adline Ross, born July 1843 in Newbern, Pulaski, Virginia, died in 1924 in Radford, Montgomery, Virginia at John Paine’s. The final entry, Mary Ann Todd was wife of Lincoln, is a stray trivia note on the same page.

Field Book No. 704, pages 87–88

Field Book No. 704, pages 87–88

Transcription:
Left page — [Surveyor’s data only]
Right page — Sept the 27 1940 — Japan and Jermony Italian Goverments Jinded hands aganced the world — Rushia Sold Alaska To U.S.A. 1867 — [several lines largely illegible] — this war is not over yet

Notes:
The right page opens with the Tripartite Pact of 27 September 1940, Japan, Germany, and Italy joining hands against the world. Russia selling Alaska to the USA in 1867. The lower portion has faint entries largely illegible, with one readable phrase: this war is not over yet.

Field Book No. 704, pages 89–90

Field Book No. 704, pages 89–90

Transcription:
Left page — April The 12 1945 — President Franklin D. Roosevelt Past out 3.35 P.M. at warm Springs Ga. his Vice Hary S Truman Takes over — This makes 7 Vice Presidents Taken over. after Death of The Prsident. first was John Tyler 1840 Death of William henry Harrison and Second Millard Fillmore Taken over in 1850 Death of Zachary Taylor. Third was Andrew Johnson 1865 Taken over by Death of Abraham Lincoln — Fourth Chester. H. Aarthur in 1881 on the Death of James. A. Garfield The fifth was Theodore Roosevelt in 1901 Death of William McKinley. Sixth was Calvin Coolidge 1923 on Death of Warren G Harding Seventh was Hary S Truman. on Death of F.D. Roosevelt 1945 — Death Came in the 3 month of his 4 term 12 years 3 months 8 Days. The Good
Right page — thing he has Don for the People will EVriel all the good things that all the Presidents has Don. a wonderful good man. a man of feeling. I place him at the head of all Presidents before him. I am 76 years of age and I hade Prest Taft for quit a while — Signed James. R. Meredith April the 13 1945 San Rafael. Calif — Hary S Truman Served as Vice under F.D. Roosevelt for 3 months 8 Days. Roosevelt Taken office March the 19 32 and Served 3 full terms and 3 months and 8 Days in the 4 term.

Notes:
On 12 April 1945 he records Roosevelt’s death at 3:35 P.M. at Warm Springs, Georgia, and Truman taking over. He lists all seven Vice Presidents who assumed the presidency on the death of the sitting president — Tyler, Fillmore, Johnson, Arthur, Theodore Roosevelt, Coolidge, and Truman — correctly in order.

The right page is a personal eulogy for Roosevelt, signed by James R. Meredith on 13 April 1945 in San Rafael, California. He was 76 years old. He places Roosevelt at the head of all presidents before him, calls him a wonderful good man, a man of feeling. He mentions having known President Taft for a while. The page closes with a careful accounting of Roosevelt’s time in office: three full terms and three months and eight days into the fourth.

Field Book No. 704, pages 91–92

Field Book No. 704, pages 91–92

Transcription:
Left page — Oct The 3 — is the Jerus Christmas. a knew year — The Mexican President now is a Catheleck the first in 90 years Sept 29 — 1940 — William McAdoo was Bearied Feb the 3 1941 — Hary S. Trumans Mother 93 years of age Nov the 25 1945
Right page — James R. Meredith and Etta. Meredith had Xmas Diner by Thom Selves in San Rafael Calif 1945 and what you Know. We had Turkey. the last Xmas Diner we Every had with Each other. She Died Feb the 21 1946 in Phoenix Ariz — She was Bearied in the City Cemitory Sacramento Calif. may the 30 J.R. Meredith had affe willer to Place a Wreath on hur Grave for him. — James R. Meredith we was married June the 6 1936 lived to gather 9 years. and 7. Monthes.

Notes:
3 October as Jerusalem Christmas and New Year, the Jewish New Year (Rosh Hashanah) falls in late September or early October. The Mexican President becoming Catholic for the first time in 90 years on 29 September 1940. William McAdoo, California senator and son-in-law of Woodrow Wilson, buried 3 February 1941. Harry Truman’s mother was 93 years old on 25 November 1945.

The right page is one of the most moving in the journal. James records that he and Etta had Christmas dinner by themselves in San Rafael in 1945 and had turkey, then notes it was the last Christmas dinner they would ever have together. Etta died 21 February 1946 in Phoenix, Arizona, and was buried in the City Cemetery in Sacramento. James gave money to have a wreath placed on her grave. He closes with their marriage date, 6 June 1936, and notes they lived together 9 years and 7 months.

Field Book No. 704, pages 93–94

Field Book No. 704, pages 93–94

Transcription:
Left page — King Henry the was Quene Elisifath farther. and Anie Balden was hur Mother — Astralia impire felonys to England — Senetar. Harrison Died June the 22 1941 — States Mane and Vermont was Carried by Landon.
Right page — he was a batchlor James. Bucanon. President 1856 he was a Democrat Thy was a Whig and Tory. those Days. — I Pledge allegiance to the flag of the united States of america. and the Republic for whitch it Stands. one nation indivisible with liberty and Justis for all.

Notes:
Queen Elizabeth’s father was King Henry VIII, and Anne Boleyn was her mother, correct for Elizabeth I. Australia’s imperial ties to England. Senator Harrison died 22 June 1941. Maine and Vermont were the only two states carried by Landon in the 1936 election. James Buchanan was a bachelor president, correct, the only US president never to marry. The parties of that era were Whig and Democrat. The page closes with James writing out the Pledge of Allegiance from memory, notably without under God, which was not added until 1954, more than a decade after James would have written this.

Field Book No. 704, pages 95–96

Field Book No. 704, pages 95–96

Transcription:
Left page — Jack Dempsey Fight with Carpentier Drew $1.600.000 — Bradalk and Far Jan the 21 1938 10 Rounds. Bradalk won — Madona is a Picture of the Virgin Mary. [faint illegible entries below]
Right page — Jan the 19 1938 Mr. Vanchuson Butter 1 ff paid $35 — [daily milk account entries at 10 cents] — Total 100 — Apr the 1938 [continuing daily entries through 28th] — Total 70

Notes:
The Jack Dempsey vs. Georges Carpentier fight of 2 July 1921, the first million-dollar gate in boxing history, drawing $1,600,000. A fight involving Bradalk on 21 January 1938, 10 rounds, Bradalk winning. The Madonna entry: a Madonna is a picture of the Virgin Mary. The right page is a milk account with Mr. Vanchuson beginning 19 January 1938, recording daily milk and butter sales at 10 cents per day. This account runs parallel to the Mrs. Russell account on pages 13–14, confirming James was running a small dairy with multiple customers in early 1938.

Field Book No. 704, pages 97–98

Field Book No. 704, pages 97–98

Transcription:
Left page — March the 1 — 1938 Mr. Vandudon — [daily 10-cent milk entries days 1–31] — Total 100 — April The 1938 — [daily 10-cent entries days 1–28]
Right page — Feb the 8 1938 milk 1 qt — [daily entries] — 17 1938 Vandudon — may the 1938 — [continuing daily milk entries through May] — Total $1.10

Notes:
Both pages continue the milk account with Mr. Vandudon, James’s phonetic spelling varying between Vanchuson and Vandudon, recording daily 10-cent milk sales through March, April, and into May 1938. The March account totals $1.00 for 31 days. This is an extensive daily financial record in the journal, confirming James was operating a consistent small dairy in Lakeport through the first half of 1938.

Field Book No. 704, pages 99–100

Field Book No. 704, pages 99–100

Transcription:
Left page — Feb The 1938 Milk to Mr. Harper — [daily 10-cent entries days 19–28] — Total $1.00 Pd — March 1938 — [daily entries continuing through the month]
Right page — George Washington was related To Franklin D. Rooservelt. — John Adams the President was related to F.D. Roosevelt — James. Madison 4 President was his relations. — John Quiney Adams the 6 President was his relations. — Martin Van Bruen the 8 President was his relation — William Henry Harrison 9 President was related to F.D.R. — Zachary Taylor 12 Pres. was related to him. — U.S. Grant 18 Pres. was his relation. — Benjamin Harrison 23 Pres. was his relations over

Notes:
The left page continues the milk account with Mr. Harper, the same Mr. Harper from whom James bought his Jersey cow in January 1938, now also a milk customer. The right page lists presidents James believed were related to Franklin D. Roosevelt: Washington, John Adams, James Madison, John Quincy Adams, Martin Van Buren, William Henry Harrison, Zachary Taylor, Ulysses Grant, and Benjamin Harrison. Roosevelt did have documented connections to several of these families. The page continues onto the next.

Field Book No. 704, pages 101–102

Field Book No. 704, pages 101–102

Transcription:
Left page — Theodore Roosevelt the 26 Pres. was his relation — William Howard Taft the 27. Pres was related Franklin. D. Roosevelt the only one to be Elected the 4 turn his wife the only one to be the 4 lady of the Land — McKinley was the 25. Pres Vice was Garrett A Hafort. of New Jersey making Second term in 1900 with Theodore Roosevelt Vice
Right page — in 1946 Samial. Brannon Hotel San Francisco Brannon St was named after Sam Brannan. — Died. 55 in April 1945 — Hitler was 52. April the 20. 1941 — June the 21 1941. Hitler has Declaired war on Rushia — The world Series 1942 was won by St Luis. Mo — President Grant of the Latter Day Saints Died May the 14 1945 in Salt Lake City Utah he was age 88

Notes:
The left page continues the Roosevelt family connections from page 100, adding Theodore Roosevelt (26th) and William Howard Taft (27th) to the list of presidents related to FDR. James notes Franklin D. Roosevelt as the only president elected to a fourth term, and his wife as the only woman to be First Lady four times. McKinley was the 25th president; his vice president was Garret Augustus Hobart of New Jersey for his first term, and Theodore Roosevelt for his second term in 1900, Roosevelt succeeding upon McKinley’s assassination in 1901.

The right page opens with a 1946 entry about the Samuel Brannon Hotel in San Francisco and Brannan Street being named after Sam Brannan, the prominent early California settler and first millionaire of the Gold Rush. Then Hitler turning 52 on 20 April 1941 and declaring war on Russia on 21 June 1941. The 1942 World Series was won by St. Louis. President Grant of the Latter Day Saints, Heber J. Grant, seventh President of the LDS Church, died 14 May 1945 in Salt Lake City at age 88.

Field Book No. 704, pages 103–104

Field Book No. 704, pages 103–104

Transcription:
Left page — Mussoleni was Killed April 1945 — A. God — Christ Says he made Every Thing. Read John C. 1 and he Says he Gave the laws. Then he was Jehovah. if he made Every Thing. then he made Space. Then where was he before he made Space. There was no where for him to be. and at that time he was a Ghost. and I guess they Can be nowhere. So he made Every Thing out of nothing. all but man. and he made him out of Dust. and he found a God with all Power. but Still was Killed by man witch he made.<br>Right page — why Did he make man So bad and as he Says. So Sinfull. if you Think he is a Just God Read the laws he Gave in Exodus and Levit. and numbers C. 31 — well if he made Every Thing. he made Satan. What for. if he is all Powfull why Didont he Contrate Satan. or why Didnt he make all men Good and Keep Thom that way. Well Judges. C. 1 V. 19 Says he is not allpowerfull. he Cound not Drive out the People in the Valley. for they had Charets made of iron. it must Release the Bible. what about this. C. 1 V. 19. must we beleve it. That would Do away with

Notes:
The left page opens with a brief news note, Mussolini was killed in April 1945, then returns immediately to theological inquiry. James works through a cosmological argument: if God made everything (John 1), then he made space; but where was he before space existed? He was a Ghost, and a ghost can be nowhere. So God made everything out of nothing, except man, whom he made from dust. And yet this all-powerful God was killed by the very man he made.

The right page continues the argument: if God made everything, he made Satan, so why did he not control Satan, or simply make all men good? Then James cites Judges 1:19, the passage recording that God could not drive out the people of the valley because they had chariots of iron, as evidence that God is not all-powerful. The page ends mid-sentence: “That would Do away with” continuing on the next page.

Field Book No. 704, pages 105–106

Field Book No. 704, pages 105–106

Transcription:
Left page — all Powerfull God. a God that is invisible. That Kind of a God never was heard or seen. Read Exodus C. 33 V. 20 and John. C. 5 V. 37 and first Jimathey C. 6. V. 16 and John C. 1 V. 18 but Se what Jehovah Says. Read Exodus C. 33 V. 23 — and Gen C. 32 V. 30 — and Exodus C 24 V. 9 Do you Se Eny Contradiction hear. — Peter Says men of old Spake as they were Directed by the Haly Ghost. So we can not put our interpation on it To make it mean Eny Thing only what it Says. Read Second Peter C. 1 V. 20 — Second Sam C. 6 V. 23 Says Michal the Daughter of Saul. and the Wife of David had no<br>Right page — Child unto the Day of hur Death. but C 2 1 V. 8 hur had 5 Sons. — Christ Says John was Elias Se matthew C. 11. V. 14 but John Says he was not Elias Se John C. 1 V. 21 — matthew Says Jacob was Josephs father C. 1 V. 6 but Luke Says not So. his father was Heli. C. 3 V. 23 — John Says the Jews Killed Christ C. 11. but matthew Says it was the Gentiles C 2 0 V. 19. John Says he Died about the 6 Hour. C. 19 but mark Says it was the 3 Hour mark C. 15 V. 25 — and V. 23 Says the Gave him wine mingled with myrrh. to Drink but matthew Say the Gave him Vinager mingled with Gall to Drink C. 27 V. 34 — mathew C. 5 V. 16 let men see your Good workes. but C. 6 V. 1. 2. 3. 4. Did Judas keep the buch and Did the Priests buy the Peters field with the money. Se matthew C. 27 V. 5 to 8. Se matthew C. 1 V. 18 Judas now Se acts C. 1 V. 18 Judas bought the field. and Died

Notes:
The left page continues from page 104, the argument that an all-powerful invisible God was never heard or seen, citing multiple scriptures supporting this, then contrasting them with passages where God is seen directly (Exodus 33:23, Genesis 32:30, Exodus 24:9). James asks: do you see any contradiction? He then returns to Second Peter 1:20, that men spoke as directed by the Holy Ghost so we cannot put our own interpretation on scripture, then closes with a contradiction: Second Samuel 6:23 says Michal daughter of Saul had no child unto her death, but the page ends mid-sentence.

The right page opens with the contradiction completed: 2 Samuel 21:8 says she had five sons. James then continues his list of Gospel contradictions, whether John was Elias, who was Joseph’s father (Jacob or Heli), who killed Christ (Jews or Gentiles), what hour Christ died (6th or 3rd), what he was given to drink (wine with myrrh or vinegar with gall), whether Judas kept the money or the priests used it to buy a field, and whether Judas bought the field himself. These are among the most frequently cited textual contradictions in Gospel scholarship. The page ends mid-sentence.

Field Book No. 704, pages 107–108

Field Book No. 704, pages 107–108

Transcription:
Left page — by falling in a Pit. then he Did not hang himself. Whear was Christ taken up. acts C. 1 V. 12. it was at olivet but Luke C. 24 V. 50. 51 Says it was at Bethany. and mark Says it was Whil the Eleven was at meat. Se mark C. 16 V. 14 to 19 — matthew C. 9 V. 13 we will not Know the Day the Lord Came. but first Thesilions C. 5 V. 1. 2. 3. 4 Says we will not be in the Dark as to this Day. Peter Says God is no Respecter of Persons. acts C. 10 V. 34 but Read Romans C. 9 V. 10 to 13 and V. 18 — well They Could not beleve. Elias Says God hardened there Hearts. Blinded there Eyes. Could not understand with there hearts. and be Converted. John C. 12 V. 39. 40 — if God Knows all Things. why Didnt<br>Right page — Ancara the Capt of Turkey — Hitler marched in Athens April the 27 1941 — he Know they would have there Children Pass Through the fire Read Jeremiah C. 32 V. 35. the bottom of the Sea is out of Sight of God. Read Amos C. 9 V. 3 the Lord Sturs up Trouble — Se Second Chron C. 36 V. 22 Se Isaiah C. 13 V. 16. 17. 18 Read C. 28 V. 7. 8. Then Se Jirmiah C. 13 — V. 13. 14 — God makes Them Drunk. — God Says — V. 14 C. 14 They Prophets Tell lies. well why Did he Put a lying Spirit in there mouth Se first Kings C. 22 V. 22. 23. Second Sam C. 24 V. 1 Say the lord Provoked David to Say the number Israel. but first number Israel. but first number C. 21 V. 1 Says it was Satan — Second C. 21 V. 1 Says it was both the Same more.

Notes:
The left page continues the biblical contradiction catalogue from page 106, completing the Judas entry, Judas died by falling in a pit, not hanging himself. Then the question of where Christ ascended: Acts says Olivet, Luke says Bethany, Mark says while the Eleven were at meat. Matthew 9:13 says we will not know the day the Lord came, but First Thessalonians says we will not be in the dark about it. God is no respecter of persons (Acts 10:34) but Romans 9 contradicts this. God hardened hearts so people could not believe — then why are they blamed for not believing? The page ends mid-sentence.

The right page opens with Ankara as the capital of Turkey and Hitler marching into Athens on 27 April 1941. James then returns to theology: God knowing children would be passed through fire yet allowing it; the bottom of the sea being out of God’s sight (Amos 9:3); God stirring up trouble; God making prophets drunk and causing them to tell lies, then why did he put a lying spirit in their mouths? The page closes with a contradiction between Second Samuel 24:1 (God provoked David to number Israel) and First Chronicles 21:1 (it was Satan), a classic biblical contradiction James noted earlier in the journal.

Field Book No. 704, pages 109–110

Field Book No. 704, pages 109–110

Transcription:
Left page — matthew C. Say Christ Road through Jerusalem. on an ass and a colt how could he ride 2 at once. C. 21 V. 7. But mark C. 11 V. 4 to 8 Says it was Just a Colt. now What I want to know is Did he Go Through on his ass. or did he Go Through on a Colt without his ass. — Second Kings C. 2 V. 1 and V. 11 Says Elijah went up to heaven. but John C. 3 V. 13 Says no man Ever went up but Christ — first Chron C. 21 V. 25 Say David Paid 600 Shekels of Gold not Silver for the Thrashing floor. but Second Sam C. 24 V. 24 Says he only Paid 50 Shekels of Silver not Gold and Got the Open Thresher in. Did a God Dictate the Bible — Second Kings C. 8 V. Ahaziah. was 22. years of age when he began To Reign King. but Second Chron C. 22 V. 2 Says he was 42<br>Right page — Read Second Kings C. 18 V. 27 Read Ezek C. 4 what God Gave Them to ate. — Se Second Chron C. 21 V. 17 Jehoahaz was the youngest Son. but C. 22 V. 1 it was Ahaziah was the youngest Son. — Did Jehovah Ever tell a lie Read Exodus. C. 6 V. 8 hear. he Read Exodus. C. 6 V. 8 hear. he Swore a lie. he Swore he would Give this land to Abraham and Jacob. but they never Set foot on it Read acts. C. 7 V. 4. 5 — John C. 19 Say Christ Died on a Cross. but Peter Says they hanged him on a Tree Se acts C. 5 V. 30 Se acts C. 10 V. 39 Read C. 13 V. 30 Read Galatians C. 3 V. 13 — Did moses and Aaron and 70 Elders See God Exodus C. 24 V. 9 10 John C. 1 V. 18 Says no man Ever Seen God. if he is invisible no one Can Se him. God or Jehovah hardened Thoms heart To Cause all the Trouble. if God Knows all why Put The Blood on the Doors of all Israel He Says So he Could Pass

Notes:
Both pages continue James’s sustained biblical inquiry. The left page focuses on contradictions about physical facts: how Christ rode both an ass and a colt simultaneously; Elijah ascending to heaven when John says no man ever went up; David paying 600 shekels of gold or 50 shekels of silver for the threshing floor; Ahaziah being 22 or 42 when he began to reign. Each contradiction is cited. James’s central question, did a God dictate the Bible, is stated plainly.

The right page continues with Jehoahaz versus Ahaziah as the youngest son; God swearing to give Abraham and Jacob the land of Canaan but they never set foot on it; Christ dying on a cross (John) versus being hanged on a tree (Peter/Acts/Galatians); Moses and Aaron and 70 elders seeing God (Exodus 24) versus no man ever seeing God (John 1:18). The page closes mid-sentence on one of the most famous questions in Exodus, if God knows all things, why did he need blood on the doors of Israel to know which houses to pass over?

Field Book No. 704, pages 111–112

Field Book No. 704, pages 111–112

Transcription:
Left page — Thom up when he Killed all the first Born in Egypt. and if he Knows all how Could Adam and Eve hide from him. and why Did the Sun Stand Still when it is not the Sun that Runs. it is the Earth. Why beleve There is a God when no one has Ever Seen him what Proof have we That There is a God?. You Say the Bible Well if There is no other Proof Then the Bible we have none. you Can Proove Eny all Things by the bible Even That white is BLACK. — I wont Take it for Proof of a God. or a Son of God.<br>Right page — act C. 22 V. 9 Says The Peope heard not The Voice. but C. 9 V. 7 Says they Did hear The Voice. and That They Stood Speechless but C. 20 V. 14 Says they Did not Stand Speechless they were all fallen to the Earth when they heard the Voice. — is This what Paul lied about Se Romans. C. 3 V. 7. The fitle Says There is to be a Resirection but Job Says when we Go to the Grave we Come up no more Read Job C. 10 V. 21 and C. 7 V. 9. 10 God Destroys the Perfect and the wicked. C. 9 V. 22 The only Diference of the Living and the Dead. The Living know they have To Die. but The Dead Dont Know Eny Thing neither Do They have Eny Reward Ecclesiastes C. 9 V. 5 — Read John C. 5 V. 31 and C. 8 V. 14 Se if Christ Contradicts him Self. his Recard is True and it is not True. he Says.

Notes:
The left page brings James’s extended biblical inquiry to its conclusion. The final question, if God knows all things, why did he need blood on the doors, is completed with: so he could pass over when he killed all the firstborn in Egypt. Then: if God knows all, how could Adam and Eve hide from him? And why did the sun stand still when it is the earth that moves, not the sun? The argument reaches its summit: what proof do we have that there is a God? If the only proof is the Bible, that proves nothing, you can prove anything by the Bible, even that white is black. James’s conclusion is stated plainly and without apology: “I wont Take it for Proof of a God. or a Son of God.”

The right page continues with Paul’s companions on the road to Damascus hearing or not hearing the voice (Acts 9:7 vs. 22:9), and standing speechless or falling to the earth (another contradiction). Paul lying about it (Romans 3:7). Whether there is a resurrection (the title says yes) but Job says when we go to the grave we come up no more (Job 10:21, 7:9-10). God destroying both the perfect and the wicked alike. The only difference between the living and the dead: the living know they will die, but the dead know nothing and have no reward (Ecclesiastes 9:5). The page closes with Christ contradicting himself, John 5:31 says his record is not true, John 8:14 says it is.

Field Book No. 704, pages 113–114

Field Book No. 704, pages 113–114

Transcription:
Left page — July the 4 1941 — Senitor Repur and Senitor Wheear Spoke on the war. — President Franklin Roosevelt Speake at 1. oclock the 4 of July 1941<br>Right page — Bulgeary March the 4 of July 15 — X Fals Prophet — Burnard Shaw Saying Hitler would not atact Rushia he was a fals Prophet — Sen this in a morning Picture Show in San Francisco 1941 — Comele Said There was Prophet besides Joseph Smith — 7


Notes:
The left page records the 4th of July 1941: two senators, Pepper and Wheeler, spoke on the war, and President Franklin Roosevelt spoke at 1 o’clock. Senator Claude Pepper of Florida was a strong interventionist; Senator Burton Wheeler of Montana was a prominent isolationist, two opposing voices on the war James was following.

The right page opens with Bulgaria and a date reference. Then a marked entry, James puts an X beside “Fals Prophet” recording that George Bernard Shaw had predicted Hitler would not attack Russia. Since Hitler invaded Russia on 22 June 1941, Shaw was proved wrong. James saw this in a morning picture show (newsreel) in San Francisco in 1941 and marked Shaw as a false prophet accordingly. The final entry records someone named Comele saying there was a prophet besides Joseph Smith, a reference to LDS prophetic succession or a discussion James had or heard. The number 7 at the bottom may be a page count or unrelated notation.

Field Book No. 704, pages 115–116

Field Book No. 704, pages 115–116

Transcription:
Left page — Aug the 1 1940 at 11 5/12 min 7 min late — The first Carmushel air Liner to land in Red Bluff Passengers 21. a Crue of 5 — Capt. Cart. Stevens the main Pilot. — The Plain has a wing Speed of 95 feet flys at Speed of 190 miles Per Hour — Rhundalf. Hess. landed his Plain May the 10 1941 and Died Dec the 10 20 1945 he was hanged.<br>Right page — Congress meets in the 77 Congress Jan the 3 on Friday 1941 — The China wall is 1400 miles long. — Vicinitiers in Mexico is Cue Boys. — Mothers Day 1942 will be the 11 — in 17.76 The Population was 4.000.000 in 1941 is 1.30[0.000?]


Notes:
The left page opens with a precise local entry: on 1 August 1940, the first commercial airliner landed in Red Bluff, California, 7 minutes late, at 11:05 A.M., with 21 passengers and a crew of 5, piloted by Captain Cart. Stevens. The plane had a 95-foot wingspan and flew at 190 miles per hour. James recorded this local aviation milestone with characteristic precision.

Then Rudolf Hess, James writes “Rhundalf Hess” who landed his plane in Scotland on 10 May 1941 in a solo unauthorized flight, apparently attempting to negotiate peace. James notes he died 10 December 1945 and was hanged, though Hess was actually sentenced to life imprisonment at Nuremberg and died in 1987. James may have confused him with other Nazi leaders executed at Nuremberg.

The right page records the 77th Congress convening on Friday 3 January 1941. The Great Wall of China is 1,400 miles long. Vaqueros in Mexico are cowboys. Mother’s Day 1942 will be the 11th. The US population was 4,000,000 in 1776 and 130,000,000 in 1941, James tracking the population growth of the nation across 165 years.

Field Book No. 704, pages 117–118

Field Book No. 704, pages 117–118

Transcription:
Left page — [Surveyor’s data only], Right page — [Surveyor’s data only]

Notes:
Both pages are dense surveyor’s data, station numbers, bearings, latitudes, departures, sines, cosines, and distances. James left these pages entirely untouched.

Field Book No. 704, pages 119–120

Field Book No. 704, pages 119–120

Transcription:
Left page — [Surveyor’s data only — faint/largely illegible]<br>Right page — May the 11 1940 1938 — The New Yorks Worlds Fair opened may the 11 1940 — Doctor. Cook who Claimed he found the North Pole in 1908 Died aug the 6 1940 — George Washington maried. mistres Mary H. Cruster She was a widdow

Notes:
The left page has faint surveyor’s data largely illegible in this photograph. The right page has three distinct entries. The New York World’s Fair opened 11 May 1940, this was actually the second season of the 1939–1940 World’s Fair, which reopened on 11 May 1940 after its inaugural 1939 season; the date at the top also shows 1938 which may be a separate earlier notation. Dr. Frederick Cook, who claimed to have reached the North Pole in 1908, a claim disputed by Robert Peary and largely discredited, died 6 August 1940. George Washington married widow Martha Dandridge Custis, James writes her name as Mary H. Cruster, a phonetic approximation of Martha Custis.

Field Book No. 704, pages 121–122

Field Book No. 704, pages 121–122

Transcription:
Left page — Feb the 5 1938 — Mr. James R. Meredith Paid to Mrs. James R. Meredith the Sum of five Dol $5.00 — April the 3 five Dal $5.00 — June the 4 Seven Dal $7.00 — aug. the 4 Seven Dal $7.00 — Nov the 5 five Dal $5.00 — Jan the 4 1939. five Dal $5.00 — March the 5 five Dal $5.00 — May the 5 five Dal $5.00 — July the 6 Seven Dal $7.00 — Sept the 6 Eight Dal $8.00 — Dec the 4 five Dal $5.00 — This Paid on one Wedding Ring. — Etta Meredith<br>Right page — [1941 — Etta Meredith — faint account entries largely illegible — butter and cream entries] 12. / 12. / 60 / [further entries illegible]

Notes:
The left page has personal financial records. Beginning 5 February 1938, James records installment payments to Mrs. Etta Meredith, his own wife, ranging from $5 to $8, made every two months through December 1939. The total comes to $64. The final line reveals the purpose: “This Paid on one Wedding Ring.” Signed Etta Meredith. James was paying for Etta’s wedding ring on an installment plan, recording each payment carefully in the surveyor’s field book, with Etta’s own signature as acknowledgment. They had married in June 1936; he was still paying for her ring two years later.

The right page has a 1941 account header for Etta Meredith with faint entries for butter and cream, suggesting Etta was keeping her own small dairy account in the same journal, but the entries are largely illegible in this photograph.

Field Book No. 704, pages 123–124

Field Book No. 704, pages 123–124

Transcription:
Left page — [Blank]<br>Right page — D. M. Bennett — 141 Eighth Street — New York

Notes:
The left page is blank. The right page has a single address entry: D. M. Bennett, 141 Eighth Street, New York. DeRobigne Mortimer Bennett (1818–1882) was a prominent American freethinker, publisher of the freethought journal “The Truth Seeker,” and founder of the National Liberal League. He was imprisoned under the Comstock Laws for distributing freethought literature. Given James’s sustained theological inquiry throughout the journal, his methodical questioning of biblical authority, divine omnipotence, and institutional religion, it is entirely possible he was familiar with Bennett’s freethought tradition. However, Bennett died decades before James would have been writing in this journal, so this may be a publisher’s address James copied from a publication rather than a personal contact.

Field Book No. 704, pages 125–126

Field Book No. 704, pages 125–126

Transcription:
Left page — March the 6 1941 X — J. R. Meredith Paid Jan the 8 5.00 Feb the Paid 10.00 — March the 7 Paid 5 to Stores — Roffuck and Cash 2.29 cts — Tattle $. 1729 — March the 20 1941 Paid $5.00 with Cooper to Corneal. Lowell paid $B3429 — April the 6 Cash 500 — Ticket to San Rafael 39.29 — 1.80 — 41.09 — 37.58 — 4.59<br>Right page — Oct the 1940 — Mrs Etta Meredith is Mr J. R. Meredith — Dent for Sept Tanks $10.00 — Nov the Cash — Paid on Roofing $12.00 — To wattenberger. — March the 3 Lowell — Etta Meredith $20.00 — $32.00 — The Whilgs was Repuflints — the Torys was Democrats

Notes:
The left page is a personal financial account from early 1941. James records payments through January, February, and March, to stores, to someone named Roffuck, and on 20 March 1941 paying $5 with Cooper to Corneal (Charles Raymond Lowell, paying $34.29 total). A ticket to San Rafael cost $39.29, with running totals showing James carefully tracking his finances. The page is marked with an X at the top, suggesting it was later reviewed or settled.

The right page opens with an October 1940 account in Etta’s name. Payments recorded include $10 for September tanks (likely fuel or water), $12 paid on roofing to someone named Wattenberger, and $20 to Lowell, total $32. The final two lines return to political history: the Whigs were Republicans, the Tories were Democrats, James noting the evolution of American party names from the colonial and early republic era.

Field Book No. 704, pages 127–128

Field Book No. 704, pages 127–128

Transcription:
Left page — The Republican Party was Whig Party up to 1852 Then was James Bucanon the first Republican President — The Democrats was Known as Tory Party. — The Liberty Bell was made in London in the year of 1752 — William Boothe was the founder of the Salvation army in East End Lundon<br>Right page — James R. Meredith’s Father was Born in the year of 1803 in Shanicory Valy V.a his name was James. Meredith — 1941 finds me well and I am very Thankfull. I am in Lakeport Calif.

Notes:
The left page continues the party history notes from page 126, the Republican Party was the Whig Party until 1852, with James Buchanan as the first Republican president (actually Buchanan was a Democrat; Abraham Lincoln was the first Republican president, but James may be conflating the transition period). The Democrats were known as the Tory Party. The Liberty Bell was made in London in 1752, correct, it was cast at the Whitechapel Bell Foundry in London. William Booth founded the Salvation Army in the East End of London, correct, in 1865.

The right page is one of the a revealing entry in the journal. James records his father’s birth in 1803 in Shanicory Valley, Virginia, his name was James Meredith, consistent with the autobiography recorded on pages 85–86. Then a quiet personal statement: “1941 finds me well and I am very Thankfull. I am in Lakeport Calif.” James writing in his seventies, in the middle of a world war, grateful to be alive and well.

Field Book No. 704, pages 129–130

Field Book No. 704, pages 129–130

Transcription:
Left page — March the 1940 — Mrs Lowell is Due — J.R. Meredith Cash $15.00 — Eggs 21. Doz 16.75 — Chicken 6.00 — 75[cents] — Convention at Pa — Windel Louis Wilke was anominated for the Republican President in Chigo Ill The Democrat Convention anominated Pres Roosevelt for Pres. See walis for Vice July the 18 1940<br>Right page — Sacramento Calif one Hundred years old aug the 7 1939 — 17 of Sept 1787 Constitution — China’s 4 of July is Oct the 10 1940 — Old Xmas is Jan the 6 Comes on Sunday Jan the 5 1941

Notes:
The left page opens with a March 1940 financial account: Mrs. Lowell is due, James received $15 cash, sold 21 dozen eggs for $16.75 and chicken for 75 cents. Then the 1940 Republican convention in Philadelphia nominated Wendell Lewis Willkie, while the Democratic convention in Chicago nominated Roosevelt for president with Wallace (James writes “walis”) for vice president on 18 July 1940.

The right page records Sacramento, California celebrating its centennial on 7 August 1939, the city was founded in 1839. The Constitution was signed 17 September 1787, correct. China’s national day is 10 October, the anniversary of the 1911 Wuchang Uprising that launched the Republic of China; James dates this to 1940. Old Christmas falls on 6 January, the traditional Epiphany date, and James notes it falls on Sunday in 1941.

Field Book No. 704, pages 131–132

Field Book No. 704, pages 131–132

Transcription:
Left page — May the 23 1939 USA — Submarene went down and the Cause was a Stuck Valve. 59 men in it. The Squalais may the 24 first men Brought up 7 men — Second 9 — 3 — 9 — 48 Total Saved 33. Lost 26 — Britten sub went down lost 63 men — French Sub Frenett went down losing all men — This in Portsmouth New Hampshire in the Atlantic Ocean. the first Rescue from a Submareen. [bottom] 32 — 27 missing<br>Right page — Jan the 15 1938 Lakeport Calif — James R. Meredith has 4 Children — 27 Gran Children — 29 Grate Gran Children — Se on the other Side. — Langley the first to try a air Plain — the Write Boys first to fly in a motor Plane.

Notes:
The left page records the sinking of the USS Squalus on 23 May 1939, the same disaster James referenced on pages 73–74 when recording the loss of the O-9. Here he gives the fuller account: the cause was a stuck valve, 59 men aboard, the first men brought up on the 24th, total saved 33, lost 26 — accurate figures. He also notes a British submarine losing 63 men and a French submarine (the Phenix) going down with all hands, all in Portsmouth, New Hampshire waters, though the British and French losses were separate incidents. James calls this the first rescue from a submarine, the Squalus rescue was indeed a landmark in submarine rescue history.

The right page is another significant personal entry dated 15 January 1938 in Lakeport: James R. Meredith has 4 children, 27 grandchildren, and 29 great-grandchildren. Then two aviation pioneers: Samuel Langley, who was first to attempt powered flight, and the Wright Brothers, who were first to successfully fly a motor plane, James correctly distinguishing between the attempt and the achievement.

Field Book No. 704, pages 133–134

Field Book No. 704, pages 133–134

Transcription:
Left page — Jan the 16 1938 Lakeport Calif — R.L.R.’s Gran Children — Bulah has Boys Mary has 4 — anny has 6 — Edith has 2 — Orson has 2 — R.L.R has Children 5 — Total 14 — Jack. R. Children — Hobert. Milo is one Paul is Hairs and Baby Jack — 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 — Total 5 — Tom. R. Children — Virginia 1 Wborn 1 Jala 1 Sydney 1 Carma 1 Howard 1 — Total 6 — Fanny. R. has Florence Tillim. Cathuren. Jimmie Virginia. Billie. Arvil albert arthur Fillis — Total 10 — R.L.R. has Children no. 5<br>Right page — The Pilgrims Came over may 16.20 — Life PAYMENTS ACT — was Presented to God above 1000000 Peticions asking for a Special Election May the 18 1939 in Sacramento Calif — independence Signed July the 4 in 17.76 — Wiley Post was Killed with Will Rogers

Notes:
The left page is a detailed family census in the journal, dated 16 January 1938. James is counting his grandchildren through his children Robert Leonard Ross (R.L.R.), Jack Ross, Tom Ross, and Fanny Ross. Bulah has boys, Mary has 4, Anny has 6, Edith has 2, Orson has 2, totaling 14 grandchildren through Robert’s line. Jack’s children include Hobert, Milo, Paul, and Baby Jack, 5 total. Tom’s children: Virginia, one born, Jala, Sydney, Carma, Howard, 6 total. Fanny’s children: Florence, Tillim, Catherine, Jimmie, Virginia, Billie, Arvil, Albert, Arthur, Fillis, 10 total. This cross-references the 27 grandchildren recorded on the previous page.

The right page notes the Pilgrims came over in May 1620. The Life Payments Act, the Townsend Plan, a Depression-era old age pension scheme, gathered over one million petition signatures calling for a special election on 18 May 1939 in Sacramento. Independence signed 4 July 1776. Wiley Post was killed with Will Rogers, in the plane crash at Point Barrow, Alaska on 15 August 1935, noted elsewhere in the journal.

Field Book No. 704, pages 135–136

Field Book No. 704, pages 135–136

Transcription:
Left page — Amelia ahart dropped out of Sight in 1937 — X X X — McDonald Purgied testimony Sent Mooney to Prison 4 years later on his Death Bed. Said he had Swore falce on Mooney — Chamberlin went to Rome Jan the 10 1939 was there 4 days — Hitler Taken Che[c]ko Slovsack March the 14 1939<br>Right page — King. the George and Elisebeth Come Home to U.S.A June the 8 1939 the first Ever To tour the U.S.A. — Churchhill is a Singles Jew. — Ma[?] M[?] on the Toom of the unknown Soldier at Arlington Va

Notes:
The left page opens with Amelia Earhart dropping out of sight in 1937, her disappearance over the Pacific on 2 July 1937 during her attempted circumnavigation. The three X marks suggest James found this entry significant. Then the McDonald/Mooney entry, connecting to the Tom Mooney case recorded on pages 55–56: McDonald purified his testimony, having sent Mooney to prison, and on his deathbed confessed he had sworn falsely against Mooney. Chamberlain went to Rome on 10 January 1939 and was there four days, one of his diplomatic missions. Hitler took Czechoslovakia on 14 March 1939, the occupation of the Czech state.

The right page records King George VI and Queen Elizabeth visiting the United States in June 1939, the first reigning British monarchs ever to tour the USA. Churchill is called a Singles Jew, James apparently heard or read a claim about Churchill’s ancestry. The bottom entries mention a tomb or ceremony at Arlington, Virginia, apparently at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, but the entries are partially cut off.

Field Book No. 704, pages 137–138

Field Book No. 704, pages 137–138

Transcription:
Left page — Eggs Sold $3 — Doz 3 66cts 2.70 — Feb the 20 1940 — Plowing $20 — 1 day — 21 1 day — 22 — 23 — 24 — Roy Williams was Killed July the 15 1940 in a Car Mishap<br>Right page — the 7 King Edward Give up his King Ship To his Bro. King George the 6 — Will Lowell Due J.R. Meredith Cash — $15.00 — Eggs march the 16 1940 3.00 — Doz 21. 15 Ch. Ro. Doz 18.75 — one Chicken 75 — 21 / 15 / 105 / 215 / 3.15 / 75 — Due yet 3.90 — Joe Louis’s wife name is Marvy. Trater

Notes:
The left page records egg sales, 3 dozen at 66 cents, total $2.70, and plowing work on 20 and 21 February 1940 at $20 per day. Roy Williams was killed in a car accident on 15 July 1940, a local community member James was tracking.

The right page opens with King Edward VIII abdicating, giving up his kingship to his brother King George VI. Then a financial account: C.R. Lowell owed James $15 cash, plus egg and chicken sales on 16 March 1940, with a running total showing $3.90 still due. The final entry records Joe Louis’s wife’s name as Marvy Trater, Joe Louis married Marva Trotter in 1935; James renders her name phonetically as Marvy Trater.

Field Book No. 704, pages 139–140

Field Book No. 704, pages 139–140

Transcription:
Left page — Aug the 15 1939 9.30 PM — Train Reck in Nevada Killing 23 injured 108 — Hitler’s army Struck at Poland. Sept the 1 1939 — Sept the 2 in Poland — France Started in war 2 PM Sept the 3 1939 and England Too — The longest word in the Dictionary Smiles. the first is S. the last is S and a mile in the Middle<br>Right page — The Whigs was what is now Republicans — the Torys was what is now Democrats. — F. H. Shoemaker. Spoke for Ham and Eggs — Thomas B Shoemaker was the Gov. Lawyer against Bridges in San Francisco — The first Thanks Given Day was aug 16 1621 — F.D. Roosevelt Changed it from The last Thursday to nov. 23 30

Notes:
The left page opens with a Nevada train wreck on 15 August 1939 at 9:30 PM, killing 23 and injuring 108. Then James records the opening of World War II in real time: Hitler struck Poland 1 September 1939, France entered the war at 2 PM on 3 September 1939, and England too. Then a well-known wordplay joke, the longest word in the dictionary is smiles because there is a mile between the first and last letter.

The right page continues the party history notes. F.H. Shoemaker spoke for Ham and Eggs, the California Ham and Eggs pension initiative that appeared on the 1938 and 1939 ballots. Thomas B. Shoemaker was the government lawyer against Harry Bridges in San Francisco, the longshore union leader whose deportation trial was a major labor and political event of the era. The first Thanksgiving was 16 August 1621, James has the date slightly off. Roosevelt changed Thanksgiving from the last Thursday to the 23rd or 30th of November, James recording the Thanksgiving date controversy of 1939–1941 when Roosevelt moved the holiday to the third Thursday to extend the Christmas shopping season.

Field Book No. 704, pages 141–142

Field Book No. 704, pages 141–142

Transcription:
Left page — Districts — Congressional 1 st — Assembly 5 st — Senatorial the 14 — Mount Whitney is the Highest Point in USA — John Wickleft first Translated the Bible — Birth of the Constitution of the USA 1788 June the 21 — Huse Flew to Paris in 16 38 Min Hours 16 min 38 Landed July the 11 — 1938<br>Right page — Lin Burg was 33 Hours 30 min There was no air mail until 1918 — June the 29 1939 — Mr. Willis Owens was Killed by a Car as he Stept off a Street Car — Mrs. Hanna Willson is the wife of Jack. Dempsy — The natshinial flaur is the Golden Rod

Notes:
The left page opens with James’s voting districts, Congressional 1st, Assembly 5th, Senatorial 14th, placing him in Lake County’s electoral precincts. Mount Whitney is the highest point in the USA, correct. John Wycliffe first translated the Bible, correct, in the 14th century. The Constitution was born 21 June 1788, the date New Hampshire became the ninth state to ratify, making it official. Then someone named Huse flew to Paris in 16 hours 38 minutes, landing 11 July 1938.

The right page notes Lindbergh’s transatlantic flight took 33 hours 30 minutes, and there was no airmail until 1918. On 29 June 1939, Mr. Willis Owens was killed by a car as he stepped off a streetcar, a local or regional news item James recorded. Mrs. Hanna Wilson is the wife of Jack Dempsey, Dempsey’s second wife was Estelle Taylor, and his third was Hannah Williams; James writes her as Hanna Willson. The national flower is the Golden Rod, goldenrod was a popular candidate for national flower in this era though never officially adopted.

Field Book No. 704, pages 143–144

Field Book No. 704, pages 143–144

Transcription:
Left page — Jan the 1938 Etta Bill of Grub — pan cake 60 Mush 29 Tumble 15 — 22 — 25 — [totals] 60 / 29 / 15 / 104 / 100 / 44 — 2.48 — Work for Mr. Russell — April the 25 1938 — 26 Hours 7 — 26 Hours 7 — 27 Hours 5 — 29 Hours 6 — May the 17 1938 — 2 Hours 4 $10. — Mr. Hazle — May the 16 1934 — 6 Hours 9 — 9 Hours 9 / 10 — 10 — 11 Hours 10 — $13.30 — Total 14.90<br>Right page — Jan the 1938 Grub Bill — Jan the 11 Bacon 39 ct Bred 10 Sugar 8 — 17 — Lard 67 — 19 Bread Bacon 33 — 10 / 16 — 25 Tilley Paper — 6 — 29 Bread Soda buter warts — 25 / 39 — 1.56 — multon — 105 — 11 — 100 — The State of Nebraska is State midway between Atlantic ocean and To Pacific — [account totals] 35 / 29 / 40 / 315 / 1065 / 15 — 1330 / 10 15 — 147

Notes:
The left page records Etta’s grocery bill from January 1938, pancakes, mush, and tumble (possibly a baked good) totaling $2.48. Then James’s work record for Mr. Russell in April–May 1938, logging hours each day at approximately $10 total. Then work for Mr. Hazle in May 1934, notably an earlier date, confirming James was using the book non-sequentially, logging hours from the 6th through the 11th, totaling $13.30 and then $14.90.

The right page is Etta’s detailed January 1938 grocery bill: bacon, bread, sugar, lard, bread, bacon again, toilet paper, bread, soda, butter, mutton, a window into their weekly household expenses in Lakeport. The total works out to approximately $1.56 plus additional items. Then a geographical fact: Nebraska is the state midway between the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, followed by more account totals.

Field Book No. 704, pages 145–146

Field Book No. 704, pages 145–146

Transcription:
Left page — Jan the 22 1938 — Joe Hyman — 22 — he droped dead. That night — Flud no 3 Feb the 13 1938 — Presidents droped their first names — President Willson name was Herman. Willson — John. Calvin. Coolidge — Mr. and Mrs. James R. Meredith Spent Thanks Givin at Home alone. Lakeport Calif 1938 — Nov the 25 — Evelyn Collier 710 L St Sac<br>Right page — [Printed surveyor’s reference table — Tangents and Externals to a 1° Curve — pre-printed in the field book, not James’s writing]

Notes:
The left page opens with Joe Hyman dropping dead on 22 January 1938, a local Lakeport community member. Flood No. 3 on 13 February 1938, the third in the series of California floods James tracked that winter. Then a note on presidents dropping their first names, Woodrow Wilson’s full name was Thomas Woodrow Wilson, and James correctly notes John Calvin Coolidge used his middle name Calvin. A personal entry: James and Etta spent Thanksgiving 1938 at home alone in Lakeport on 25 November, a quiet counterpoint to the Christmas entries showing them with C.R. Lowell. Finally Evelyn Collier’s address, 710 L Street, Sacramento, confirming the address recorded in the photographs tucked into the front of the journal.

The right page is the pre-printed Tangents and Externals to a 1° Curve reference table, printed in the field book by the A. Lietz Company. This is manufacturer’s content, not James’s writing.


James Thomas Ross/Meredith acquired a surveyor’s field book sometime in the mid-1930s and used it for the rest of his life. He was not a surveyor. The traverse data, bearings, and station distances already filling many pages when he got it were none of his doing. He simply opened the book wherever he found space and wrote whatever was on his mind. The result is one of the most complete portraits of a working-class American mind in the Depression and World War II era that a family archive is likely to yield.

The journal spans roughly 1934 to 1946, with the heaviest concentration of entries from 1937 to 1942. James was living in Lakeport, California for most of this period, having come to California in November 1930 after decades in West Virginia, Idaho, and Oregon. He was in his late sixties and seventies. He received his first old age assistance payment, $35, on 14 January 1938, the same month he bought a Jersey cow for $50 and began selling milk and butter to neighbors. He operated a small dairy with multiple customers through much of 1938, recording every transaction: 10 cents a quart to Mrs. Russell, 10 cents a day to Mr. Vandudon, butter to Mrs. McCutchon at 18 cents a pound. He worked as a day laborer for C.R. Lowell in August and September 1944 at $3.33 per day, recording each day in the same careful columns. He was 74 years old.

The journal is also a family record. On page 7 James wrote down his own birth year, 1869 or 1868, Pulaski County, Virginia, hedging even on that. Pages 85 and 86 contain his autobiography in miniature: his name at birth was James Thomas Ross; when adopted by his father James Meredith, the court made his name James Ross Meredith; everyone called him Ross. His mother was Nancy Adline Ross, born July 1843 in Newbern, Pulaski, Virginia, died 1924 in Radford, Montgomery County. His father James Meredith was born 1803 and died 17 February 1889. He confirmed the dual-surname situation that had puzzled the family genealogy for generations, recording that he signed papers as Ross and as Meredith and both were accepted, because the attorney knew the two names belonged to the same man.

The family entries accumulate across dozens of pages. On 16 January 1938 James counted: four children, 27 grandchildren, 29 great-grandchildren. He listed the grandchildren by family line, Robert’s five children had 14 grandchildren between them, Fanny’s ten children appear by name. He recorded Robert Leonard Ross leaving after an 18-day Christmas visit in December 1937, Eugene Dale Ross Sr. visiting in February 1938. He noted Evelyn Collier’s Sacramento address, 710 L Street, the same Evelyn whose photographs he had tucked into the front of the book. He paid for Etta’s wedding ring on installment, $5 to $8 every two months from February 1938 through December 1939, a total of $64, with Etta signing in acknowledgment. They had been married since June 1936. He was still paying.

The war years run through nearly every page. James followed the news with the attention of a man who had lived through the Spanish-American War, the First World War, and the Depression and knew that history happened to ordinary people. He recorded the sinking of the Squalus in May 1939, the fall of Poland in September 1939, the fall of France and Paris in June 1940, Hitler’s invasion of Russia in June 1941, Pearl Harbor implied in the shift in tone of subsequent entries, the shelling of Fort Stevens on the Oregon Coast in June 1942, the Italian armistice, Roosevelt’s death in April 1945, Patton’s death in December 1945, Hirohito’s renunciation of divinity on 30 December 1945. He tracked the Tripartite Pact, Bulgaria joining the Axis, the Destroyers for Bases Agreement, Wendell Willkie’s nomination, Roosevelt’s four elections and death. He noted Reed Smoot’s death in Florida in February 1941. He recorded his own age, 76, in his eulogy for Roosevelt, signed 13 April 1945 in San Rafael, California, calling him a wonderful good man, a man of feeling, and placing him at the head of all presidents.

The theological inquiry running from pages 45 through 113 is the most unexpected and sustained writing in the journal. James worked through the Bible the way he worked through everything, methodically, with citations, inviting the reader to draw their own conclusions. He catalogued contradictions between the Gospels on nearly every major event: the flight into Egypt versus the presentation in Jerusalem, the number of women at the sepulcher, the hour of the crucifixion, what Christ was given to drink, who killed him, where he ascended. He listed Old Testament laws on slavery, human sacrifice, and the killing of children and asked whether the reader would want to live under them. He argued that if God made everything he made Satan, and if he is all-powerful why did he not simply make all men good. He cited Judges 1:19, God could not drive out the people of the valley because they had chariots of iron, as proof that God is not omnipotent. He compared Jehovah to the Japanese Emperor Hirohito, who admitted his divinity was a fake. He closed with Pries Craft. And yet he had declared at the outset, on page 47, that we are forbidden to put our own interpretation on scripture, we must accept it as written by men directed by God. He was not rejecting the Bible. He was reading it exactly as written, and asking what it actually said.

The journal ends where it began, with pre-printed surveyor’s tables, the manufacturer’s content that gave the book its original purpose. In between are Etta’s grocery bills, a recipe for curing meat, the World Series inning by inning, the day Chamberlain flew to see Hitler, the day James first received his old age pension, his philosophy stated plainly: I believe in working in stead of weeping. Take Things as they Come with a Smile. Do all the Good you Can to others. and you will be happy. The last Christmas dinner he and Etta had together was in San Rafael in 1945. They had turkey. She died 21 February 1946 in Phoenix. They had lived together 9 years and 7 months.

It is a working man’s record. But it is his voice, in his hand, and it is more than this researcher has ever had before.

Joseph and Ann Reed Wayment

In September 2020, Amanda and I took our family out to Golden Spike National Historic Park at Promontory Summit, Utah. I have written about that visit previously. What drew us there, in part, was the knowledge that Amanda’s 3rd great-grandfather Joseph Wayment had been present on 10 May 1869 when the last spike was driven completing the transcontinental railroad — and that Andrew J. Russell’s famous photograph had captured him standing in the crowd. I promised in that post to tell more of Joseph and Ann Reed Wayment’s story another time. This is that time.

Hiram, Amanda, Aliza, and Paul Ross, Bryan Hemsley, Lillian and James Ross, and Jill Hemsley at Golden Spike National Historic Park, September 2020
Hiram, Amanda, Aliza, and Paul Ross, Bryan Hemsley, Lillian and James Ross, and Jill Hemsley at Golden Spike National Historic Park, 7 September 2020.
East and West Shaking Hands at the Laying of the Last Rail, Promontory Summit, Utah, 10 May 1869. Photograph by Andrew J. Russell.
East and West Shaking Hands at the Laying of the Last Rail, Promontory Summit, Utah, 10 May 1869. Photograph by Andrew J. Russell. Joseph Wayment stands in the crowd on the left side of the image. Find the man standing below the Union Pacific’s No. 119 locomotive light with his jacket open and white shirt, then find the man whose head is in front of that man’s right thigh, behind the fellow with the partially raised hat. That is Joseph Wayment, age 25.

Andrew J. Russell, the official photographer of the Union Pacific Railroad who took this photograph, wrote of that moment: “The continental iron band now permanently unites the distant portions of the Republic, and opens up to Commerce, Navigation, and Enterprise the vast unpeopled plains and lofty mountain ranges that now divide the East from the West. Standing amid ‘The Antres vast and Desert wild,’ surrounded with the representative men of the nation, an epoch in the march of civilization was recorded, and a new era in human progress was ushered in.”

Joseph Wayment was one of the men in that crowd — a twenty-five-year-old English convert who had crossed the Atlantic seasick on the Amazon, walked the plains behind an ox team, survived Montana winters so cold the dishwater froze before it hit the snow, and was now building a life in a patch of Utah desert he would spend the next six decades transforming into a home, a farm, and a community. Would he have fathomed that 151 years later his great-great-great-granddaughter, and her children, would stand at that same spot.

Origins in Whaddon

Joseph Wayment, circa 1874.

I used AI to colorize and sharpen the images. If you click on them, you should be able to see the original black and white. AI took a bit of liberty on the photos regarding clothes.

Ann Reed, circa 1874.

Joseph Wayment was born 7 February 1844 in Whaddon, Cambridgeshire, England, the second son of William and Martha Brown Wayment. His older brother Aaron had lived only one day, so as far as the family was concerned, Joseph was the eldest. I have written previously about his parents, William and Martha Wayment.

Ann Reed was born 1 January 1852 in the same small village — the fifth child and second daughter of James and Sarah East Reed. Whaddon was a tight community, a small village in the district of Royston, County of Cambridge, gathered around the ancient stone church of St. Mary the Virgin. Whaddon appears to have been somewhere around 400-500 people. The Wayments and the Reeds were neighbors in every sense of the word. Their children attended the same meetings, worked the same fields, and children would be baptized in the same river/brook.

Ann’s early life was marked by tragedy. When she was two years old, she slipped into a deep ditch near their home. No one else was nearby. Her mother, Sarah East Reed, then heavy with child, jumped in after her. Ann was saved, but the ordeal brought on labor. The baby girl was born 13 July 1854 and died the same day. Three days later, Sarah also died from complications, and mother and infant were buried together in the same casket. Ann’s father James Reed did his best to keep the family together, but he too died on 2 February 1858, leaving five orphans — the oldest fourteen, Ann just five years old.

Their mother’s sister, Hannah East, came to Whaddon to keep house for the children. Hannah was herself from Whaddon — born there on 24 August 1828, the sister of Sarah East Reed and of George East Sr., who would later become a familiar figure in Warren, Utah. Hannah was baptized LDS 3 June 1848. She stayed with the Reed orphans for several years before emigrating to Zion, where she eventually settled in Lehi, Utah, married Thomas Karren in 1865, and lived until 2 May 1907. It is a quiet thread of continuity that Hannah — who held Ann’s orphaned family together in Whaddon — ended her days in the same territory where Ann built her life, just a day’s journey away in Lehi.

After Hannah left England, the children were kept by the Parish until they could earn their own living. Ann went out to service at age eleven. She endured difficult conditions in several positions before finally working David and Mary Hide Grieg (the histories state it was Grigg), where she stayed nearly five years and carefully saved her wages toward passage to America. The Grieg family lived in nearby Melbourn, a family that was not LDS.

The Gospel Comes to Whaddon

I wrote how the William and Martha Wayment home had become a gathering place for LDS missionaries since William’s baptism in March 1850, how despite community hostility, meetings were held in different houses and baptisms conducted at night to avoid mobs. The gospel took hold in Whaddon. On the night of 7 May 1860, Joseph Wayment, age sixteen, was baptized in Whaddon Brook along with his brother Samuel and sister Emily. Ann Reed, age eight, was baptized and confirmed the same night.

They shared the same baptismal waters and would eventually share a life.

Joseph worked in the peat bogs with his father from his early teens, fossil digging to earn enough for his passage to Zion. He had one more memorable appearance in Whaddon before he left: shortly before his departure, he sang a solo at a church meeting that deeply impressed those present. His voice was described as a clear and beautiful bass. Ann Reed, then twelve years old, was in that congregation. Decades later she would tell her grandchildren with deep feeling how thrilled she had been sitting in that meeting listening to Joseph sing.

The Voyage of the Amazon, 1863

On 1 June 1863, Joseph left Whaddon for Liverpool. Three days later, on 4 June, he booked passage on the sailing vessel Amazon — listed on the manifest as “Joseph Waymound,” age 19 — and sailed from Liverpool with 881 fellow Saints bound for Zion. As I wrote in my Stoker family post, the Amazon was a famous voyage. It was this crossing that Charles Dickens observed and wrote about, describing the Mormon emigrants not as misfits and scoundrels but as the “pick and flower” of England. Future U.S. Supreme Court Justice George Sutherland was also aboard (whose family was LDS). George Q. Cannon dedicated the ship. My own Stoker ancestors were on this same vessel — an extraordinary coincidence that ties our two family lines together. Since Warren and Plain City were small communities, they likely knew each other.

Joseph was seasick nearly the entire six-week crossing. The Amazon landed in New York around the middle of July 1863. He traveled by train to a point on the Missouri River, then by boat up to Florence, Nebraska. From there he walked and drove an ox team across the plains in Captain Dan McCarty’s company — a new experience for him, as he later told his grandsons, having learned to handle horses in England but never oxen. He arrived in Salt Lake City on 3 October 1863, four months and two days after leaving his father’s home.

The very next day the October General Conference of the Church began, held in the Bowery. Joseph stood near the speakers’ platform. Brigham Young was one of the speakers, and Joseph later said it was one of the most inspiring sermons he ever heard — that Brigham Young seemed to be surrounded by a bright light. Part of that sermon Joseph remembered all his life.

The Freighting Years, 1864–1866

After a winter in Lehi, Joseph went to work in the spring of 1864 for a freighting company, probably the Toponce Freighting Company, hauling goods to Montana. He stayed with the outfit until the fall of 1866. Those were hard and consequential years.

The winter of 1864 was brutal. The freighters were snowbound on a Montana river for several weeks. Joseph served as camp cook. He later told his family that when he threw out the dishwater, it froze to ice before it hit the snow. Some of the cattle froze to death. One day the lot fell to Joseph to fetch wood. His hands were tender from cooking and dishwashing, but he went out and cut an armful. As he was picking up the last piece of wood, he felt his whole body beginning to freeze. He stumbled back toward the cabin, but before he reached it his whole body had gone numb. The men rubbed him with coal oil and did everything they could to revive him. One of them said, “Joe Wayment gets no more wood this winter — I’ll get it for him.”

During the freighting years two confrontations became family legend. In the first, a stranger from another company approached the camp and asked if there were any Mormons present. He was directed to Joseph. The man told him he had helped mob the Saints in Missouri and Illinois, then pulled open his shirt to his chest and said, “Now shoot me.” He had lived such a miserable life since helping the mob, he said, that he wanted a Mormon to shoot him. Joseph replied: “No Mormon will ever stain his hands with your blood.”

In the second, the freighters encountered soldiers who had been in Johnston’s Army making their way north into Washington. Learning that some of the freighters were from Utah, they asked to hear the song that had been made up about Johnston’s Army coming to Utah. Joseph was the best singer in camp. He refused at first, knowing it would anger them. When they promised not to get angry, he relented and sang. One soldier became so furious he drew his pistol and threatened to kill the singer. The captain of the soldiers, quick as a flash, drew his own pistol on the angry man and said he would kill him if he harmed the singer. The other soldiers took the man away.

A third incident, at a freighters’ stop near Oxford, Idaho, demonstrated that Joseph was a man of both faith and action. He and his longtime friend and fellow teamster William Butler had pulled in for the night after a long drive. Other freighters already there greeted them with jeers — “There’s those Mormons” — and tried to force them to move on. Joseph and Butler had weary teams and held their ground. When words grew heated, Joseph walked briskly to his wagon, took the green willow switch he used to urge his team, walked thirty paces to some soft ground, and with one swing left it standing upright. Then he walked back, drew his pistol, turned, and split the willow with one shot. The heckling stopped immediately.

In the fall of 1866 Joseph had a strong feeling come over him that he should return to Utah. The company he was working with was a rough and irreligious crowd. He found a secluded spot in the timber, knelt, and asked the Lord for guidance. The next morning his mind was made up. He saddled his horse, gathered his belongings — three buffalo robes and his working clothes — and started for Utah.

Settling Salt Creek

He came first to Layton or Kaysville, then went to Call’s Fort near present Honeyville where he worked for a man named Barnard and helped build the first schoolhouse there. He bought a piece of land at Call’s Fort but eventually sold it. In 1872 he moved to what was then called Salt Creek, southwest of Plain City, and bought the land he would own until his death — purchasing it from H. H. Wadman, making him the second family to settle on Salt Creek. He kept “Bachelor’s Hall” there for about two years. His brother John B. Wayment, who arrived from England in July 1873, lived with him for part of that time.

The home of Bishop William Thomas Wayment and his wife Maud at 662 N. 5900 W. in Warren. Joseph Wayment appears at far right with a horse.

About 1872, Joseph began writing letters to a young woman of his boyhood acquaintance back in Whaddon — Ann Reed. She had grown up, gone out to service, endured difficult years, and was now working for the Greig family, carefully saving her wages. She accepted his invitation to come to Utah and be his wife.

Ann Comes to America, 1874

Ann left her place of work on 2 June 1874 and sailed from Liverpool on 24 June 1874 aboard the steamship Idaho. The Idaho carried 903 passengers on that voyage, arriving in New York on 6 July 1874. Ann traveled overland by rail and arrived in Ogden about the middle of July.

Joseph met her in Ogden — likely taking her to his brother Samuel’s home. On the way they crossed a stream of clear running water. Joseph stopped the horses to let them drink, cupped his hat, dipped it in, and offered Ann the first drink. She couldn’t bring herself to drink water out of a hat from a river like that. Joseph enjoyed the cool drink regardless.

On 7 August 1874, Joseph Wayment and Ann Reed were married by Louis Warren Shurtliff at Joseph’s home in Salt Creek — ending, as Alma Hansen later wrote, the era of “Bachelor’s Hall.” On 29 June 1876, Joseph and Ann traveled to the Endowment House in Salt Lake City, where they were endowed and sealed to each other for time and all eternity. Joseph had been ordained an Elder by Alonzo Knight ten days earlier, on 19 June 1876, in preparation for that ordinance.

The First Years in Salt Creek

The Joseph and Ann Reed Wayment home in Warren, photographed June 1928. Joseph is likely the seated figure visible on the front porch.

Their first child, Sarah, was born 29 October 1875 — one of the first white children born in the Salt Creek area. In the spring of 1876 the Weber River overflowed its banks and covered much of the country where Warren now stands. The first time it came up, it stayed two weeks. The crops survived. But the river flooded again, higher than before, and stayed six weeks. The crops were completely destroyed. Joseph’s house was just high enough to keep the water from running under it — but it came right to the doorstep. He kept a rowboat in which he and Ann traveled to the sandhill in Plain City to do business. His horses broke loose just before the flood and were later found on meadows west of Brigham City. The other cattle and horses in the area lived on the high knolls until the water subsided.

Joseph planted the first fruit and shade trees in the Warren area. He watered them by hand from a well he dug himself, using a long pole with a hook and a bucket because he didn’t have a rope. Later he had a windmill built over the well and irrigated some of his crops with it. About 1880 the residents of Salt Creek organized together and built a ditch up to Four-Mile in the southern part of Plain City to run water to their crops. Part of that original ditch can still be seen near the north side of the bench in Warren.

In March 1881 Joseph was appointed secretary and assistant superintendent of the Salt Creek Sunday School, offices he held for many years. In 1883 he was chairman of the board of trustees for the first schoolhouse built in Warren — a one-room brick building on the bench. His sister Martha Wayment, now Mrs. David East, was the first teacher.

About 1877 Joseph was appointed the first road supervisor in the Warren district, a position he held for ten years. The road supervisor received no pay for his services other than to apply his labor toward his poll taxes, as did all the other men. About the first work done was to fill up some of the creek crossings. He also hauled salt from the creek banks west of Plain City up to the Hot Springs — a full day’s work per load for which he received fifty cents. The salt was used in the smelting of silver ore in Montana.

Six more children followed Sarah: Martha Ann (2 June 1877), Leonard Joseph (12 September 1878), Mary Jane (8 May 1880), Walter Hyrum (14 November 1881), Hannah Alberta (23 August 1883), and Amelia Brown (29 July 1890).

Back row, left to right: Sarah Wayment, Martha Ann Wayment, Leonard Joseph Wayment, Mary Jane Wayment. Middle row: Hannah Alberta Wayment, Joseph Wayment, Ann Reed Wayment holding Amelia Brown Wayment, Martha Brown Wayment (Joseph’s mother). Seated in front: Walter Hyrum Wayment. Photograph circa 1890–1891.

The family portrait above, taken around 1890–1891 when Amelia was an infant, captures all seven children in a single frame. Four generations are present — including Joseph’s mother Martha Brown Wayment at far right, who had herself made the journey from Whaddon in 1878. I wrote about her in the William and Martha Wayment post.

The Flood of 1884 and Ann’s Heroism

In the spring of 1884 the Weber River flooded again — not as severe as 1876, but severe enough to kill all the crops, many fruit trees, and berry bushes. Joseph moved his family into his brother John’s house on the brow of the hill north of the Arthur Marriott home — a one-room house, not large enough for all the family to sleep in. Some of the children slept in a wagon under the shed.

A day or two after they moved, a heavy rain set in. The children’s bedding became soaked. In trying to provide for his family, Joseph was exposed to the rain, cold, and mosquitoes, and he took down with malaria fever. The house was too small for any comfort, and some of the men of the locality moved the family back into their own house — even though it was surrounded by water.

For six weeks Joseph lay near death. Many did not expect him to recover. During this time Ann would walk — and sometimes wade, in water up to her knees — a quarter to half a mile west on the bench to where their cow was pastured. She milked the cow and carried the milk back to feed her husband. For a while he was so weak he could not feed himself, and Ann would have to feed him by hand. He sent for elders from Plain City to administer to him. While they were visiting, he asked to be propped up in bed and talked with them at length. From that time he continued to improve, though he was not entirely well for several years. That fall he was well enough to work on the threshing machine.

Of all the incidents in the long life of Joseph and Ann Wayment, this one — Ann wading flood water to milk the cow and hand-feed her dying husband — speaks most directly to the character of their partnership. The memorial card at their graves in West Warren says it plainly: “Ann Reed Wayment gave loyal and loving support to her husband. No problem arose that they did not find a place of adjustment and agreement.”

Firsts in Warren

The 1902 Portrait, Genealogical and Biographical Record of the State of Utah described Joseph as “one of nature’s noblemen” and enumerated his contributions to the community. He planted the first fruit and shade trees. He was the first road supervisor, serving ten years. When the first schoolhouse was built he served as school board chairman, assessor, and collector. He was one of the first stockholders and directors of the Slaterville Creamery. He raised one hundred tons of sugar beets annually for the Ogden sugar factory.

By 1888 Joseph had shifted his main occupation from general farming to dairying. He kept as many as fourteen milk cows at once. His children did much of the work — milking the cows, putting the milk in cans under cool water until the cream gathered to the top, then skimming and churning it to butter. They sold as many as 2,000 pounds of their own butter in a single year. Later the milk went to the Slaterville creamery, of which Joseph was a founding director.

Joseph’s brother Samuel Wayment was also a builder of the Plain City and Warren community. According to the Plain City history preserved by the Daughters of Utah Pioneers and now available at plaincityutah.gov, Samuel drilled an artesian well 249 feet deep that produced additional water for the early settlers, and he also oversaw the iron work and the building of the Chief Canning Factory in Plain City. Another Wayment, Owen, served as a representative of the Warren Irrigation Company in the 1961 negotiations to cement the main irrigation canal. The Wayment family’s contributions to the water and agriculture infrastructure of the Plain City and Warren area extended beyond Joseph’s own record.

In November 1910 Joseph was elected Justice of the Peace of the Warren Precinct — a fitting civic capstone for the man who had been among the first to settle Salt Creek and had spent decades building its institutions.

In 1896 Salt Creek was officially named Warren, after Lewis Warren Shurtliff, the stake president who organized the new ward — the same Louis Warren Shurtliff who had married Joseph and Ann in 1874.

Ann in Warren

Ann Reed Wayment.
Ann Reed Wayment at her home in Warren.

Ann Reed Wayment was a woman of quiet and enduring strength. Her daughter Mary Jane wrote of her: “She was an energetic worker in Relief Society, holding and filling many offices in it. She was very useful among the sick, exercising great faith as her best healing art. She was a kind, loving, very thoughtful mother to her family. She lived a useful life, impressing her children and those who mingled with her what a wonderful mother and woman she really was.”

The Warren Ward Relief Society was organized on 30 November 1902. Ann was sustained as its Treasurer, her sister-in-law Castina Wayment, wife of Joseph’s brother Samuel, served as First Counselor. Ann was not present at the organization meeting but was set apart as Treasurer on 5 February 1903. At the first Relief Society meeting held at the home of President Jane Stewart on 18 December 1902, Ann bore her testimony and gave the benediction. She served as Secretary and Treasurer of the Warren Relief Society from 1902 to 1916.

Alma Hansen, who knew both his grandparents personally and compiled their biography from firsthand family accounts, described Ann in a single memorable sentence: “She was short of stature but stood ten feet tall in her loving service.”

A February Week in Logan, 1893

Logan, Utah, with the Logan Temple visible in the background, circa 1890s. Digital Image © 2001 Utah State Historical Society. All rights reserved. Used for non-commercial, educational purposes.

In February 1893, Joseph and Ann made an extended trip to the Logan Temple — a journey that had been years in the making. In careful sequence over eight days, they completed ordinance work for ancestors in their lineage and sealed their families together for eternity.

On 16 February 1893, Joseph was sealed to his parents, William and Martha Brown Wayment, in the Logan Utah Temple.

On 21 February, proxy baptism and confirmation were performed for James Reed and Sarah East Reed, Ann’s parents, in the Logan Temple.

On 22 February, the proxy endowment was performed for Sarah East Reed in the Logan Temple. Almost certainly the same was done for James Reed that day, though that record was later lost and the ordinance was repeated at the Manti Temple in 1938.

On 23 February 1893, Ann was sealed to her parents, James and Sarah East Reed, in the Logan Temple.

For a woman who had grown up an orphan at age five — whose mother died saving her life in 1854 and whose father died in 1858 — this February week in the Logan Temple completed a covenant that no earthly circumstance had been able to make. The parents she had barely known were now bound to her forever.

A Mission at Fifty-Six

Joseph Wayment’s handwritten mission acceptance letter to Brother George Reynolds, Warren, 15 January 1900. “It would be agreeable my feelings, and consistent with my circumstances, to take a mission to preach the gospel, if I am considered worthy. I can be ready within 30 days, or less. I remain your Brother, Joseph Wayment.”

On Christmas Day 1899, Joseph was asked to fill a mission for the Church. He was fifty-five years old, a grandfather, and still carrying the kidney effects of a severe malaria attack from fifteen years earlier. His response, written in his own hand on 15 January 1900 to Brother George Reynolds of the First Council of the Seventies, occupies four plain lines: it would be agreeable to his feelings and consistent with his circumstances; he could be ready within thirty days, or less. He remained the reader’s Brother, Joseph Wayment.

On 19 January 1900 he received his formal call from President Lorenzo Snow to labor in the Southwestern States. He was set apart on 14 February 1900 by Apostle George Teasdale in the Temple Annex in Salt Lake City — the same day his Seventy’s License was formally issued, signed by Seymour B. Young, President of the First Seven Presidents of the Seventies.

Joseph Wayment’s Seventy’s License Certificate, issued 14 February 1900, certifying his ordination as a Seventy by Jacob Gates on 7 November 1889. Signed by Seymour B. Young.

His Missionary Certificate bore the signatures of the entire First Presidency: President Lorenzo Snow, First Counselor George Q. Cannon, and Second Counselor Joseph F. Smith. That Joseph’s mission call passed through the hands of George Reynolds, historically notable as the defendant in the landmark U.S. Supreme Court case Reynolds v. United States (1879), places it in the living history of the Church.

He left the next day for Kansas, laboring first in Elk County under Elder H. E. Harrison, then for nearly four months in Greenwood County, until he was taken very sick with malaria again. In his own words: “I left my field of labor on the 4th of July for St. John and arrived home on the 7th, three days later. I was sick for three or four months.” The malaria affected his kidneys, an effect he felt until his death.

While Joseph was away on his mission and then ill at home, Ann kept the farm, the animals, and the household organized. When he returned, she nursed him back to health.

The Children

Of their seven children, three preceded them in death. Martha Ann, their firstborn daughter, married Louis Alma Hansen on 23 November 1898. She died on 19 October 1908 at age 31 of acute nephritis, leaving four children and her husband. Her loss was a grief Joseph and Ann carried quietly for the rest of their lives. Leonard Joseph married Sarah Naomi Hodson in 1902, was called to the British Mission in November 1915, labored in Belfast, Ireland, took sick, and arrived home 19 July 1916. He passed away the next morning, leaving a wife and three children.

The four who outlived their parents were Sarah (married Joseph Emelius Hansen), Mary Jane (married Samuel Bagley Willis, later Orson Francis Waldram), Walter Hyrum (married Iva Dell Wade), Hannah Alberta (married Thomas LeRoy White), and Amelia Brown (married George James Lythgoe).

The 70th Birthday, 1914

Family portrait honoring Joseph Wayment’s 70th birthday, 7 February 1914, Warren, Weber, Utah. Third row center: Ann Reed Wayment and Joseph Wayment, flanked by siblings John Brown Wayment and William Thomas Wayment and sister Martha East.

On 7 February 1914 the extended Wayment family gathered at the Warren home for Joseph’s 70th birthday. Included were children, grandchildren, siblings, their spouses and children, and young Alma Wayment Hansen himself, visible as a boy in the second row, who would later compile a biography of his grandparents. At the center of the third row sit Joseph and Ann, flanked by his brothers John Brown and William Thomas Wayment and his sister Martha East. By this gathering all the children had married.

The Grasshoppers

One incident from Joseph’s later years became a touchstone story in the family, attested to by his daughter Sarah. A summer or two after his first malaria attack, he had planted wheat in the field north of the house. The crop grew abundantly, had headed out full, and was beginning to turn yellow when the children noticed one evening that a great horde of grasshoppers had descended on the grain. They went in and told their father. He was not well, still weakened from the malaria. He arose, took his cane, and walked out into the field.

The grasshoppers were large and so thick they were bending the stalks almost to the ground. What once looked like a bounteous harvest now seemed doomed. Then right there in the midst of the grain and the grasshoppers, Joseph knelt and made a most fervent appeal to his Heavenly Father for aid. Night came on. The family retired, but not without family prayer. The next morning not a grasshopper could be found on the grain. There were no traces of where they had been.

The Golden Wedding, 1924

Salt Lake Tribune, 12 August 1924. Joseph Wayment and Wife Honored on Their Golden Wedding Day.
Left to right: Walter Hyrum Wayment, Amelia Brown Wayment Lythgoe, Joseph Wayment, Ann Reed Wayment, Sarah Wayment. Photograph taken at the Warren home, circa 1924.

On Thursday, 7 August 1924, Joseph and Ann celebrated their golden wedding anniversary with elaborate festivities at their Warren home. The Salt Lake Tribune reported the occasion. By remarkable coincidence, a great-grandson was born that same day at nearly the identical hour that Joseph and Ann had married fifty years before, a son born to Mr. and Mrs. William Bennington Jr. of Ogden. The event, as the paper noted, cheered the aged couple considerably.

The celebration drew family from across Weber County. Among those present were Joseph’s siblings, his sisters Mrs. Martha East of Warren and Mrs. Emily Mullen of Ogden, and his brother Bishop William T. Wayment of Warren, along with four daughters, one son, and twenty-six grandchildren.

The photograph captures something of what fifty years in Warren had built. Joseph stands center-rear, his great white beard the same beard his doctor had prescribed after the 1884 malaria, protection for his throat and chest from the cold. Ann stands center-front, hands folded, short of stature. Sarah, their eldest, the first white child born in Warren, stands at the right. Walter Hyrum, their only surviving son, is at the far left with his wife Amelia Lythgoe beside him.

Final Years

Ann Reed and Joseph Wayment.
Left to right: Verlan Hansen, Ann Reed Wayment holding Donald Peterson, Eulail Peterson (back), Robert Hansen (front), Joseph Wayment holding Elaine Hansen, Irene Hansen. Joseph and Ann were the great-grandparents of the children in this picture.

Joseph bought his first automobile in 1912, just past his 68th birthday. About 1922 his eyesight became too poor to read. From that time until his death, someone had to read all news to him. He lived at his own home in Warren until the very end, cared for by his daughter Sarah. He delighted in bearing his testimony and seemed never to tire of talking about and explaining the principles of the gospel. His last public appearance was at a fast and testimony meeting on 11 October 1931, where he bore a strong testimony to the truthfulness of the Gospel and to the fact that Joseph Smith was a true prophet of God.

Ann did not live to see it. She died on the morning of 14 June 1931, at 8:10 a.m., at their Warren home after a three months’ illness — her cause of death recorded on her death certificate as chronic myocarditis with arteriosclerosis as a contributing factor. She had lived in Warren for 57 years without interruption. Her brother-in-law Bishop William T. Wayment was among the speakers at her funeral. A sextet of nephews and nieces sang. Mrs. Jessie Wayment sang a solo. Grandsons served as pallbearers. Granddaughters took charge of the flowers. She was buried in the Warren Cemetery on 17 June 1931.

Joseph took sick on the afternoon of Thursday, 17 December 1931. He passed away very peacefully on Sunday evening, 20 December 1931, at Dee Hospital in Ogden, of bronchopneumonia, the chronic malaria that had plagued him since 1884 listed as a contributing condition. He was 87 years old.

Obituary of Joseph Wayment, Ogden Standard Examiner, 21 December 1931.

He was buried on 23 December 1931 in the Warren Cemetery, beside Ann, who had preceded him six months and six days. They had been married 56 years, 10 months, and 7 days.

Legacy

Sarah Ann Wayment Hansen and her father Joseph Wayment in his final years. Sarah cared for Joseph at home until his death in December 1931.

When Joseph and Ann Wayment arrived in Salt Creek in the early 1870s, there was almost nothing there. When they died in 1931, Warren was a community with a church, a school, a creamery, roads, canals, orchards, many of the first of each having been planted, built, or organized by Joseph himself. They lived to see 32 grandchildren and 37 great-grandchildren. Two of their children served missions; one granddaughter and five grandsons also served missions, all returning safely.

Amanda and I visited their graves in the West Warren Cemetery on 24 May 2020. The memorial card at their headstones, the laminated display that prompted this research, was photographed that day. Amanda is their 3rd great-granddaughter through the line: Joseph and Ann Wayment → Martha Ann Wayment Hansen → Walter Wayment Hansen → Bryan Hemsley → Amanda Ross.

Bryan Hemsley, Amanda, Aliza, and Hiram Ross with the tombstones of Joseph Wayment and Ann Reed Wayment, West Warren Cemetery, 24 May 2020.
Bryan Hemsley, Amanda, Aliza, and Hiram Ross with the tombstones of Ann Reed (1852–1931) and Joseph Wayment (1844–1931), West Warren Cemetery, 24 May 2020.
The memorial card displayed at the graves of Joseph and Ann Reed Wayment, West Warren Cemetery.

Source Documents

The following family histories are available for download:

Life Sketch of Joseph Wayment – copied from a record belonging to Ida H. Johnson (granddaughter), transcribed by Hollis R. Johnson, 1956

Emily Wayment and William Negus – compiled by Alma W. and Martha M. Hansen, 1979

John Brown Wayment and Sarah East – compiled by Alma W. Hansen, 1980

Ross in Hawaii

I remember Grandpa, Milo James Ross, telling the story of his arrival in Hawaii. He often shared that, upon arriving, he heard over the loudspeakers that he was the father of a new baby boy. Somehow in my mind, I always equated Dad’s birth as the same date Grandpa arrived in Hawaii. Now knowing communications and technology available in 1943, the birth would not have been communicated to Hawaii the same day. The story suggests the birth and related information arrived before Grandpa to Hawaii. But by how much time?

First, Grandpa’s obituary (which I helped write) indicates he enlisted in the Army in October 1942. In the 1997 interview, Grandpa says he went in on “the first draft” shortly after Pearl Harbor (December 1941). He says he was sent to Fort Douglas and shipped out to Fort Lewis the same day. Grandpa also gave me the date for the photo below as 1942, which is almost a year after Pearl Harbor. He was pretty clear to tell me that when he enlisted, he was not aware that Grandma was pregnant. The first draft after Pearl Harbor, whatever that means, seems fairly immediate to me placing enlistment in 1941.

(l-r): Kenneth Barrow, Ellis or Keith Lund, Milo Ross, Jim Jardine, Unknown, Victor Wayment, Earl Collins 16 Oct 1942

The University of Utah Veterans Support Center states Grandpa landed in Hawaii on 4 July 1942. That seems to collaborate the 1997 interview with him enlisting right after Pearl Harbor. I wondered if that was a typo or if they had some records I was not aware. Was he in the army a whole year and just happened to be in Hawaii when the birth was announced?

There had to be some records out there to help clarify or pin down the dates. Military records give the insight needed. It was years since I did this search, and fortunately more records and information are now available. I try to link to them as they are referenced.

The 33rd Infantry Division arrived in Hawaii on 12 July 1943. Multiple independent military history sources — the U.S. Army Center of Military History, Army Divisions records, and others — all confirm this same date. As a reminder, Grandpa was in the 33rd Infantry Division, 130th Regiment, Company C.

The Division’s timeline shows it moved to Fort Lewis in August 1942. In March 1943, after Grandpa arrived in October 1942, the Division moved to Camp Young, California. There it conducted Desert Training Center maneuvers from April to June 1943 and then shipped to Hawaii in July 1943. This follows the pattern in Grandpa’s 1997 interview. (We have many photos of Grandma’s visit to Grandpa at Fort Lewis, I should share some of those.)

Dad was born on 4 July 1943, and the birth announcement came over the loudspeaker as the ship arrived in Hawaii. The official arrival date of 12 July 1943 means the ship would have been at sea on July 4th. “Sergeant Ross, congratulations. Your wife and son are doing well, and, one more thing, before you get off the ship you and your men have guard duty for the next four hours. Welcome to Hawaii.”

Additionally, a detailed record of another soldier, Staff Sergeant Charles Greer, in Company B of the 130th Infantry Regiment confirms the division’s movements through Fort Lewis in September 1942, Camp Clipper/Desert Training Center in early 1943, and onward — matching exactly what Grandpa described in his 1997 interview.

After settling the year, the next question for me was, where did they land in Hawaii and how long were they there? This took some more research to flesh out. I am grateful for those who continue to expand and make available these stories on the internet.

After arrival of the 123rd and 130th Regiments on Oahu in July 1943, the 123rd Regiment was sent to Kauai almost immediately. The 130th Regiment was sent to the Big Island almost immediately and later joined the 123rd on Kauai in December 1943.

Grandpa’s ship likely docked at a port on Oahu, almost certainly Honolulu Harbor. Honolulu was the primary army troop arrival port, rather than Pearl Harbor which was a naval base.

The primary Army installation area on the Big Island was Waikoloa Maneuver Area, near Waimea. Waimea is on the northern part of the island. Waikoloa Maneuver Area, located south of Waimea on Parker Ranch land, was used for live fire exercises in 1943. Camp Tarawa, also in Waimea, was also a major training ground used in late 1943, but primarily by Marines.

Grandpa’s 130th Regiment was almost certainly stationed in the Waimea/Waikoloa before transferring to Kauai in December 1943. I wasn’t able to find a specific named camp for the Army’s 130th Regiment there.

After the 130th joined the 123rd Regiment on Kauai in December 1943, both regiments completed their training and shipped out April 1944 to New Guinea. This comes from the Greer profile, linked above, which noted that on 21 April 1944, the 130th Infantry Regiment sailed from Honolulu to Finschhafen, New Guinea. It took two weeks to get from Honolulu to Finschhafen. Apparently, the 130th traveled on the S.S. Lurline.

The story of Sergeant Philip Beaman matches what Grandpa told in his 1997 interview. During the following months, the men worked to build up the outpost and conducted more amphibious operation training. They were even put to work unloading supplies at the port due to a shortage of stevedores. Grandpa’s account of unloading ships, digging drainage ditches, and building gravel walkways at Finschhafen matches Beaman. According to Beaman, morale suffered badly. According to the division’s own history, The Golden Cross, most men began to feel the division was “World War II’s forgotten unit.” The Division started calling themselves the “4F Division” — the Finschhafen Freight Forward Force.”

The Division arrived at Finschhafen on 11 May 1944 and remained there engaged in jungle and amphibious training. Later in 1944, the Division moved to Morotai Island arriving on 18 December 1944. The Division landed on the west coast without opposition. Grandpa also described in his interview arriving at Morotai, a PT boat mission, the bank robbery incident, booby trap explosion, and guarding the airstrip.

Dexter Kerstetter also served in Company C, 130th Infantry Regiment, with Grandpa. The Japanese had landed a regiment on the island, which lacked heavy weapons but had fortified the thick jungle around Hill 40.

On 10 February 1945, the 33rd Infantry Division landed at Lingayen Gulf, Luzon, Philippines. After Lingayen Gulf, Beaman describes combat in the foothills of the Caraballo mountain range, in areas nicknamed Bench Mark and Question Mark. From 19 February onward, there is the drive into the Caraballo Mountains toward Baguio.

Kerstetter’s history continues, that on 13 April 1945, during a battle he advanced ahead of his squad. The forward movement had been halted by intense fire that inflicted casualties. Kerstetter advanced beyond his squad and worked his way up the ridge where Japan’s defenses were located. Japan’s soldiers had the ridgeline defended with machine guns, mortars, and infantry in spider holes. He systematically took out enemy defenses with well-aimed rifle fire and grenades. Climbing above the defenses, he dropped down the ridgeline to destroy a cave entrance defense and its four defenders. He resumed his advance on the ridgeline defenses and next encountered a machine gun position, which he destroyed with accurate rifle fire and a grenade, killing four enemy soldiers. Kerstetter then fired on about 20 of Japan’s soldiers behind the main line of defense, scattering them. Out of ammunition, he returned to his squad for resupply. Having good knowledge concerning the locations of Japanese defenses, he led a platoon to the ridgeline and on the way took out a rifle position. The platoon was able to secure the ridgeline. Kerstetter killed 16 Japanese soldiers that day. Company C then held the hill, deterring Japanese counterattacks. During a counterattack two days later on 15 April 1945, Kerstetter was wounded in the leg by sniper fire and sent to a field hospital. He was promoted to sergeant and recommended for the Medal of Honor.

Grandpa being in the same Company was likely involved in some way with much of Kerstetter’s history. The Greer article places the 1st Battalion of the 130th Infantry fighting on Hill 1802 in the Labayug-Alibeng area from 23-25 February 1945. That is just two weeks after landing. The book about the 33rd Division places Hills X and Y in the Kennon Road fighting of late February to March 1945. It was Hill X that gave Grandpa the Silver Star and the whole Unit received the Presidential Citation. Shortly after Hill X Grandpa was wounded while tending to other soldiers who were awaiting medical attention. All this brutal mountain fighting took place on the approaches to Baguio.

Grandpa spent several weeks in recovery. University of Utah says two months, but that cannot be accurate. By mid April 1945 the 130th Infantry Regiment called in air support to help rifle companies get through a network of fortified hills. The fighter-bombers broke Japanese resistance and the 130th finally got across the river. The 33rd Infantry Division liberated what was left of Baguio on 26 April 1945. Grandpa indicates he was present for that liberation, which puts his recovery time at only a couple of weeks, not a full two months.

After Baguio, there was plenty of mopping up work required. The Division mopped up isolated pockets of Japanese troops around Baguio and captured the San Nicholas–Tebbo–Itogon route on 12 May 1945. Fighting continued and on 6 June 1945, Company I of the 130th Regiment was given a Medal of Honor for their activities near Tabio, Luzon. Grandpa indicates he was present at the Japanese surrender at Luzon in June 1945.

On 30 June 1945, all elements of the 33rd Division went to rest and rehabilitation areas. The division then landed on Honshū Island, Japan on 25 September 1945 and performed occupation duties until it was deactivated in early 1946. While the Division performed occupation duties, Grandpa had been honorably discharged 30 September 1945 and shipped home.

I am posting this article ahead of the 81st anniversary of the liberation of Baguio City.

Heyburn Gill Family

J Street – Heyburn – December 7th 1908

The Heyburn Citizens group received some photos from a Rose Pederson in Vancouver, Washington. These were given to the City of Heyburn. I took the opportunity to scan them and make them available more widely.

Burley Idaho Feb. 1920 – Mr. E. Bowman – Jossie & Flossy (Bays) – Walt Gill

I was able to track down Walter Arthur Gill fairly easily. Walter Arthur Gill born 19 July 1889 in St. Edward, Boone, Nebraska. The 1900 Census has him with his family still in St. Edward. The 1910 Census has him in Heyburn, living with his parents. His brother, Amos, is living next door with his family.

This letter from 1911 indicates he was now the owner of some real estate in Heyburn, Idaho.

This letter indicates his homestead application is allowed in Section 14, Township 10 South, Range 23 East. This would put this farm east of Heyburn’s A Street (400 West), west of 300 West, south of 400 South, and north of 500 South. Nothing on the 1910 census tells me exactly where they were living, but I don’t know that was where he homesteaded either.

Walt Gill (holding son Art Gill – born in 1922), Eva Lenore Anderson (from Edith’s prior marriage), Edith Marion Howell Gill, Amy Jane Hall Gill

Walt is the son of Arthur Erwin Gill (1854 – 1923) and Amy Jane Hall Gill (1858 – 1935). He married Dolly Genevera Baily (1891 – 1966) on 11 January 1911 in Albion, Cassia, Idaho. I do not see any children and do not know how that marriage ended.

He married Edith Marion Howell (1899 – 1940) on 19 July 1921 in Rupert, Minidoka, Idaho. The 1920 Census does not provide where he lives, but Dolly is not with him. Ralph Arthur Gill was born 4 April 1922 in Jarbridge, Elko, Nevada. Aimee Jean Gill was born 21 January 1924 in Idaho (not clear where).

Mr. E Bowman – Walt Gill

I cannot tell how long he was on the homestead he claimed. It doesn’t seem to have been very long.

Burley Idaho – Feb. 1920 – Anona Gill on Flossy – Lady & Rock (Blacks) – Walt Gill

Anona Gill (1912 – 1974) is his niece, daughter of Amos Hiram Gill (1881 – 1940) and Jane A Vizzard (1881 – 1953).

Edith remarried to Robert Earl Taylor (1894 – 1953) on 27 January 1931 in Elko, Elko, Nevada.

The 1930 Census has Walt living in Inyo County, California. He appears to be in or around Bishop, Inyo, California for the 1940 Census and reports he was also living there in 1935. The obituary for his mother lists him as living in Taft, Kern, California in 1935. When he registered for the draft in 1942, he was living in Hollywood, Los Angeles, California. He remarried to a Jessie Opal Shafer, nee Fowler, in California. She was using the Gill name for the 1940 Census, so likely married before then.

Nancy – Sis & Joy (Bays) – Walt Gill

I don’t know what Nancy is as referenced as a name on the photo. Maybe that is her shadow on the horse?

Walter died 13 February 1943 in Hollywood. He is buried in the Hollywood Forever Cemetery.

1957 Jamboree and 1958 Colorado River

As I worked through the photos of Dave and Betty Donaldson, I stumbled on some pictures sent from Dad. Dad, Milo Paul Ross, attended the 1957 Boy Scout Jamboree in Valley Forge, Pennsylvania. I thought I would share those photos along with some other items I have scanned related to that trip. Since there were a couple of photos from the 1958 High Adventure Trip, I thought I would include those too.

First, be aware that the Great Salt Lake and Lake Bonneville Councils published a book about their trip. “Onward for God and My Country” was the motto. I have scanned the entire book – it is provided below.

The book says the trip occurred in July 1957. The book provides plenty of photos of the highlights. These few photos show what Dad thought was interesting enough to take pictures.

The trip took them east through a variety of states. Included was Chicago, Detroit, and Palmyra. Stops included the Sacred Grove and Smith Farm. Albany, Springfield, Boston, and New York City.

Dad does not recall the names or even knowing anyone in the photos at Jamboree.

I remember Dad talking about the Statue of Liberty. They climbed the stairs to the crown. He also indicated that at that time they let some of them climb to the torch. It was a very memorable experience. He also mentioned the Empire State Building and Independence Hall in Philadelphia. Vice President Nixon addressed the Scouts.

Kammeyer’s supported the Jamboree.

For those LDS Scouts, Harold B Lee and Delbert L Stapley spoke to the boys on Sunday. Here is a letter Dad wrote home while there.

I previously wrote about Dad and scouting. Here is his Eagle Scout picture.

Milo Paul Ross achieved Eagle Scout

Here is a note Grandpa made about this picture.

Milo Ross, Bill McBride, Leon Taylor, Freddy Cox Eagle Announcement
Milo James Ross commented about Milo Paul Ross receiving his Duty to God award on 27 April 1959
Duty to God Award
Letter from Church Headquarters

Here are a couple of the photos from the Colorado River rafting trip. Dad thinks there are more photos. He does not remember or recognize any of the individuals in the photos.

Dad remembered they had to pull out of the river to go around the Glen Canyon Dam construction.

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Both of these were trips of a lifetime. Neither have been forgotten.

Another clip, I don’t know the year or time.

Burley Idaho Temple Open House

The Burley Idaho Temple Open House ran 3 November 2025 to 22 November 2025. It was an amazing opportunity to invite the local and broader community to walk through a pinnacle of our worship. I attended 5 of the much more individual and personal tours on the 3rd through 5th with public leaders and distinguished guests. I wish everyone could attend these tours, which would often take 45 minutes to 60 minutes for the full tour. Some of these were guided by General Authorities, including Elders Steven R. Bangerter, Karl D. Hirst, and K. Brett Nattress.

On Thursday, the general public was welcome to attend open tours. Our first tour tried to do a small introduction in each room, but about half-way through that was abandoned to keep the lines moving. Every tour I attended afterward did not have any attempted presentations, other than to remind individuals to not take photos and to speak softly.

Amanda sneaked over and caught a personal tour on the 6th.

6 November 2025 – Amanda Ross attended individually

Amanda and I took our family on Friday 7 November 2025.

Saturday morning we attended with some friends. This was my 7th tour that first week!

8 November 2025 – Bud and Karen Marie Whiting, Amanda Ross, James Ross, Aliza Ross, Lea Pierucci Izama, Audra Hales, Aleah Hales, Anson Hales, Brad Hales, Paul Ross

The next weekend, Amanda had a bunch of family come to town and also attend. This Friday night was my 4th tour of the second week.

14 November 2025 – Hiram Ross, Amanda Ross, Lillian Ross, Rowan Hemsley, Margo Hemsley, Bryan Hemsley, Olivia Hemsley, Jill Hemsley, Jack Hemsley, James Ross, Paul Ross, Aliza Ross, Jordan Hemsley, Derek Hemsley

I also got to attend some more times the third week. But my 4th tour in the third week was with my sister and brother-in-law.

22 November 2025 – Paul Ross, Andra and Wes Herbst

That makes 15 trips through the temple for the open house. I was also privileged to do temple security on 5 different occasions, all for the 9:00 PM to 1:00 AM shift. Here are some photos from that opportunity.

4 November 2025
4 November 2025
5 November 2025 – Paul Ross and Kevin Mower for the graveyard shift
10 November 2025 – Paul Ross and Tyson Smith for the graveyard shift

Amanda also got to do a security shift, parking shift, and foot covering (booty) shift.

12 November 2025 – Amanda Ross Parking Shift
12 November 2025 – Amanda Ross Security Shift

Some of the late night security shifts were great opportunities to reflect on the blessings we are now achieving with the ease and access of a temple so close.

When I received my first temple recommend for my own endowment, Paul Idaho Stake President, M. Gene Hansen, invited me to make a commitment to attend the temple every month at a minimum. I took that commitment. I agreed.

In Hazelton, Idaho, it took me roughly 2 1/4 hours to get to the Boise Idaho Temple (speed limits have increased since then); Idaho Falls Idaho Temple was just under 2 hours; Logan Utah Temple was about 2 1/2 hours, and Ogden Utah Temple was 2 1/2 hours. I was endowed in Logan in September 1998 with my Dad. I attended Logan and Boise before going on the mission. But it was at least half a day planning to attend the temple before the mission.

Within the Manchester England Mission is found the Preston England Temple. Attending the temple in the mission required coordination with members as the temple isn’t near public transportation and we relied on members to take us. We could only go on Preparation Day, which was Tuesday. That took some work, but I was able to attend every month of the mission (except for some months where some missionaries had abused the privilege and all missionaries lost temple attendance options for three months). Getting to the temple was within 1 hour for every area in which I served.

I lived in Branson Missouri for a couple of years. Our closest temple for Branson was the St. Louis Missouri Temple. That drive was at least 4 hours one way, often 4 1/2 hours. That required an entire day to be set aside and planned to drive, attend, and return home. Never missed a month in Branson. I sealed my Jonas grandparents together in St. Louis Missouri Temple. The Bentonville Arkansas Temple has been constructed much closer at about 2 hours. The Springfield Missouri Temple will be less than an hour away from Branson.

Amanda and I lived in Richmond Virginia for a couple of years. Our closest temple for Richmond was the Washington D.C. Temple. That drive was between 4 and 5 hours away, depending on beltway traffic. We would often go up and spend Friday night with family, attend the temple that night or in the morning, and then make our way back home. Washington D.C. Temple was closed for a bit, so to make the monthly trip, we had to go to the Raleigh North Carolina Temple. That was almost a 4 hour drive one direction. The new Richmond Virginia Temple is just outside the first neighborhood we lived in and within 10 minutes of the second neighborhood we lived.

When we moved back to Idaho, the Twin Falls Idaho Temple had been dedicated. That dropped the 2 to 2 1/2 hour drive time for all those temples to less than an hour, usually between 50-60 minutes. But it still takes time and planning to ensure I get there every month. This is double now that we also have a commitment to see that Aliza and Hiram are able to attend at least monthly.

Now, with the dedication of the Burley Idaho Temple in January, the temple will be between 5 to 6 minutes away.

Now I have to reevaluate. It seems the once a month commitment is not enough. I think that will remain the absolute minimum going forward for the rest of my life. It also seems I have no reason to not attend to at least one ordinance in the temple at least every week.

To show my gratitude to our Father and our Savior, I intend to attend the Burley Idaho Temple at least daily for the first 30 days it is open after dedication. Which isn’t as much as it seems if you consider it is not open on Sunday, Monday, or Thursday. Still working out what happens after the first 30 days.

For the last three weeks I have found myself regularly humming The Spirit of God and also muttering the Hosanna Shout under my breath. I am looking forward to the dedication of the Burley Idaho Temple on 11 January 2026!

Memorial Day 2025

Time continues to march forward. It does not care what we think about it. Some want it faster, others want it slower, others want it to stop.

In preparation for Memorial Day, I was trying to think of something that would show that I truly hold in memory those who served in the military and especially those who died in that service. Hopefully here are a few things that show a more human side. I am not aware that I have any ancestor who has died in a war, especially in the service of the United States of America. I guess for that I am lucky and honored. But I have many who have served in the military.

Portrait of David Delos Donaldson after WWI

David Delos Donaldson is my paternal grandmother’s father. I tried to get a copy of his military records many years ago, but they were destroyed in a St. Louis, Missouri, fire long ago. I only know a few things. He worked in California as a pipe fitter/plumber at some point, but I believe that was for WWII. He went through basic training and ended up learning signaling. At some point he was allegedly in France and was exposed to the dreaded mustard gas, which injured his lungs. He smoked to settle his lungs as prescribed by doctors. He ended up dying from complications due to his lungs.

Here are some notes I have from 2006.

“I stumbled upon a registration form for my great grandfather, David Delos Donaldson, and WWI.  He was working in Twin Falls, Idaho.  The best part is, we never knew he went to Idaho, ever.  Not only that, he was working there, and was exempted because he was working to support his younger siblings and mother.  He did later enter the war, we don’t know when or how, but went to France in the Argonne and was gassed there.  He suffered his whole life and eventually died from the mustard.

“With this information, I went to visit my Uncle Dave Donaldson because my Dad did not know anything.  I picked his brain.  We know little about my Great Grandfather before he married.  Now we know he was working for Ballantyne Plumbing in Twin Falls in roughly April 1917.  He served in WWI with two brothers.  As mentioned, he was hit with mustard, spent some time in hospital, and he wasn’t getting better, so they sent him home.  He married my Great Grandmother in 1919, Berendena Van Leeuwen.  They had 5 children.  During the great depression he worked down south as a plumber.  Dave did not know where, but there was a possibility it was at the Hoover.  When they went on a trip to Los Angeles, he insisted on stopping at Boulder City and the dam on the way home.  Oh, we do know that before they got married, he worked as a plumber in Phoenix.  How long we don’t know, but he could not bear the heat down there.  During the depression when he worked down south, the family stayed in Ogden.  Dave was young enough that he remembered his father coming home, but not knowing where from.  Again during WWII, the whole family moved to Napa, California and Great Grandpa was a plumber at the naval yard there. I do not know if there were any other naval bases down there.  Then they moved back.  The family must not have stayed down there, or he did not work the entire war, as my Grandpa and Grandma met in 1941-1942 at the Berthana on 24th street Ogden at a dance.  They were married in April 1942, shortly before he left for war.  Great Grandpa was a plumber by trade.  He worked up until the 1950’s when his health failed him.  He picked up smoking because it soothed his lungs.  It sounds like the mustard burned his lungs the rest of his life.  He would smoke to deaden the nerves.  Dave told me this increased until he died.  Even the last few years of his life, he had oxygen when he went places and when he slept.  But he kept smoking.  Dad told me of one of the few memories he had of his Grandpa.  He went to visit him in Ogden, Grant Ave if I remember right, and he was laying in bed.  There were newspapers all over the floor.  He got into a coughing fit and coughed a big thing of phlegm up and it went on the floor.  It was the combination of the irritation to the lungs from mustard and the smoking.  It was what eventually killed him.

David Delos Donaldson (back), John Edmund Donaldson (left), and William George Donaldson

Here are some postcards David sent home to his mother. His father, William Scott Donaldson, died of cancer in 1913.

“Part of Carlin, Nev.”

I am not sure why the writing on the left is crossed out. But you can see Miss W. S. Donaldson 2270 Moffett Ave Ogden Utah. It says Carlin and Delos Donaldson. It might say “Yours” above it. The postmark is dated 1914, but I cannot make out the rest of it.

Retail Business District, Tacoma, Washington 1918

Dated 2 April 1918. “Dear mother got here all ok like it fine Write me as Private David D Donaldson 20th Co., 5th Bn., 166th Dep Brig. Camp Lewis, America Lake, Wn. Mrs. W.S. Donaldson 2270 Moffett Ave Ogden Utah”

Front and back

“Signal Corps It does not look much like me Do you think so. Mother I am at the Signal School here.”

Front and back

Dated 28 June 1918. “Dear Mother just a line to say I am well and fair when I got in New York all for this time your son DDD. Written to Mrs. W. S. Donaldson 2270 Moffett Ave Ogden Utah

Harry Korb Cigars & Tobacco, known location with David standing in front of the store. Other three are unknown.

We might think it, but none of us are truly bullet-proof. This boy’s health was affected for the rest of his life by war. He did live to be 59 years old.

He did marry and had five children.